scholarly journals Heat stress modifies the lactational performances and the urinary metabolomic profile related to gastrointestinal microbiota of dairy goats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0202457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Contreras-Jodar ◽  
Nazri Hj. Nayan ◽  
Soufiane Hamzaoui ◽  
Gerardo Caja ◽  
Ahmed A. K. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota

scholarly journals Heat stress modifies the lactational performances and the urinary metabolomic profile related to gastrointestinal microbiota of dairy goats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Contreras-Jodar ◽  
Nazri Nayan ◽  
Soufiane Hamzaoui ◽  
Gerardo Caja ◽  
Ahmed A.K. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
H Nmr

AbstractThe aim of the study was to identify the candidate biomarkers of heat stress (HS) in the urine of lactating dairy goats through the application of proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomic analysis. Dairy does (n = 16) in mid-lactation were submitted to thermal neutral (TN; indoors; 15 to 20°C; 40 to 45% humidity) or HS (climatic chamber; 37°C day, 30°C night; 40% humidity) conditions according to a crossover design (2 periods of 21 days). Thermophysiological traits and lactational performances were recorded and milk composition analyzed during each period. Urine samples were collected at day 15 of each period for 1H NMR spectroscopy analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square–discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) assessment with cross validation were used to identify the goat urinary metabolome from Human Metabolome Data Base. HS increased rectal temperature (1.2°C), respiratory rate (3.5-fold) and water intake (74%), but decreased feed intake (35%) and body weight (5%) of the lactating does. No differences were detected in milk yield, but HS decreased the milk contents of fat (9%), protein (16%) and lactose (5%). Metabolomics allowed separating TN and HS urinary clusters by PLS-DA. Most discriminating metabolites were hippurate and other phenylalanine (Phe) derivative compounds, which increased in HS vs. TN does. The greater excretion of these gut-derived toxic compounds indicated that HS induced a harmful gastrointestinal microbiota overgrowth, which should have sequestrated aromatic amino acids for their metabolism and decreased the synthesis of neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones, with negative impact on milk yield and composition. In conclusion, HS markedly changed the thermophysiological traits and lactational performances of dairy goats, which were translated into their urinary metabolomic profile through the presence of gut-derived toxic compounds. Hippurate and other Phe-derivative compounds are suggested as urinary biomarkers to detect heat stressed dairy animals in practice.

scholarly journals Physiological responses and lactational performances of late-lactation dairy goats under heat stress conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 6355-6365 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hamzaoui ◽  
A.A.K. Salama ◽  
E. Albanell ◽  
X. Such ◽  
G. Caja
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dairy Goats

1277 Milk metabolomics of dairy goats with mammary inflammation under heat stress conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 616-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Love ◽  
A. Salama ◽  
N. Mehaba ◽  
G. Caja
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dairy Goats

scholarly journals Effect of Soybean Oil Supplementation on Milk Production, Digestibility, and Metabolism in Dairy Goats under Thermoneutral and Heat Stress Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Soufiane Hamzaoui ◽  
Gerardo Caja ◽  
Xavier Such ◽  
Elena Albanell ◽  
Ahmed A. K. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Protein Content

In a previous work, we observed that heat-stressed goats suffer reductions in milk yield and its contents of fat and protein. Supplementation with soybean oil (SBO) may be a useful strategy to enhance milk quality. In total, eight multiparous Murciano–Granadina dairy goats (42.8 ± 1.3 kg body weight; 99 ± 1 days of lactation) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with four periods; 21 d each (14 d adaptation, 5 d for measurements and 2 d transition between periods). Goats were allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were no oil (CON) or 4% of soybean oil (SBO), and controlled thermal neutral (TN; 15 to 20 °C) or heat stress (HS; 12 h/d at 37 °C and 12 h/d at 30 °C) conditions. This resulted in four treatment combinations: TN-CON, TN-SBO, HS-CON, and HS-SBO. Compared to TN, HS goats experienced lower (p < 0.05) feed intake, body weight, N retention, milk yield, and milk protein and lactose contents. However, goats in HS conditions had greater (p < 0.05) digestibility coefficients (+5.1, +5.2, +4.6, +7.0, and +8.9 points for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, respectively) than TN goats. The response to SBO had the same magnitude in TN and HS conditions. Supplementation with SBO had no effects on feed intake, milk yield, or milk protein content. However, SBO supplementation increased (p < 0.05) blood non-esterified fatty acids by 50%, milk fat by 29%, and conjugated linoleic acid by 360%. In conclusion, feeding 4% SBO to dairy goats was a useful strategy to increase milk fat and conjugated linoleic acid without any negative effects on intake, milk yield, or milk protein content. These beneficial effects were obtained regardless goats were in TN or HS conditions.

scholarly journals Milk yield, milk composition, and milk metabolomics of dairy goats intramammary-challenged with lipopolysaccharide under heat stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. K. Salama ◽  
Alexandra Contreras-Jodar ◽  
Samantha Love ◽  
Nabil Mehaba ◽  
Xavier Such ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dairy Goats

scholarly journals Yeast Culture and Vitamin E Supplementation Alleviates Heat Stress in Dairy Goats

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhi Wang ◽  
Zhisheng Wang ◽  
Huawei Zou ◽  
Quanhui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

scholarly journals Milk Production and Energetic Metabolism of Heat-Stressed Dairy Goats Supplemented with Propylene Glycol

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2449
Author(s):  
Soufiane Hamzaoui ◽  
Gerardo Caja ◽  
Xavier Such ◽  
Elena Albanell ◽  
Ahmed A. K. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Milk Fat Depression

