Trends in excess weight and thinness among Spanish schoolchildren in the period 1992–2004: the Cuenca study

AbstractBackgroundIn developed countries, there is abundant information on the epidemic of childhood obesity, but only a few studies on trends in the dual burden of body weight (overweight and thinness).ObjectiveTo examine trends in overweight and thinness among 9–10-year-old Spanish children in the last decade.MethodsData were taken from cross-sectional studies on schoolchildren in Cuenca (Spain), conducted in 1992, 1996, 1998 and 2004 with similar methods. Weight and height were measured by trained personnel with standardized procedures. Overweight (including obesity) and thinness were defined according with the International Obesity Taskforce BMI cut-offs.ResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight increased from 24·4 % in 1992 to 30·9 % in 2004 (P = 0·07), rising from 21·2 % in 1992 to 32·0 % in 2004 (P = 0·03) among boys and from 27·7 % to 29·8 % (P = 0·67) among girls. The overall prevalence of thinness was 2·7 % in 1992 and 9·2 % in 2004 (P < 0·001); in the same period, thinness prevalence rose from 1·9 % to 9·0 % (P = 0·10) among boys and from 3·7 % to 9·5 % (P < 0·01) among girls.ConclusionsThe dual burden of body weight has increased among children in Cuenca in the last decade. Population-based policies addressing childhood obesity, which is the most frequent problem, should not increase the risk of thinness.

Download Full-text

Dietary Intake of Adult Residents in Luxembourg Taking Part in Two Cross-Sectional Studies—ORISCAV-LUX (2007–2008) and ORISCAV-LUX 2 (2016–2017)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124382 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4382

Author(s):

Farhad Vahid ◽

Alex Brito ◽

Gwenaëlle Le Coroller ◽

Michel Vaillant ◽

Hanen Samouda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Food Group ◽

High Energy ◽

Population Based ◽

Food Composition ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

Total Fat

Background: A balanced diet is an important lifestyle component and has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases. Objectives: To assess dietary intake of adult residents in Luxembourg taking part in two population-based cross-sectional studies (ORISCAV-LUX, 2007–2008 and ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017). Methods: Dietary intake of the study participants (1242 in 2007/08 and 1326 in 2016/17), 25–69 years old, were evaluated using food-frequency questionnaires (134 items in 2007/2008 and 174 items in 2016/2017) according to the French ANSES-CIQUAL food composition database. Both food-group- and nutrient-based analyses were conducted. Results: Dietary patterns in ORISCAV-LUX 2, 2016–2017, were characterized by an increase in the estimated marginal means (EMM) of the intake of energy, total fat, saturated fatty acids, alcohol, and decreased EMM of total carbohydrates, magnesium, and calcium compared to 2007/08. We also observed an increased EMM of the intake of protein-rich food items and ready-to-eat foods/fast foods, together with a decreased intake of grains, dairy products, and vegetables (all p-values <0.05, linear mixed models). The intake of most micronutrients was stable or slightly increased in ORISCAV-LUX 2 vs. ORISCAV-LUX, except for the drop in magnesium and calcium, and generally met recommendations, in particular, EFSA population reference intakes (PRI), except for vitamin D. Conclusions: Though most micronutrient recommendations were met, nutrient consumption in terms of high energy, total fat, and sodium, as well as low carbohydrates, were not aligned with recommendations for balanced eating.

Download Full-text

PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT POPULATION OF HAYATABAD PESHAWAR

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat ◽

10.52206/jsmc.2015.5.1.644-647 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 644-647

Author(s):

SARA GUL ◽

ATIF HUSSAIN ◽

KASHIF UR REHMAN KHALIL ◽

IMRANULLAH ◽

MUHAMMAD ISHTIAQ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Communicable Disease ◽

Adult Population ◽

Positive Association ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

History Of ◽

Study Population

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.

