Social representations and interface layout: A new way of enhancing persuasive technology applied to organ donation

Although campaigns promoting organ donation have proved their effectiveness, increasing the number of people who explicitly agree to become donors is still difficult. Based on the social marketing notion of persuasive technology, we reasoned that it was timely to focus on the design of this persuasive technology and to analyze its contribution in particularly challenging contexts such as organ donation. More specifically, the originality of the present study lay in the way we linked the field of persuasive technology to the theory of social representations, and combined them with an analysis of the ergonomic aspects of interface layout. This study had two complementary goals. The first was to determine whether the sociocognitive salience of the central elements of social representations (i.e., the most frequent and important themes related to the subject—here, organ donation—for individuals), can be used to achieve persuasive outcomes. The second was to determine whether interface layout, in terms of information location and background characteristics (color and contrast), can strengthen the persuasive impact. University students (N > 200) were exposed to a computer screen displaying a message involving either central or peripheral elements of the social representations of organ donation (status), placed either in the middle or on one side of the screen (location), and shown against either a white or a blue background (background). Eye-tracking data were recorded, in addition to self-reported data. In line with the elaboration likelihood model, results showed that participants who were exposed to central (vs. peripheral) elements of the social representations of organ donation followed the central route in processing information. Moreover, they had stronger attitudes, and more of them stated that they were actual organ donors. Importantly, however, at least for some variables, these status-related effects were not independent of the interface layout. More specifically, the persuasive impact of the central elements was enhanced when the information was displayed in the middle (vs. the side) of the screen and when it was displayed on a white (vs. blue) background. We discuss the theoretical and practical issues raised by these results.

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Quantitative and qualitative centrality of a social representation's core elements: The use of the Basic Cognitive Schemes model

Journal of Social and Political Psychology ◽

10.5964/jspp.v8i1.771 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 351-367

Author(s):

Mioara Cristea ◽

Jose Francisco Valencia ◽

Mihai Curelaru

Keyword(s):

European Integration ◽

Internal Structure ◽

Social Representations ◽

Social Representation ◽

Bcs Model ◽

Core Theory ◽

The Social ◽

Central Elements ◽

Core Elements ◽

Practical Implications

The general aim of this research was to investigate the use of the Basic Cognitive Schemes (BCS) model in examining the qualitative vs. quantitative centrality of a social representation’s (SR) core elements. Firstly, we examined the internal structure of the social representation of the European integration (Study 1, N = 71) according to Central Core Theory of the structural approach of social representations. Secondly, we investigated the qualitative vs. quantitative centrality of its core elements (Study 2, N = 106) using the BCS model. The study included young people from Eastern Romania enrolled in a Psychology undergraduate degree. The results permitted the identification of the elements defining the internal structure of the SR of the European integration among young Romanians. We identified five central elements with prescriptive functions (i.e., mobility, unity, opportunity, European funds, and civilization). Furthermore, after checking their qualitative and quantitative centrality using the BCS model, only three of them were confirmed as both qualitatively and quantitatively central. Thus, the results also underlined the importance of the BSC model in better understanding the relationships between the SR’s internal elements. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

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O núcleo central da representação social de estagiários(as) do curso de Pedagogia/UERN acerca da docência

Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB ◽

10.18265/1517-0306a2020v1n52p157-168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (52) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Antônia Maíra Emelly Cabral da Silva Vieira ◽

Elda Silva Do Nascimento Melo

Keyword(s):

Teaching And Learning ◽

Word Association ◽

Social Representations ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Social Representation ◽

Central Nucleus ◽

Font Size ◽

The Social ◽

Central Elements ◽

Free Word

This study is part of the master’s dissertation entitled “The social representation of interns of the Education course about teaching” presented to the postgraduate program in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The research seeks to identify the social representation of interns of the Education course at UERN about teaching. We present the results of the evaluation of the TALP (Free Word Association Technique), analyzed in the light of the Theory of Social Representations (MOSCOVICI, 1978) and the Central Nucleus Theory (ABRIC, 1998) with the help of EVOC software and the technique of content analysis (BARDIN, 2011) that allowed us to visualize the central nucleus of the social representation of teaching. The results contemplate regularities that helped us to perceive that the subjects of the research construct a social representation of teaching, rooted in the central elements as: love, dedication, teaching and learning.

