scholarly journals Urban and Suburban Differences in Hypertension Trends and Self-Care: Three Population-Based Cross-Sectional Studies from 2005-2011

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e0117999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Huanhuan Hu ◽  
Zhong Dong ◽  
Jin Xie ◽  
Ying Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

scholarly journals Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041755
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽  
Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Jill E Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4382
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Alex Brito ◽  
Gwenaëlle Le Coroller ◽  
Michel Vaillant ◽  
Hanen Samouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Group ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Total Fat

Background: A balanced diet is an important lifestyle component and has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Objectives: To assess dietary intake of adult residents in Luxembourg taking part in two population-based cross-sectional studies (ORISCAV-LUX, 2007–2008 and ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017). Methods: Dietary intake of the study participants (1242 in 2007/08 and 1326 in 2016/17), 25–69 years old, were evaluated using food-frequency questionnaires (134 items in 2007/2008 and 174 items in 2016/2017) according to the French ANSES-CIQUAL food composition database. Both food-group- and nutrient-based analyses were conducted. Results: Dietary patterns in ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017, were characterized by an increase in the estimated marginal means (EMM) of the intake of energy, total fat, saturated fatty acids, alcohol, and decreased EMM of total carbohydrates, magnesium, and calcium compared to 2007/08. We also observed an increased EMM of the intake of protein-rich food items and ready-to-eat foods/fast foods, together with a decreased intake of grains, dairy products, and vegetables (all p-values <0.05, linear mixed models). The intake of most micronutrients was stable or slightly increased in ORISCAV-LUX 2 vs. ORISCAV-LUX, except for the drop in magnesium and calcium, and generally met recommendations, in particular, EFSA population reference intakes (PRI), except for vitamin D. Conclusions: Though most micronutrient recommendations were met, nutrient consumption in terms of high energy, total fat, and sodium, as well as low carbohydrates, were not aligned with recommendations for balanced eating.

scholarly journals Trends in excess weight and thinness among Spanish schoolchildren in the period 1992–2004: the Cuenca study

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno ◽  
Mairena Sánchez López ◽  
Pablo Moya Martínez ◽  
Montserrat Solera Martinez ◽  
Blanca Notario Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Spanish ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Dual Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Frequent Problem

AbstractBackgroundIn developed countries, there is abundant information on the epidemic of childhood obesity, but only a few studies on trends in the dual burden of body weight (overweight and thinness).ObjectiveTo examine trends in overweight and thinness among 9–10-year-old Spanish children in the last decade.MethodsData were taken from cross-sectional studies on schoolchildren in Cuenca (Spain), conducted in 1992, 1996, 1998 and 2004 with similar methods. Weight and height were measured by trained personnel with standardized procedures. Overweight (including obesity) and thinness were defined according with the International Obesity Taskforce BMI cut-offs.ResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight increased from 24·4 % in 1992 to 30·9 % in 2004 (P = 0·07), rising from 21·2 % in 1992 to 32·0 % in 2004 (P = 0·03) among boys and from 27·7 % to 29·8 % (P = 0·67) among girls. The overall prevalence of thinness was 2·7 % in 1992 and 9·2 % in 2004 (P < 0·001); in the same period, thinness prevalence rose from 1·9 % to 9·0 % (P = 0·10) among boys and from 3·7 % to 9·5 % (P < 0·01) among girls.ConclusionsThe dual burden of body weight has increased among children in Cuenca in the last decade. Population-based policies addressing childhood obesity, which is the most frequent problem, should not increase the risk of thinness.

scholarly journals The Migraine-Anxiety Comorbidity Among Migraineurs: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Karimi ◽  
Tissa Wijeratne ◽  
Sheila Gillard Crewther ◽  
Andrew E. Evans ◽  
Deena Ebaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Migraine is recognized as a neurological condition that is often associated with comorbid psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and/or panic disorder. Though some studies have demonstrated the link between migraine and anxiety disorders, there are no systematic reviews that have been published in this area to summarize the evidence. The aim of the present study is to systematically review the literature associated with comorbidity of migraine and anxiety disorders among migraineurs compared to non-migraineurs.Methods: The present systematic review included population-based, cohort and cross-sectional studies if they were reporting the frequency of migraine with either anxiety or depression as diagnosed by a medical practitioner according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2/3).Results: Eight eligible studies from 2060 relevant citations were included in the review. All participants were migraine patients from both primary care and outpatient settings, as well as tertiary headache and anxiety centers, and were compared to non-migraineurs. The results of the systematic review showed that there is a strong and consistent relationship between migraine and anxiety. The co-morbidity of co-occurrence for migraine and anxiety has an average OR of 2.33 (2.20–2.47) among the prevalence and cross sectional studies and an average RR of 1.63 (1.37–1.93) for two cohort studies; The major limitations of included studies were small sample sizes and a lack of adjusting of confounding factors.Conclusion: The results highlight the need for inclusion of an anxiety screening tool during initial assessments of migraine patients by medical practitioners and/or physicians and may explain why some anxiolytic medications work better than others for migraine mitigation.

