scholarly journals The association between body composition and metabolically unhealthy profile of adults with normal weight in Northwest China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248782
Author(s):  
Ling Fan ◽  
Jiangwei Qiu ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Ting Yin ◽  
Xiaoxia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Insight Into

Objective Related evidences of metabolically unhealthy profile of adults with normal weight are not well characterized in the Chinese population. This is because they cannot be effectively identified by regular measurements (such as body mass index [BMI]). To overcome this gap in literature, this study aimed at investigating the association between body composition and metabolically unhealthy profile in Chinese adults with normal weight. Methods A total of 5427 individuals with normal-weight were recruited from 15820 people living in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwest China. Normal-weight was defined as a BMI of 18.5–23.9 kg/m2. Metabolically unhealthy profile was assessed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUHNW) profile was defined in individuals who had normal weight and at least two cardiometabolic risk factors. Generalized linear model was used to investigate the association between body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance and metabolically unhealthy profile in adults with normal-weight. Results The percentage of metabolically unhealthy profile was 35.86% in adults with normal weight. Different MUHNW distributions were found between males and females depending on age. The percentage of the MUHNW profile significantly increased in women after the age of 55, contrary to men. The association between body composition and MUHNW was affected by age and sex. The increased adiposity indices (fat mass index [FMI], visceral fat level [VFL], waist circumference [WCF]), and reduced skeletal muscle mass ratio [SMR] showed significant differences between MUHNW and metabolically healthy with normal weight (MHNW) (p < 0.05). Conclusion The distribution of MUHNW differed between ages and sexes. FMI, VFL, WCF and SMR could be responsible for the MUHNW adults, providing a new insight into the potential metabolic risks for the adults with normal weight in China. This directs us in the management of the MUHNW for their early prevention.

Abstract 075: Differences In Body Composition At Baseline And In Response To Exercise Training By Metabolic Health And Weight Status

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Jones ◽  
Jacob L Barber ◽  
James S Skinner ◽  
Claude Bouchard ◽  
Mark A Sarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Background: Body composition is known to differ across metabolic health and weight phenotypes. Regular exercise improves body composition, yet little is known about differences in exercise response across metabolic health and weight phenotypes. Methods: Normal weight (n=376) and overweight/obese (OWOB) adults (n=456) from the HERITAGE Family Study (56% female, 38% Black) completed a 20-week endurance training program. Four groups based on baseline BMI and metabolic risk were created: metabolically healthy normal weight, MHNW; metabolically unhealthy normal weight, MUNW; metabolically healthy OWOB, MHO; and metabolically unhealthy OWOB, MUO. Unhealthy was defined as having ≥2 metabolic syndrome components. General linear models tested for differences in baseline and change in measures of body composition (fat mass [FM], fat-free mass [FFM], % body fat [%BF], visceral fat) after adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity (and baseline value in change models). Results: Table 1 shows adjusted mean baseline and change in body composition values by group. Baseline body composition tended to track with weight status, with NW adults having lower FM, %BF, and visceral fat compared to obese adults (p<0.05), regardless of metabolic health. However, the MHO group had lower baseline values of these traits compared to MUO (p<0.05). Body composition measures significantly improved with exercise training in all groups, however, the magnitude of change differed between groups. For example, both NW groups had larger decreases in %BF compared to the obese groups, with MUNW showing the largest decrease. Conversely, MHNW showed the largest decrease in visceral fat, which was greater than both obese groups, but change in visceral fat was similar between MHO and MUNW. Conclusions: Normal weight adults tended to have better body composition profiles at baseline and larger improvements with exercise compared to obese adults, regardless of metabolic health. Within weight groups, body composition improved regardless of metabolic health status.

scholarly journals Association between Hydration Status and Body Composition in Healthy Adolescents from Spain

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laja García ◽  
Carmen Moráis-Moreno ◽  
Mª Samaniego-Vaesken ◽  
Ana Puga ◽  
Gregorio Varela-Moreiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Hydration Status

At present, obesity and overweight are major public health concerns. Their classical determinants do not sufficiently explain the current situation and it is urgent to investigate other possible causes. In recent years, it has been suggested that water intake could have important implications for weight management. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of hydration status on body weight and composition in healthy adolescents from Spain. The study involved 372 subjects, aged 12–18 years. Water intake was assessed through the validated “hydration status questionnaire adolescent young”. Anthropometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of the International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment (ISAK) and body composition was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Water intake normalized by body weight was positively correlated with body water content (boys (B): r = 0.316, p = 0.000; girls (G): r = 0.245, p = 0.000) and inversely with body mass index (BMI) (B: r = −0.515, p = 0.000; G: r = −0.385, p =0.000) and fat body mass (B: r = −0.306, p = 0.000; G: r = −0.250, p = 0.001). Moreover, according to BMI, overweight/obese individuals consumed less water than normal weight ones. In conclusion, higher water balance and intake seems to be related with a healthier body composition.