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Family considerations about the decision to refuse organ donation

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0103-21002012000900022 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (spe2) ◽

pp. 140-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gerlene Grudka Lira ◽

Cleide Maria Pontes ◽

Janine Schirmer ◽

Luciane Soares de Lima

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Organ Donation ◽

Hospital Care ◽

Social Representations ◽

The Body ◽

Management Model ◽

Semantic Categories ◽

The Social ◽

Family Decision ◽

Transplantation Center

OBJECTIVE: To understand the social representations that guided family decision to refuse organ donation for transplant and to identify the actions of the social environment that influenced this refusal. METHODS: Qualitative study using a descriptive exploratory design. Nine family members were interviewed between February and August 2009, whose family member death had been reported regularly by the Transplantation Center of Pernambuco. The statements underwent content analysis in semantic categories. RESULTS: Three semantic categories emerged which supported this study: The care and management model of health services is critical in refusing the donation; the body is inviolable; and belief in the possibility of returning to life-heart as the source of life and faith strengthening hope. CONCLUSION: The participants' refusal to organ donation has been supported in the context of service provided and hospital care received, as well as cultural and religious values.

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Examining the Most and Least Changeable Elements of the Social Representation of Giftedness

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12135361 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 5361 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Josué Pérez ◽

Leire Aperribai ◽

Lorea Cortabarría ◽

Africa Borges

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Item Response ◽

Classical Theory ◽

Social Representations ◽

Social Representation ◽

The Social ◽

Educational Implications ◽

Central Elements ◽

Test Discrimination ◽

Highly Able

Giftedness and high abilities have been broadly defined and this fact has led to many problems related to the detection and educational response given to gifted or highly able pupils due to the stereotyped social representations of the concepts. However, the main misconceptions might be changed with the aim of solving the mentioned problems. For this purpose, the aims of this study are to explore the main misconceptions of giftedness and to identify which among them seem to be most and least changeable. A questionnaire with the most extended myths and stereotypes about giftedness was applied in a sample of 824 participants. The items’ analyses were carried out by first studying item-test discrimination indices (test classical theory), and secondly, the a and b parameters of items (item response theory). The results show that there are items that would be easily changeable (9 items) and others less malleable (4 items). Therefore, it might be concluded that the social representation of giftedness would have peripheral elements that could be changed, while there would be less malleable central elements. Thus, different strategies to foster the change of the social representation of giftedness should be considered, which will have social and educational implications.

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Commitment to pro- versus counter-attitudinal behavior and the dynamics of social representations

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.61.1.34 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 34-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Eric Tafani ◽

Lionel Souchet

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Social Representations ◽

Cognitive Restructuring ◽

Social Representation ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Dimensional Model ◽

Social Actions ◽

The Social ◽

Two Dimensional Model ◽

Students Attitudes

This research uses the counter-attitudinal essay paradigm ( Janis & King, 1954 ) to test the effects of social actions on social representations. Thus, students wrote either a pro- or a counter-attitudinal essay on Higher Education. Three forms of counter-attitudinal essays were manipulated countering respectively a) students’ attitudes towards higher education; b) peripheral beliefs or c) central beliefs associated with this representation object. After writing the essay, students expressed their attitudes towards higher education and evaluated different beliefs associated with it. The structural status of these beliefs was also assessed by a “calling into question” test ( Flament, 1994a ). Results show that behavior challenging either an attitude or peripheral beliefs induces a rationalization process, giving rise to minor modifications of the representational field. These modifications are only on the social evaluative dimension of the social representation. On the other hand, when the behavior challenges central beliefs, the same rationalization process induces a cognitive restructuring of the representational field, i.e., a structural change in the representation. These results and their implications for the experimental study of representational dynamics are discussed with regard to the two-dimensional model of social representations ( Moliner, 1994 ) and rationalization theory ( Beauvois & Joule, 1996 ).

