scholarly journals Factors Associated with High Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoan Infections among Patients in Sana'a City, Yemen

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e22044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naelah A. Alyousefi ◽  
Mohammed A. K. Mahdy ◽  
Rohela Mahmud ◽  
Yvonne A. L. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Protozoan Infections

Prevalence and pre-disposing factors associated to gastro intestinal protozoan infections among diarrheal children under 5 years in kisii county, kenya.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Okeri Ondara ◽  
Benson Omweri Nyachong’i ◽  
Vincent Obino Orucho
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Protozoan Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract ABSTRACT. Objectives: Mortality and morbidity due to diarrheal diseases among children below the age of five has been increasing especially in the developing countries. This infection has not got attention like other health issues at national or regional levels. Documenting the risk prevalence and factors that influence the occurrence of the diarrheal diseases help to inform the and to develop preventive strategies for the county of study and the country at large. Results: There was high prevalence of gastro intestinal protozoan infection with 34(28.3%) children infected with either Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia or both (co infections). Female children were 2.1 times less likely to be infected with gastro intestinal protozoa than their male counterparts, though not statistic ally different (P=0.392). Keywords: Gastro intestinal protozoans, diarrhea, children under 5 years

First evidences of salt and pepper retinal lesions in patients with intestinal protozoan infections in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jafari ◽  
Huriyeh Gorgizadeh ◽  
Masoud Soosaraei ◽  
Azar Shokri ◽  
Zainab Bandalizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Protozoan Infections ◽  
Salt And Pepper ◽  
First Time

Background: It is make clear that salt and pepper retinal lesion (SPRL) has subsequently associated with the infection with Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia). However, little is known regarding prevalence of SPRL among patients suffered from parasitic infections in the world. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SPRL among patients with intestinal protozoan infections, for the first time, in Sari, northern Iran. Methods: In this case-control study a total of 150 subjects participated: 75 were in patients group diagnosed to have intestinal parasite, and 75 in control group without any intestinal infection. Fecal samples were obtained from all participants and examined with wet mount and formalin-ether methods. The retina of both groups was examined by an ophthalmologist. Results: Overall, salt and pepper retinal changes were diagnosed in 12 (16 %) patients with at least one parasitic infection (7 females and 5 males). G. lamblia was diagnosed in 6 subjects (50%), Blastocystis hominis in 5 (41.6%), and Entamoeba coli in 1 (8.3 %). Most of the patients (58.3%) had a mild infection. Bilateral retina involvement was observed in 75% of the patients. Furthermore, macula involvement was observed in 91.7 % with SPRL. Conclusion: Our findings indicated the relatively high prevalence of SPRL in subjects with giardiasis and blastocystosis. It can be concluded that not only G. lamblia but also B. hominis can cause SPRL in Sari, Iran. Further studies are needed to find other etiologic parasites able to cause retinal damages.

High prevalence of ascending aortic dilation in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Daniel Rinnström ◽  
Mikael Dellborg ◽  
Ulf Thilén ◽  
Peder Sörensson ◽  
Niels-Erik Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Coarctation Of The Aorta ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Aortic Dilation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Background: Ascending aortic dilation is a feared complication in adults with repaired coarctation of the aorta, as the condition is associated with life-threatening complications such as aortic dissection and rupture. However, the data are currently limited regarding factors associated with ascending aortic dilation in these patients. Methods and results: From the national register of congenital heart disease, 165 adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with repaired coarctation of the aorta, and echocardiographic data on aortic dimensions, were identified (61.2% male, mean age 35.8 ± 14.5 years). Aortic dilation (aortic diameters > 2 SD above reference mean) was found in 55 (33.3%) of the 165 included patients, and was associated with manifest aortic valve disease in univariable logistic regression analysis (OR 2.44, 95% CI [1.23, 4.83]). Conclusions: Aortic dilation is common post-repair of coarctation of the aorta, and is associated with manifest aortic valve disease and thus indirectly with the presence of a bicuspid aortic valve. However, no association was found between aortic dilation and age or blood pressure.

