Using photos of basic facial expressions as a new approach to measuring implicit attitudes

Background Measuring implicit attitudes is difficult due to social desirability (SD). A new method, the Emotion Based Approach (EBA), can solve this by using emotions from a display of faces as response categories. We applied this on an EBA Spirituality tool (EBA-SPT) and an Actual Situation tool (EBA-AST). Our aim was to assess the structure, reliability and validity of the tools and to compare two EBA assessment approaches, i.e., an explicit one (only assessing final replies to items) and an implicit one (assessing also the selection process). Methods We obtained data on a sample of Czech adults (n = 522, age 30.3±12.58; 27.0% men) via an online survey; cortisol was assessed in 46 participants. We assessed the structure and psychometric properties (internal consistency and test-retest reliability; convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity) of the EBA, and examined the differences between explicit vs. implicit EBA approaches. Results We found an acceptable-good internal consistency reliability of the EBA tools, acceptable discriminant validity between them and low (neutral expression) to good (joy) test-retest reliability for concrete emotions assessed by the tools. An implicit EBA approach showed stronger correlations between emotions and weaker convergent validity, but higher criterion validity, than an explicit approach and standard questionnaires. Conclusion Compared to standard questionnaires, EBA is a more reliable approach for measuring attitudes, with an implicit approach that reflects the selection process yielding the best results.

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Reliability and Validity of the German Version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.749585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Darko Jekauc ◽

Lea Mülberger ◽

Susanne Weyland ◽

Fabienne Ennigkeit ◽

Kathrin Wunsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Online Survey ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Criterion Validity ◽

German Version ◽

Personality Psychology ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Emotional Style

Until recently, emotional processes have played little role in personality psychology. Based on neuroscientific findings, Davidson and colleagues proposed a theory of emotional styles, postulating six dimensions of emotional life: outlook, resilience, social intuition, self-awareness, sensitivity to context, and attention. Recently, an English version of the Emotional Style Questionnaire (ESQ) was developed and tested for reliability and validity. The aim of the present work was to test the test–retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity of the German version of the ESQ. Two separate samples consisting of 365 and 344 subjects took part in an online survey. The results of the two studies indicated satisfactory test–retest reliability and internal consistency. Regarding the construct validity, the results from Study 1 to Study 2 indicate good model fit indices. Although there was a high correlation between the subscales outlook and resilience, the analyses supported the six-factor structure postulated by Davidson and colleagues. Substantial correlations were found between the dimensions of the ESQ and other validated scales, confirming the criterion validity of the questionnaire. Our results suggest that the German version of the ESQ is a reliable and valid measurement of emotional styles. It is a feasible and economical questionnaire that can be applied in various psychology disciplines, such as personality psychology, clinical psychology, industrial psychology or sport and exercise psychology.

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Validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire among stroke patients in Mainland China

Family Practice ◽

10.1093/fampra/cmab004 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Zhang ◽

Ke Zhang ◽

Miao Li ◽

Jiaxin Gu ◽

Xintong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Treatment Burden ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objectives To examine the validity and reliability of the Mandarin version of the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) among stroke patients. Background Stroke patients need long-term management of symptoms and life situation, and treatment burden has recently emerged as a new concept that can influence the health outcomes during the rehabilitation process. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to recruit 187 cases of stroke patients in a tertiary grade hospital in Tianjin for a formal investigation. Item analysis, reliability and validity tests were carried out. The reliability test included internal consistency and test–retest reliability. And as well as content, structure and convergent validity were performed for the validity test. Results Of the 187 completed questionnaires, only 180 (96.3%) were suitable for analysis. According to the experts’ evaluation, the I-CVI of each item was from 0.833 to 1.000, and the S-CVI was 0.967. The exploratory factor analysis yielded three-factor components with a cumulative variation of 53.054%. Convergent validity was demonstrated using measures of Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale 8 (r = –0.450, P < 0.01). All correlations between items and global scores ranged from 0.403 to 0.638. Internal consistency reliability and test–retest reliability were found to be acceptable, as indicated by a Cronbach’s α of 0.824 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.846, respectively. Conclusions The Mandarin TBQ had acceptable validity and reliability. The use of TBQ in the assessment of treatment burden of stroke survivor may benefit health resources allocation and provide tailor therapeutic interventions to construct minimally disruptive care.

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An Indonesian Version of Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF19): Assessing Validity and Reliability

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia ◽

10.14693/jdi.v28i1.1247 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Siti L. Nuraini ◽

◽

Anton Rahardjo ◽

Diah Ayu Maharan ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Short Form ◽