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Liberté d'opinion et limite normative dans une représentation sociale: le développement de l'intelligence 1Ce texte reprend l'essentiel d'un exposé présenté en juin 1998 à la Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education de Genève, à l'occasion de la collation du Doctorat Honoris Causa de l'Université de Genève à l'auteur.

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.58.3.201 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 201-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Claude Flament

Keyword(s):

Social Representations ◽

The Social ◽

The Individual

This paper is concerned by a possible articulation between the diversity of individual opinions and the existence of consensus in social representations. It postulates the existence of consensual normative boundaries framing the individual opinions. A study by questionnaire about the social representations of the development of intelligence gives support to this notion.

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Social Representations and Commitment

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000317 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 233-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eric Bonetto ◽

Fabien Girandola ◽

Grégory Lo Monaco

Keyword(s):

Social Representations ◽

Social Representation ◽

Second Line ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

First Line ◽

Research Perspectives ◽

The Social ◽

Bibliographic Search ◽

English Articles

Abstract. This contribution consists of a critical review of the literature about the articulation of two traditionally separated theoretical fields: social representations and commitment. Besides consulting various works and communications, a bibliographic search was carried out (between February and December, 2016) on various databases using the keywords “commitment” and “social representation,” in the singular and in the plural, in French and in English. Articles published in English or in French, that explicitly made reference to both terms, were included. The relations between commitment and social representations are approached according to two approaches or complementary lines. The first line follows the role of commitment in the representational dynamics: how can commitment transform the representations? This articulation gathers most of the work on the topic. The second line envisages the social representations as determinants of commitment procedures: how can these representations influence the effects of commitment procedures? This literature review will identify unexploited tracks, as well as research perspectives for both areas of research.

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The Social Representations of Medical Clinic Nurses on Oncology Palliative Care: a Procedural Approach

Hospice and Palliative Medicine International Journal ◽

10.15406/hpmij.2017.01.00025 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Virgínia Xavier Pereira da Silva ◽

Raquel de Souza Ramos ◽

Olga Veloso da Silva Oliveira ◽

Lailah Maria Pinto Nunes ◽

Sergio Correa Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palliative Care ◽

Social Representations ◽

Medical Clinic ◽

Procedural Approach ◽

The Social

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The Social Representations and Legal Theory of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Big Data in Healthcare

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3603106 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Julia M. Puaschunder ◽

Martin Gelter

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Big Data ◽

Legal Theory ◽

Social Representations ◽

The Social

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Health needs: a temporary analysis of the social representations of the concept

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.481 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M Winckler ◽

F Zioni ◽

G Johson

Keyword(s):

Political Participation ◽

Health System ◽

Social Representations ◽

Public Policies ◽

Civil Society Organizations ◽

Health Needs ◽

The Social ◽

The Right ◽

Brazilian Health System ◽

Universal Health

Abstract Background This study aims to analyse the social representations of health needs in a Brazilian municipality, questioning the capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. Methods Qualitative case study in which the data were analysed by: 1) the Health Needs Taxonomy (Matsumoto, 1999), as an instrument for assessing health needs, formatting the interview guide and organizing the empirical data; 2) the Theory of Social Representations (Jovchelovitch, 2000), to capture health needs; 3) Content Analysis (Bardin, 2004), as an instrument of analysis and comparison of perceived needs. The methodological path used was the same in the two moments in which this research is based (2009 and 2016). The entire municipal territory was analyzed and 26 representatives of civil society organizations were interviewed. Results Based on the results given, we state that health is a permanent and timeless need, but the mediations for its satisfaction have changed historically. The interface between quantitative indicators and subjectivity in assessing needs reveals the authoritarian architecture of its decision-making process, which has ruined the necessary democracy for prioritising and meeting those needs. The asymmetrical relationships present in the Brazilian society have both undermined the collective character of health needs and promoted the distance between who care and who are cared for. Most of the priorities listed by the interviewees in 2009 remain composing the social context of the municipality in 2016. Conclusions The challenges for comprehensive health care remain critical given both the decrease in popular political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health. Interdisciplinary and participatory diagnostics remain essential to understand the complexity of social changes and the challenges for the consolidation of meeting health needs. Key messages The capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. The challenges for meeting health needs remain critical given both the decrease in political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health.

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