Prevalence of midline cervical spine tenderness in the non-trauma population

2021 ◽  
pp. emermed-2021-211288
Author(s):  
J Scott Delaney ◽  
Ammar Al-Kashmiri ◽  
Abdulaziz Alalshaikh ◽  
Saif Al-Ghafri ◽  
Sanjeet Singh Saluja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Neck Trauma ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Trauma Population ◽  
Spine Imaging ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
National Emergency ◽  
Upper Third

ObjectiveThe Canadian C-Spine Rule (CCR) and the National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) criteria are two commonly used clinical decision rules which use midline cervical spine (c-spine) tenderness on palpation as an indication for c-spine imaging post-trauma. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and location of midline c-spine tenderness in the non-trauma population.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated consenting adult patients presenting to an urban ED or university sport medicine clinic in Montreal, Canada between 2018 and 2020 for atraumatic non-head and neck-related reports over a 20-month period. The presence and location of pain during midline c-spine palpation as assessed by two examiners during separate evaluations was recorded. Patient information such as age, neck length and circumference, gender, body mass index (BMI) and scaphoid tenderness was also collected.ResultsOf 478 patients enrolled, 286 (59.8%) had midline c-spine tenderness on palpation with both examiners. The majority of those with tenderness were female (70.6%). When examining all patients, tenderness was present in the upper third of the c-spine in 128 (26.8%) patients, middle third in 270 (56.5%) patients and lower third in 6 (1.3%) patients. Factors associated with having increased odds of midline c-spine tenderness on palpation included a lower BMI and the presence of scaphoid tenderness on palpation.ConclusionsThere is a high prevalence of c-spine tenderness on palpation in patients who have not undergone head or neck trauma. This finding may help explain the low specificity in some of the validation studies examining the CCR and the NEXUS criteria.

scholarly journals Back to the future: a new look at ‘old’ vitamin D

2008 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene F Chun ◽  
John S Adams ◽  
Martin Hewison
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
Vitamin D Signaling

Our perception of the vitamin D system continues to evolve. Recent studies have re-evaluated the parameters for adequate vitamin D status in humans, revealing a high prevalence of insufficiency in many populations throughout the world. Other reports have highlighted the potential consequences of vitamin D insufficiency beyond established effects on bone homeostasis. Most notably, there is now strong evidence of a role for vitamin D in modulating innate and adaptive immunities, with insufficiency being linked to infectious disease and other immune disorders. To date, signaling pathways for these new responses to vitamin D have been based on established endocrine models for active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, despite present evidence for more localized, intracrine modes of action. In the following review, we provide a fresh perspective on vitamin D signaling in non-classical target cells such as macrophages by highlighting novel factors associated with the transport and action of this pluripotent secosteroid.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Hypertension among Adolescents in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liew JK ◽  
Cheong XP ◽  
Law L ◽  
Teo WH ◽  
Eng SS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Malaysian Adolescents

Introduction: Evidence has shown an increase in paediatric hypertension globally and this could give rise to increase prevalence of adult hypertension. The purpose of this paper was to determine the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents in Malaysia as well as the association between hypertension and lifestyle factors selected based on published literature. Methods: Adolescents aged 13-17 years old were selected randomly from two secondary schools to have their blood pressure measured. Their lifestyle information was obtained through completed bilingual questionnaires based on validated instruments, as well as anthropometry measurements. The relationship between hypertension and lifestyle factors was determined through statistical analysis. Results: A total of 273 students were included in the study with 120 (44%) males and 153 (56%) females. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.5% among the respondents with the highest being recorded among Malays (28.7%). Generally, hypertension was associated with an increased Body Mass Index (BMI) (AOR=4.053, 95%CI=1.677-9.795, p=0.002) and waist circumference (WC) (AOR=2.918, 95%CI=1.171-7.269, p=0.021) in all respondents. Similar associations were noted in females (BMI: AOR=7.707, 95%CI=2.043-29.072, p=0.003; WC: AOR=3.690, 95%CI=1.011-13.464, p=0.048) but not in males. Conclusion: Hypertension recorded high prevalence among Malaysian adolescents in our study. The strong association between elevated body weight, BMI and WC with hypertension may require further study to evaluate the need for screening

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF INTESTINAL PROTOZOAN INFECTIONS AMONG FOOD-HANDLERS IN ERBIL CITY, IRAQ

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (Suppliment-1) ◽  
pp. 1367-1372
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Khudhair Al-Daoody ◽  
Fattma A. Ali ◽  
Lana Barzan Sadiq ◽  
Asma Samer Mamand ◽  
Rawezh Salah Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Handlers ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Protozoan Infections
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