scholarly journals Pubertal Progression and Reproductive Hormones in Healthy Girls With Transient Thelarche

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Lindhardt Johansen ◽  
Casper P. Hagen ◽  
Mikkel G. Mieritz ◽  
Ole D. Wolthers ◽  
Carsten Heuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Context: Detailed evaluation of pubertal progression in girls from longitudinal studies is sparse, and the phenomenon of transient thelarche (TT), defined as the appearance, regression, and subsequent reappearance of breast buds, in healthy girls remains undescribed. Objective: To describe TT in terms of pubertal progression, growth, genotypes, and reproductive hormones and to apply new puberty nomograms for breast stages, pubic hair, and menarche. Design: A prospective, longitudinal population-based study. Patients or Other Participants: Ninety-eight healthy Danish schoolchildren (Caucasian girls) followed longitudinally as part of the COPENHAGEN Puberty Study were included in the evaluation of TT. A total of 1466 girls from 2 cross-sectional studies were included in the creation of the puberty nomograms. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Pubertal progression, specifically thelarche, reproductive hormones, genotype, and growth. Results: Twelve of 98 (12%) girls experienced TT. A larger proportion of girls with TT entered puberty by the pubarche pathway (50%) compared with girls with normal progression (15.4%), P = 0.014. Girls with TT progressed through puberty normally when evaluated using puberty nomograms. Reproductive hormones and growth velocity were lower at the first (transient) thelarche than the second (permanent) thelarche. Conclusion: TT is a frequent phenomenon that appears to be a peripheral occurrence independent of central puberty. It does not appear to affect subsequent pubertal progression as evaluated by our new puberty nomograms.

scholarly journals Is musculoskeletal pain more common now than 40 years ago?: two population-based cross-sectional studies

Rheumatology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 890-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Harkness ◽  
G. J. Macfarlane ◽  
A. J. Silman ◽  
J. McBeth
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

scholarly journals Relation between fasting glucose and retinopathy for diagnosis of diabetes: three population-based cross-sectional studies

The Lancet ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 371 (9614) ◽  
pp. 736-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Y Wong ◽  
Gerald Liew ◽  
Robyn J Tapp ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Jie Jin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

scholarly journals The 1st year of the COVID-19 epidemic in Estonia: an interrupted time series of population based nationwide cross-sectional studies.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Uuskula ◽  
Ruth Kalda ◽  
Mihkel Solvak ◽  
Mikk Jurisson ◽  
Meelis Kaarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
The Russian Language

Background Decisions about the continued need for control measures and the effect of introducing COVID-19 vaccinations rely on accurate and population-based data on SARS-CoV-2 positivity and risk factors for testing positive. Methods In this interrupted time series of population-based nationwide cross-sectional studies, data from nasopharyngeal testing and questionnaires were used to estimate the SARS-CoV-2 RNA prevalence and factors associated with test positivity over the 1st year of the COVID-19 epidemic. The study is registered with the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10182320. Results Between April 23, 2020 and February 2, 2021, results were available from 34,915 individuals and 27,870 samples from 11 consecutive studies. The percentage of people testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 decreased from 0.27% (95% CI 0.10% - 0.59%) in April to 0.04% (95% CI 0.00% - 0.22%) by the end of May and remained very low (0.01%, 95% CI 0.00% - 0.17%) until the end of August, followed by an increase since November (0.37%, 95% CI 0.18% - 0.68%) that escalated to 2.69% (95% CI 2.08% - 2.69%) in January 2021. In addition to substantial change in time, an increasing number of household members (for one additional OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.29), reporting current symptoms of COVID-19 (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.59-3.09), and completing questionnaire in the Russian language (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.15-2.99) were associated with increased odds for SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 population prevalence needs to be carefully monitored as vaccine programmes are rolled out in order to inform containment decisions.

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