scholarly journals How reliable is BMI? Bioimpedance analysis of body composition in underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Lebiedowska ◽  
Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka ◽  
Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Normal Body

Abstract Background The human body consists of water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and minerals that build cells, tissues, and organs. In healthy people, the content of these molecules remains nearly constant. The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to classify abnormal body composition among adults. According to the WHO, a high BMI is a major risk factor for many diseases. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is a commonly used method for assessing body composition in clinical practice and medical research. Aims The aim of this study was to identify the advantages and disadvantages of using BMI in diagnosis of underweight, overweight, and obesity, by comparing the value of the index with the values of body composition analysis parameters. Methods A total of 267 healthy women 18 to 35 years of age participated in this study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed on all participants at the beginning of the experiment with an InBodyS10 device. Results In the BMI categories of overweight and obese, only women with excessive BFM were measured with BIA. The BMI category of normal body weight, apart from women with normal body composition, includes people with both deficient and excess body components, e.g., body fat or lean body mass. The BMI category of underweight includes women with different body compositions as well as people with excessive fat content. Conclusions The BMI is useful to provide a warning of excessive fat content in overweight and obese women, whereas among normal weight and underweight women, it may mask various types of body composition defects.

Risk for eating disorders and body composition among adolescent female and male athletes and non-athlete controls

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Pustivšek ◽  
Vedran Hadžić ◽  
Edvin Dervišević ◽  
Jamie Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this research was to investigate the risk for eating disorders (EDs) and compare body composition in participants with and without risk in adolescent Slovenian athletes and aged matched controls.MethodsA total of 583 randomly selected adolescents, aged from 15 to 17 years, completed a sick, control, one stone, fat, food (SCOFF) questionnaire for detecting risk for EDs. Weight and body composition were measured using a bioelectrical impedance machine. Based on the data body mass index (BMI), percentiles were calculated.ResultsOverall, 37.7% of athletes and 39.8% of controls were classified as at risk for EDs. Girls showed a significantly higher frequency of risk than boys, 1:3.5. A higher percentage of underweight boys was found in control group compared to the athletes, but the difference was not significant in the subsample of girls. Differences in body composition show that the at-risk group had significantly higher values in BMI percentiles (p < 0.001) and percentages of fat mass (p < 0.001) and lower values in percentage of muscle mass (p < 0.01) and fat-free mass.ConclusionsThese finding demonstrate that the gap in risk for EDs between males and females is becoming smaller and stresses to consider specific parameters of body composition as being important when identifying at-risk groups for EDs.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Body Composition Changes after Preseason Training in Elite Handball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3880
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Cichy ◽  
Andrzej Dudkowski ◽  
Marek Kociuba ◽  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Anna Sebastjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Training Protocol

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the estimated body composition of elite female and male Polish handball players during a five-week preseason training camp. Height and weight were measured, while body composition was estimated with bioelectrical impedance in 18 male and 17 female handball players before and after the five-week training protocol. Components of body composition included total body water (TBW), fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), and absolute and relative fat mass (FM). Weight and body mass index (BMI) did not change in males, but declined in females after five weeks of training. FM and %FM declined, while estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased significantly after training in both males and females. In contrast, comparisons of log transformed ratios for changes in weight, the BMI and body composition in males and females, respectively, suggested that estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased relatively more in females than in males, while FM and %FM decline relatively more in males than females. Overall, the five-week preseason training program modified the body composition of male and female handball players. FM and %FM decreased, while estimated TBW, FFM, and MM increased, in both males and females after the preseason training program. Comparisons of log transformed ratios for changes in body composition in males and females suggested sexual dimorphism in response to intensive preseason training.

scholarly journals Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Obese and Sport Trained Children: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Matusik ◽  
Zofia Prokopowicz ◽  
Berenika Norek ◽  
Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz ◽  
Jerzy Chudek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Oxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidative Capacity

The aim of the study was to compare oxidative/antioxidative status in obese and sport trained children and to correlate obtained redox markers with anthropometrical measurements, body composition parameters, and adipokines levels. 78 (44 males) obese (SG) and 80 (40 males) normal weight sport trained (CG) children matched for age and Tanner stage were recruited for the study. Body composition parameters and basal metabolic rate (BMR) were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Oxidative/antioxidative status was evaluated in plasma by total oxidative status (PerOX), oxidized-LDL cholesterol (oxLDL), total antioxidative capacity (ImAnOx), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx). Leptin and adiponectin levels and adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L) were also investigated. OxLDL was higher in SG versus CG (P < 0.05), but ImAnOx and GPx were reduced in SG versus CG (P < 0.01). Redox markers correlated significantly with BMIZ-score, WHR, WHtR, body composition parameters, leptin (in boys only), and A/L ratio (in boys only) in SG and in a whole studied population. PerOX significantly correlated with BMR in the CG. Antioxidative/oxidative status in obese children is significantly impaired and related adipose tissue excess and its hormonal activity. Oxidative status assessed by PerOx is also high in sport trained children but antioxidative defense is significantly more efficient with no overproduction of oxidized LDL.