Download Full-text

The Migraine-Anxiety Comorbidity Among Migraineurs: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2020.613372 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Leila Karimi ◽

Tissa Wijeratne ◽

Sheila Gillard Crewther ◽

Andrew E. Evans ◽

Deena Ebaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Medical Practitioner ◽

Population Based ◽

Small Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Background: Migraine is recognized as a neurological condition that is often associated with comorbid psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and/or panic disorder. Though some studies have demonstrated the link between migraine and anxiety disorders, there are no systematic reviews that have been published in this area to summarize the evidence. The aim of the present study is to systematically review the literature associated with comorbidity of migraine and anxiety disorders among migraineurs compared to non-migraineurs.Methods: The present systematic review included population-based, cohort and cross-sectional studies if they were reporting the frequency of migraine with either anxiety or depression as diagnosed by a medical practitioner according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2/3).Results: Eight eligible studies from 2060 relevant citations were included in the review. All participants were migraine patients from both primary care and outpatient settings, as well as tertiary headache and anxiety centers, and were compared to non-migraineurs. The results of the systematic review showed that there is a strong and consistent relationship between migraine and anxiety. The co-morbidity of co-occurrence for migraine and anxiety has an average OR of 2.33 (2.20–2.47) among the prevalence and cross sectional studies and an average RR of 1.63 (1.37–1.93) for two cohort studies; The major limitations of included studies were small sample sizes and a lack of adjusting of confounding factors.Conclusion: The results highlight the need for inclusion of an anxiety screening tool during initial assessments of migraine patients by medical practitioners and/or physicians and may explain why some anxiolytic medications work better than others for migraine mitigation.

Download Full-text

Erratum re: prevalence of overweight and obesity in East and West German children in the decade after reunification: population-based series of cross-sectional studies

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech.2009.107557 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 86-86

Author(s):

C. J. Apfelbacher ◽

U. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

East And West ◽

German Children

Download Full-text

Epidemiology of leisure-time physical activity: a population-based study in southern Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2005000100030 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa ◽

Pedro Curi Hallal ◽

Jonathan Charles Kingdon Wells ◽

Tiago Daltoé ◽

Sandra Costa Fuchs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Skin Color ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Economic Status ◽

Adult Population ◽

Female Gender ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional

We aimed to measure the prevalence of physical inactivity (PI) during leisure time and to identify variables associated with it in a southern Brazilian adult population. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out, covering a multiple-stage sample of 1,968 subjects aged 20-69 years. Weekly participation in leisure-time physical activity was addressed. For each activity, energy expenditure was calculated using data on duration, metabolic equivalent, and body weight. Energy expenditures of individual activities were summed to give a weekly total. PI was defined as fewer than 1,000 kilocalories per week. The prevalence of PI was 80.7% (95%CI: 78.9-82.4). After adjusted analyses, the following variables were positively associated with the outcome: female gender, age, living with a partner, and smoking. Schooling and economic status were inversely associated with PI. Chronically undernourished individuals were significantly more likely to be inactive. We found no differences according to skin color or alcohol consumption. In conclusion, the prevalence of PI in this adult population was higher than in populations from developed countries, but the associated variables were similar.

Download Full-text

Pubertal Progression and Reproductive Hormones in Healthy Girls With Transient Thelarche

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2016-2871 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 1001-1008 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marie Lindhardt Johansen ◽

Casper P. Hagen ◽

Mikkel G. Mieritz ◽

Ole D. Wolthers ◽

Carsten Heuck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measure ◽

Population Based ◽

Pubic Hair ◽

Reproductive Hormones ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Main Outcome Measure ◽

Detailed Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Context: Detailed evaluation of pubertal progression in girls from longitudinal studies is sparse, and the phenomenon of transient thelarche (TT), defined as the appearance, regression, and subsequent reappearance of breast buds, in healthy girls remains undescribed. Objective: To describe TT in terms of pubertal progression, growth, genotypes, and reproductive hormones and to apply new puberty nomograms for breast stages, pubic hair, and menarche. Design: A prospective, longitudinal population-based study. Patients or Other Participants: Ninety-eight healthy Danish schoolchildren (Caucasian girls) followed longitudinally as part of the COPENHAGEN Puberty Study were included in the evaluation of TT. A total of 1466 girls from 2 cross-sectional studies were included in the creation of the puberty nomograms. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Pubertal progression, specifically thelarche, reproductive hormones, genotype, and growth. Results: Twelve of 98 (12%) girls experienced TT. A larger proportion of girls with TT entered puberty by the pubarche pathway (50%) compared with girls with normal progression (15.4%), P = 0.014. Girls with TT progressed through puberty normally when evaluated using puberty nomograms. Reproductive hormones and growth velocity were lower at the first (transient) thelarche than the second (permanent) thelarche. Conclusion: TT is a frequent phenomenon that appears to be a peripheral occurrence independent of central puberty. It does not appear to affect subsequent pubertal progression as evaluated by our new puberty nomograms.

Download Full-text