Heat-stressed dairy animals increase their reliance on glucose. This elevated glucose demand is partially met by increasing the conversion of glucogenic amino acids (AA) in the liver. Propylene glycol (PG) is a glucogenic precursor and was not tested in dairy goats under thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) conditions simultaneously. We hypothesize that if HS-goats are fed with PG, they would get more glucose and consequently spare more glucogenic AA for milk protein synthesis rather than gluconeogenesis. Eight multiparous dairy goats (40.8 ± 1.1 kg body weight; 84 ± 1 days in milk) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design of 4 periods; 21 d each (14 d adaptation, 5 d for measurements, and 2 d of transition). Goats were allocated to one of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were control (CO) without PG or 5% of PG, and thermoneutral (TN; 15 to 20 °C) or heat stress (HS; 12 h/d at 37 °C and 12 h/d at 30 °C) conditions. Feed intake, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, milk yield, milk composition, and blood metabolites were measured. Compared to TN, HS goats had lower (p < 0.01) feed intake (–34%), fat-corrected milk (–15%), and milk fat (–15%). Heat-stressed goats also tended (p < 0.10) to produce milk with lower protein (–11%) and lactose (–4%) contents. Propylene glycol increased blood glucose (+7%; p < 0.05), blood insulin (+37%; p < 0.10), and body weight gain (+68%; p < 0.05), but decreased feed intake (–9%; p < 0.10) and milk fat content (–23%; p < 0.01). Furthermore, blood non-esterified fatty acids (–49%) and β-hydroxybutyrate (–32%) decreased (p < 0.05) by PG. In conclusion, supplementation of heat-stressed dairy goats with propylene glycol caused milk fat depression syndrome, but reduced body weight loss that is typically observed under HS conditions. Supplementation with lower doses of PG would avoid the reduced feed intake and milk fat depression, but this should be tested.

scholarly journals Prenatal heat stress effects on gestation and postnatal behavior in kid goats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Coloma-García ◽  
Nabil Mehaba ◽  
Pol Llonch ◽  
Gerardo Caja ◽  
Xavier Such ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Arena Test ◽  
Growing Goats

AbstractConsequences of heat stress during pregnancy can affect the normal development of the offspring. In the present experiment, 30 Murciano-Granadina dairy goats (41.8 ± 5.7 kg) were exposed to 2 thermal environments varying in temperature-humidity index (THI) from 12 days before mating to 45 days of gestation. The environmental conditions were: gestation thermal-neutral (GTN; THI = 71 ± 3); and gestation heat stress (GHS; THI = 85 ± 3). At 27 ± 4 days old, GTN-born female kids (n = 16) and GHS-born ones (n = 10) were subjected to 2 tests: arena test (AT) and novel object test (NOT), the latter was repeated at 3 months of age. Additionally, 8 months after birth, a subset of growing goats (n = 8) coming from GTN and GHS (16.8 ± 3.4 kg BW) were exposed consecutively to 2 environmental conditions: a basal thermal-neutral period (THI = 72 ± 3) for 7 days, and a heat-stress period (THI = 87 ± 2) for 21 days. In both periods, feeding behavior, resting behavior, other active behaviors (exploring, grooming), thermally-associated behaviors and posture were recorded. The gestation length was shortened by 3 days in GHS goats. In the AT, GHS kids showed a lower number of sniffs (P < 0.01) compared to GTN. In the NOT, GHS kids also tended to show a lower number of sniffs (P = 0.09). During heat exposure, GTN and GHS growing goats spent more time resting as well as exhibited more heat-stress related behaviors such as panting and drinking (P < 0.001); however, no differences were observed between both groups. In conclusion, heat stress during the first third of pregnancy shortened gestation length and influenced the exploratory behavior of the kids in the early life without impact on the behavior during the adulthood when exposed to heat stress.

scholarly journals Use of Principal Component Analysis to Combine Genetic Merit for Heat Stress and for Fat and Protein Yield in Spanish Autochthonous Dairy Goat Breeds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Alberto Menéndez-Buxadera ◽  
Eva Muñoz-Mejías ◽  
Manuel Sánchez ◽  
Juan Manuel Serradilla ◽  
Antonio Molina
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Dairy Goats

We studied the effect of the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) (i.e., the average of temperature and relative humidity registered at meteorological stations) closest to the farms taken during the test day (TD), for total daily protein and fat yields (fpy) of the three main Spanish dairy goats. The data were from Florida (11,244 animals and 126,825 TD), Malagueña (12,215 animals and 141,856 TD) and Murciano Granadina (5162 animals and 62,834 TD) breeding programs and were studied by different linear models to estimate the nature of the fpy response throughout the THI and the weeks of lactation (Days in Milk, DIM) trajectories. The results showed an antagonism between THI and DIM, with a marked depression in the fpy level in animals kept in the hot zone of the THI values (THI > 25) compared with those in the cold zone (THI ≤ 16), with a negative impact equivalent to production of 13 to 30 days. We used a Reaction Norm model (RN), including THI and DIM as fixed covariates and a Test Day Model (TDM), to estimate the genetic (co)variance components. The heritability and genetic correlations estimated with RN and TDM showed a decreased pattern along the scale of THI and DIM, with slight differences between breeds, meaning that there was significant genetic variability in the animal’s ability to react to different levels of THI, which is not constant throughout the DIM, showing the existence of genotype-environment interaction. The breeding values (BV) of all animals for each level of THI and DIM were subject to a principal component analysis, and the results showed that 89 to 98% of the variance between the BV was explained by the two first eigenvalues. The standardized BV were weighted with the corresponding eigenvector coefficients to construct an index that showed, in a single indicator, the most complete expression of the existing genetic variability in the animals’ ability to produce fpy along the trajectories of THI and DIM. This new option will make it easier to select animals which are more productive, and with better adaptability to heat stress, as well as enabling us to exploit genetic variations in the form of the response to heat stress to be adapted to different production systems.

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