Body Composition Adaptations Throughout an Elite Circus Student-Artist Training Season

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Adam Decker ◽  
Patrice Aubertin ◽  
Dean Kriellaars
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
College Training ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Vacation Period

The purpose of this study was to perform a longitudinal assessment of body composition of circus student-artists in an elite 3-year college training program. Ninety-two student-artists participated (age = 20.39 ± 2.42 years; height = 170.01 ± 8.01 cm; mass = 66.48 ± 11.07 kg; 36% female and 64% male), representing 92% of the student population. Body composi- tion was assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance at four strategic time points throughout the training year to evaluate changes over the two semesters (September to December and January to April) and winter vacation (December to January). Workloads were subjectively assessed using ratings of perceived exer- tion (RPE). Averaged over the academic terms, fat mass was 11.5 ± 4.8%, muscle mass was 50.2 ± 3.4%, and body mass index was 22.9 ± 2.2. Males and females differed significantly across all absolute and relative body composition variables. Muscle mass increased (semester one, +1.0%, p < 0.001; semester two, +0.4%, p < 0.05) while fat mass decreased during each semester (semester one, -1.6%, p < 0.001; semester two, -0.6%, p < 0.05) co-varying with changes in RPE (semester one, +2.3, p < 0.05; semester two, +1.7, p < 0.05). During the winter vacation period, percent fat mass increased (males, +1.0%; females, +2.0%) and percent muscle mass decreased (males, -0.6%; females, -0.9%). Discipline-specific differences in body composition were also detected, and significant differences were observed between student-artists grouped by years in school. Over the training year, there was a positive adaptation for muscle and fat mass despite the negative adaptation experienced during the winter vacation period.

scholarly journals BODY COMPOSITION OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Erol Kovačević ◽  
Denis Čaušević ◽  
Yunyou Liu ◽  
Josipa Nakić ◽  
Nedim Čović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Composition Analyzer ◽  
Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance

Considering the growing global problem and the lack of obesity data in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) the main aim of this paper was to determine BH school-age children body composition and determine the differences in body composition between girls and boys classified in underweight, normal weight and overweight according to the body mass index (BMI) score. 2524 participants 1763 girls and 761 boys (aged 10-13 yrs.) from 32 elementary schools were randomly selected and divided to 3 BMI groups by WHO cut-off points. InBody 370 Body Composition Analyzer (BioSpace, Seoul, Korea), a segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device was used to gather data. The results showed ~38% of the sample were classified as overweight whilst gender differences showed higher body fat mass and fat percentages in arms, trunk and legs in underweight and normal weight girls and higher skeletal muscle mass in normal weight and overweight boys.

scholarly journals Differences in body composition between metabolically healthy and unhealthy midlife women with respect to obesity status

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Lenka Vorobeľová ◽  
Darina Falbová ◽  
Daniela Siváková
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Midlife Women ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Abstract Body composition (BC) characteristics across metabolic health-by-body mass index categories were examined. Metabolic health (MH) was defined by five biomarkers: waist circumference, blood pressure, levels of triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Potential differences in BC characteristics between metabolically healthy obese (MH-O) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUH-O) women, and between MH normal weight (MH-NW) and MUH normal weight (MUH-NW) women were explored in 276 Slovak midlife women (39-65 years). Body composition parameters were measured with bioimpedance analyzer (BIA 101, Akern, S. r. l.). A simple comparison of the BC data between the subgroups showed significant differences in resistance (Rz, ohm) (p=0.035), muscle mass (MM, kg) (p=0.044), and total body water (TBW, kg) (p=0.047) between MH-O and MUH-O women. However, we did not observe any significant differences in BC characteristics between MH-NW and MUHNW. Specific logistic regression models were used to determine differences in BC characteristics between various obesity phenotypes, with controlling for age, menopausal status, smoking status and sport activity. Our results indicated that increasing age and decreasing Rz were statistically significantly associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting MUH-O (p=0.031 for age; p=0.032 for Rz). Moreover, other logistic models which included age, menopausal status, biochemical variables and life style factors such as covariates, showed that increasing alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and uric acid (UA) were statistically significantly associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting MUH-O (p=0.023 for ALT, p=0.010 for UA). In conclusion, MUH-O and MH-O cardiometabolic profiles are characterized by differences in the value of resistance and plasma levels of ALT and UA.

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