Health Impact ◽

P Value ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Child Oral Health

Previous surveys have indicated that the majority of Indonesian children have poor oral health. However, scant information is available on children’s oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). The purpose of this study was to assess reliability as well as discriminant and convergent validity of Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) Indonesian version. Methods: The Indonesian version of COHIP-SF 19 was developed according to the guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation process. The instrument was tested among 529 children between 12 – 15 years old who were randomly selected from six junior high schools in Jakarta. The psychometric testing included internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity. Results: Mean age of the participants was 13.3±0.9 years and 54% of the participants were female. The mean COHIP-SF 19 score was 57.8±8.8 and the median was 58 (range 27 – 75). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability was excellent for COHIP-SF 19 score with Chronbach’s alpha 0.83 and intra-class correlation coefficient 0.81. Children with active decay, untreated caries with pulpal involvement, and gingivitis had significantly lower COHIP-SF 19 scores (p-value ≤ 0.030). Correlation between COHIP-SF 19 score, subscale scores and clinical severity as well as self-rated general or oral health were very low to low (rs = 0.04 – 0.27, p-value ≤ 0.028), after adjustment for children’s age and gender. Conclusions: The Indonesian version of COHIP-SF 19 was successfully developed to be used as an OHRQoL instrument for Indonesian school-age children. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of COHIP-SF 19 Indonesian version were confirmed

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Reliability and Validity of the Geriatric Depression Scale in Italian Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2018/7347859 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Perla Massai ◽

Francesca Colalelli ◽

Julita Sansoni ◽

Donatella Valente ◽

Marco Tofani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Geriatric Depression ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Introduction. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is commonly used to assess depressive symptoms, but its psychometric properties have never been examined in Italian people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of this study was to study the reliability and validity of the Italian version of the GDS in a sample of PD patients. Methods. The GDS was administered to 74 patients with PD in order to study its internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct, and discriminant validity. Results. The internal consistency of GDS was excellent (α = 0.903), as well as the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.941 [95% CI: 0.886–0.970]). GDS showed a strong correlation with instruments related to the depression (ρ = 0.880) in PD (ρ = 0.712) and a weak correlation with generic measurement instruments (−0.320 < ρ <−0.217). An area under the curve of 0.892 (95% CI 0.809–0.975) indicated a moderate capability to discriminate depressed patients to nondepressed patient, with a cutoff value between 15 and 16 points that predicts depression (sensitivity = 87%; specificity = 82%). Conclusion. The GDS is a reliable and valid tool in a sample of Italian PD subjects; this scale can be used in clinical and research contexts.

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The Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Saving Inventory–Revised: Internal Consistency, Test-Retest Reliability, and Validity of a Questionnaire to Assess Hoarding

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.106.1.279-296 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 279-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Isabela S. Fontenelle ◽

Bernard P. Rangé ◽

Angélica M. Prazeres ◽

Manuela C. Borges ◽

Marcio Versiani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Brazilian Version ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Pathological hoarding results in clutter that precludes normal activities and creates distress or dysfunction. It may lead to an inability to complete household functions, health problems, social withdrawal, and even death. The aim of this study was to describe the validation of the Brazilian version of the hoarding assessment instrument, the Saving Inventory–Revised. Sixty-five patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and 70 individuals from the community were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnosis of DSM–IV (clinical sample), the Saving Inventory–Revised, the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The Brazilian version of the Saving Inventory–Revised exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .94 for OCD and .84 for controls), high to moderate test-retest reliability and, using the hoarding dimension of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised as a reference point, high to moderate convergent validity. The Saving Inventory–Revised total scores also correlated significantly with comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms.

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Thai version of the foot function index: a cross-cultural adaptation with reliability and validity evaluation

BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s13102-020-00206-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sunee Bovonsunthonchai ◽

Suthasinee Thong-On ◽

Roongtiwa Vachalathiti ◽

Warinda Intiravoranont ◽

Sarawut Suwannarat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Criterion Validity ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Foot Function ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The study aimed to translate the foot function index (FFI) questionnaire to Thai and to determine psychometric properties of the questionnaire among individuals with plantar foot complaints. Methods The Thai version of the FFI (FFI-Th) was adapted according to a forward and backward translation protocol by two independent translators and analyzed by a linguist and a committee. The FFI-Th was administered among 49 individuals with plantar foot complaints to determine internal consistency, reliability, and validity. Cronbach’s alpha and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC3,1) were used to test the internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The Principal Component Analysis with varimax rotation method was used to test the factor structure and construct validity. Furthermore, the criterion validity was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (rp) between the FFI-Th and the visual analogue pain scale (pain-VAS) as well as the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). Results The FFI-Th showed good to excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability in the total score, pain, disability, and activity limitation subscales. The Principal Component Analysis produced 4 principal factors from the FFI-Th items. Criterion validity of the FFI-Th total score showed moderate to strong correlations with pain-VAS and EQ-5D-5L, and EQ-VAS scores. Conclusion The FFI-Th was a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess the foot function in a Thai population. Trial registration NCT03161314 (08/05/2017).

