scholarly journals Retrospective development of a novel resilience indicator using existing cohort data: The adolescent to adult health resilience instrument

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243564
Author(s):  
Diana Montoya-Williams ◽  
Molly Passarella ◽  
Scott A. Lorch
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Existing Data

Background Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience indicator using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants. Methods Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N = 15,701) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales. Results Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and those who reported lower levels of education and household income. Conclusions It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience indicator from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available.

scholarly journals Retrospective Development of a Novel Resilience Scale using Existing Cohort Data: The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Montoya-Williams ◽  
Molly Passarella ◽  
Scott A Lorch
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Existing Data

Abstract Background: Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience scale using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants. Methods: Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N=9852) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales. Results: Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and younger participants. Resilience scores increased with increasing education and household income. Conclusions: It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience scale from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available. Keywords: resilience, validation, Add Health, scale development

scholarly journals Retrospective Development of a Novel Resilience Scale using Existing Cohort Data: The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Montoya-Williams ◽  
Molly Passarella ◽  
Scott A Lorch
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Existing Data

Abstract Background: Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience scale using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants. Methods: Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N=9852) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales. Results: Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and younger participants. Resilience scores increased with increasing education and household income. Conclusions: It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience scale from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese Version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised: A Preliminary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Hirohito Tsuboi ◽  
Yui Takakura ◽  
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi ◽  
Sakae Miyagi ◽  
Keita Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Population

To make the Japanese version of the CESD-R—a revised version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale (CES-D)—in the assessment of depressive symptoms in a general population. The English version of CESD-R was translated into Japanese, and back-translated into English by three native speakers of Japanese and English; then, we selected the version most completely consistent with the original items. The CESD-R was applied to 398 community-dwelling people (191 men: 48.0%, and 207 women: 52.0%) who were over 40 years old. The Japanese version of the CES-D was also carried out in the same population. Factor analysis was performed. Additionally, the correlations between the CESD-R and CES-D results were identified. The CESD-R scores showed a significantly positive correlation with CES-D scores (r = 0.74, p < 0.0005). Analysis of the CESD-R yielded a Cronbach’s alpha result of 0.90. Factor analysis revealed one principal factor in the CESD-R, whereas the original CES-D had two factors because of reversed items. The Japanese version of the CESD-R appears to have the reliability to be applicable for assessing depressive symptoms in population-based samples. However, because the Japanese expressions for some items might be unusual, our study population was also limited; further studies on other populations and on incorporating improved Japanese terminology will be needed.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the latent structure of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) amongst adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Blodgett ◽  
Chantelle C. Lachance ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Melissa Co ◽  
Yu-Tzu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a commonly used psychometric scale of depression. A four-factor structure (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal difficulties) was initially identified in an American sample aged 18 to 65. Despite emerging evidence, a latent structure has not been established in adolescents. This review aimed to investigate the factor structure of the CES-D in adolescents. Methods We searched Web of Science, PsychINFO and Scopus and included peer-reviewed, original studies assessing the factor structure of the 20-item CES-D in adolescents aged ≤18. Two independent researchers screened results and extracted data. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were primarily from school-based samples in the USA or Asia. Studies that conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 9) reported a four-factor structure consistent with the original factor structure; these studies were primarily USA-based. Conversely, studies that conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) reported distinct two or three factor structures (n = 4) and were primarily based in Asia. Limitations Studies in a non-English language and those that included individuals aged > 18 years were excluded. Ethnic or cultural differences as well as different analytical methods impacted generalisability of results. The use of CFA as the primary analysis may have biased towards a four-factor structure. Conclusions A four-factor CES-D structure was an appropriate fit for adolescents in Western countries; further research is required to determine the fit in in Asian countries. This has important implications for clinical use of the scale. Future research should consider how cultural differences shape the experience of depression in adolescents.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the 25-Item Connor-Davison Resilience Scale: Preliminary Data for a Romanian Military Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Iulia-Clarisa Giurcă ◽  
Adriana Baban ◽  
Sebastian Pintea ◽  
Bianca Macavei
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

AbstractThe following study is aimed at investigating the construct validity of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 25) on a Romanian military population. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 434 male military participants, aged between 24 and 50 years (M = 34.83, S.D. = 6.14) and the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on a sample of 679 military participants, of 605 men and 74 women, aged between 18 and 59 years (M = 38.37, S.D. = 9.07). Factor analysis of the scale showed it to be a bidimensional, rather than a multidimensional instrument, as the original five-factor structure was not replicated in this military Romanian sample. Moreover, EFAs suggested that a 14-item bidimensional model should be retained and CFA confirmed that this model fit the data best.

scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms and Resilience among Pregnant Adolescents: A Case-Control Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Salazar-Pousada ◽  
Dalton Arroyo ◽  
Luis Hidalgo ◽  
Faustino R. Pérez-López ◽  
Peter Chedraui
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Pregnant Adolescents ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Background. Data regarding depression and resilience among adolescents is still lacking.Objective. To assess depressive symptoms and resilience among pregnant adolescents.Method. Depressive symptoms and resilience were assessed using two validated inventories, the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CESD-10) and the 14-item Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (RS), respectively. A case-control approach was used to compare differences between adolescents and adults.Results. A total of 302 pregnant women were enrolled in the study, 151 assigned to each group. Overall, 56.6% of gravids presented total CESD-10 scores 10 or more indicating depressed mood. Despite this, total CESD-10 scores and depressed mood rate did not differ among studied groups. Adolescents did however display lower resilience reflected by lower total RS scores and a higher rate of scores below the calculated median (P<.05). Logistic regression analysis could not establish any risk factor for depressed mood among studied subjects; however, having an adolescent partner (OR, 2.0 CI 95% 1.06–4.0,P=.03) and a preterm delivery (OR, 3.0 CI 95% 1.43–6.55,P=.004) related to a higher risk for lower resilience.Conclusion. In light of the findings of the present study, programs oriented at giving adolescents support before, during, and after pregnancy should be encouraged.

Avoidance and Activation as Keys to Depression: Adaptation of the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale in a Spanish Sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 998-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Barraca ◽  
Marino Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
José Héctor Lozano Bleda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
English Version ◽  
Original English Version ◽  
Four Dimensions

In this paper we present the adaptation of the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS), developed by Kanter, Mulick, Busch, Berlin, and Martell (2007), in a Spanish sample. The psychometric properties were tested in a sample of 263 participants (124 clinical and 139 non-clinical). The results show that, just as in the original English version, the Spanish BADS is a valid and internally consistent scale. Construct validity was examined by correlation with the BDI-II, AAQ, ATQ, MCQ-30, STAI and EROS. Factor analysis justified the four-dimensions of the original instrument (Activation, Avoidance/Rumination, Work/School Impairment and Social Impairment), although with some differences in the factor loadings of the items. Further considerations about the usefulness of the BADS in the clinical treatment of depressed patients are also suggested.

scholarly journals Factor Structure and Invariance Analysis of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) in a Brazilian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Faro ◽  
◽  
Daiane Nunes dos Santos ◽  
William W. Eaton ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Reliability Indicators ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Introduction: The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R) was developed to provide an efficient screening scale for depression syndrome, mimicking the original CESD, one of the most widely used screening tools to measure depressive symptoms globally. This investigation examined the factor structure of the CESD-R with a non-clinical Brazilian population. Method: We performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of two adult samples, and also conducted invariance analysis by sex and place of residence of the participants. The full sample consisted of 1,427 adults, divided into two groups. The first sample (n = 400) was used for the EFA and the second sample (n = 1027) for the CFA. Results: The EFA indicated an internal structure composed of a single factor, which explained 53.2% of the variance. The CFA attested to the unidimensionality of the measure. Fit indices and reliability indicators showed values higher than expected, without modifications in the initial structure. The model was invariant in relation to the variables investigated at four different levels (configural, metric, scalar, and strict). Conclusions: Our findings support the utility of the CESD-R and suggest its validity for application to the Brazilian population in general.

scholarly journals Causal relationship between occupational dysfunction and depression in healthcare workers: A study using structural equation model

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsumi Teraoka ◽  
Makoto Kyougoku
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Causal Sequence ◽  
Occupational Dysfunction

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the impacts of occupational dysfunction on depression in healthcare workers (nurses, physical therapists, and occupational therapists) in hospitals. Methods: Healthcare workers responded to a questionnaire based on the Classification and Assessment of Occupational Dysfunction (CAOD) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). CAOD and CES-D were examined using the following methods: descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a causal sequence model. Results: CFA of CAOD had 16 items and 5 factors (CFI=0.958, TLI=0.946, RMSEA＝0.092). CFA of CES-D had 20 items and 4 factors (CFI=0.950, TLI=0.942, RMSEA=0.060). The results suggest that occupational dysfunction had positive causal effects on depression (CFI=0.926, TLI=0.920, RMSEA=0.059). Conclusion: This model refers to the relationship between depression and occupational dysfunction. Therefore, assessment and intervention on classification of occupational dysfunction for healthcare workers would be beneficial in the prevention of depression.

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