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Health questionnaire on back care knowledge and spine disease prevention for 6–10 years old children: development and psychometric evaluation

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04667-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brigitta Szilágyi ◽

Péter Tardi ◽

Borbála Magyar ◽

Nóra Tanács-Gulyás ◽

Fanny Romhányi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Prevention ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Health Questionnaire ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Back School ◽

Back Care ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Spine Disease

Abstract Background Back school programs, that improve back care and spine disease prevention knowledge are recommended at the age of 4-14 years. There is Health Questionnaire on Back Care Knowledge in the literature for children aged 14-17 years. At other ages, there is no questionnaire examining this knowledge. We aimed to develop a Health Questionnaire on Back Care and Spine Disease Prevention Knowledge for 6-10 years old children and validate its psychometric properties (internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement, convergent validity, discriminant validity) in 6-10 years old children, who attended back school program or not. Methods 463 children took part in the research (6-10 years old). The development was performed according to the Delphi method. The final version contained 7 questions. 463 participants completed the questionnaire twice with an interval of 7 days to evaluate test-retest reliability. The internal consistency was tested by Cronbach’s alpha value, test–retest reliability was calculated by Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and 95% of Minimal Detectable Change (MDC95) and Bland–Altman plots. Convergent validity was tested against the age variable and discriminant validity was tested by Kruskal-Wallis tests among the different subgroups. Results Cronbach’s alpha of the total score was (α=0.797), showed a strong internal consistency with minimal SEM (0.606) and MDC95 (1.680). The test-retest result for the total score was strong (0.989), for the questions showed moderate to strong results (0.742-0.975), the limits of agreement of the Bland-Altman plot showed a narrow error of measurement range (-3.49-1.29), and the value of mean differences was −1.10 (SD ± 1.22). The convergent validity showed a weak, but significant relationship between total score and age (R=0.171; p < 0.001). The discriminant validity showed significantly different mean scores in non-back school and back school groups. Conclusion For the examination of back care and spine disease prevention knowledge of 6-10 years old children, the questionnaire proved to be a valid and reliable tool. The knowledge requested in the questionnaire covers the knowledge material of the theoretical part of the back school for children aged 4-10 years.

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Development and Validation of the Digestive Function Assessment Instrument for Traditional Korean Medicine: Sasang Digestive Function Inventory

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/263752 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Misuk Lee ◽

Na Young Bae ◽

Minwoo Hwang ◽

Han Chae

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Digestive Function ◽

Related Quality ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Development And Validation

Objective. This study was conducted for development and validation of the Sasang Digestive Function Inventory (SDFI) with type-specific digestive function-related symptoms for identification of Sasang type and pathological pattern.Methods and Materials. We selected questionnaire items for pathophysiological symptoms using internal consistency analysis and examined construct validity using 193 healthy participants. Test-retest reliability with a four-week interval as well as convergent validity was examined using the Nepean Dyspepsia Index-Korean (NDIK), Functional Dyspepsia-Related Quality of Life (FDQOL), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and Body Mass Index (BMI).Results. The 21-item SDFI showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.743) and test-retest reliability (r=0.886,P<0.001). Three extracted subscales, SDFI-Digestion, SDFI-Appetite, and SDFI-Eating pattern, explained 56.02% of the total variance. The SDFI showed significant (P<0.001) correlation with total symptom score of NDIK, FDRQOL-Eating status, DEBQ-External Eating scale, and BMI. The SDFI score of the Tae-Eum (50.62±8.05) type was significantly (P<0.001) larger than that of the So-Eum (43.11±11.26) type.Conclusion. Current results demonstrated the reliability and validity of the SDFI and its subscales, which can be utilized as an objective instrument for diagnosis of Sasang types and assessment of the type-specific digestive function.

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Development of the external and internal shame scale: Japanese version

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05698-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yoichi Hiramatsu ◽

Kenichi Asano ◽

Yasuhiro Kotera ◽

Ayumu Endo ◽

Eiji Shimizu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Online Survey ◽

Factor Model ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Japanese Version ◽

Survey Study ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objective Shame contains external and internal aspects. However, a Japanese language scale for simultaneously assessing both aspects of shame has not been developed to date. This study aimed to standardize the Japanese version of the External and Internal Shame Scale (EISS-J). An online survey was conducted among university students (N = 203) at six universities in Japan (Study 1). A retest questionnaire was sent to the participants by email three weeks after the first survey (Study 2). Study 1 examined the internal consistency, factor structure, and criterion-related validity of the EISS-J, while Study 2 examined its test-retest reliability. Moreover, an additional study was conducted to examine the criterion-related validity of the scale. Results Study 1 demonstrated the high internal consistency of the EISS-J. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a two-factor model: external and internal shame. However, exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure. Study 2 confirmed the test-retest reliability of the scale. Furthermore, both studies indicated correlations between the EISS-J and fear of compassion, anger, humiliation, depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, the study established the criterion-related validity of the scale. These results confirmed adequate reliability and validity of the EISS-J.

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An Examination of the Reliability and Validity of Scores on the Italian Version of the Dieter's Inventory of Eating Temptations

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1998.86.2.435 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 435-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Giuseppe Riva

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Screening Test ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Psychometric Characteristics ◽

Italian Version ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

The Individual ◽

Test Retest Reliability

The aim of this paper was to highlight some psychometric characteristics of scores on the Italian version of the Dieter's Inventory of Eating Temptations. The analysis included assessment of the internal consistency of the individual scales, test-retest reliability, and estimates of both convergent and discriminant validity. Analyses showed that the Italian version of the inventory can be considered reliable and valid, which suggested its use as screening test for the identification of subjects who may be at risk for over-eating.

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