scholarly journals Facilitating cancer systems epidemiology research

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0255328
Author(s):  
Rolando Barajas ◽  
Brionna Hair ◽  
Gabriel Lai ◽  
Melissa Rotunno ◽  
Marissa M. Shams-White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Research Area ◽  
High Dimensionality ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
Transdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Systems epidemiology offers a more comprehensive and holistic approach to studies of cancer in populations by considering high dimensionality measures from multiple domains, assessing the inter-relationships among risk factors, and considering changes over time. These approaches offer a framework to account for the complexity of cancer and contribute to a broader understanding of the disease. Therefore, NCI sponsored a workshop in February 2019 to facilitate discussion about the opportunities and challenges of the application of systems epidemiology approaches for cancer research. Eight key themes emerged from the discussion: transdisciplinary collaboration and a problem-based approach; methods and modeling considerations; interpretation, validation, and evaluation of models; data needs and opportunities; sharing of data and models; enhanced training practices; dissemination of systems models; and building a systems epidemiology community. This manuscript summarizes these themes, highlights opportunities for cancer systems epidemiology research, outlines ways to foster this research area, and introduces a collection of papers, “Cancer System Epidemiology Insights and Future Opportunities” that highlight findings based on systems epidemiology approaches.

Social determinants, lifestyles and health

2012 ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Stefano Campostrini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Data Collection System ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

The link between social determinants, risk factors and health outcome has been demonstrated globally. More research is still required, however, to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Although further study is still needed to define better the measures of social determinants (in relation to both health outcome and risk factors), a data collection system (surveillance) already exists for risk factors that can provide information about these relationships. In particular, the observation of changes over time and trends can offer unique information on the effectiveness of health promotion programmes and policies for decreasing (or increasing) health inequalities.

Changes in Voice- and Swallowing-Related Symptoms After Thyroidectomy: One-Year Follow-Up Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Min Park ◽  
Kyung Ho Oh ◽  
Jae-Gu Cho ◽  
Seung-Kuk Baek ◽  
Soon-Young Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Objective: We analyzed the changes in voice- and swallowing-related symptoms that occurred over time in patients who underwent thyroidectomy and identified any associated risk factors. Methods: One hundred and three patients who underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled. Results: The mean thyroidectomy voice-related questionnaire (TVQ) score before surgery was 12.41 ± 12.19; it significantly increased to 28.24 ± 18.01 ( P < .001) 1 month postoperatively, decreased to 24.02 ± 17.30 ( P = .014) and 20.66 ± 15.29 ( P = .023) 3 and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. It was continuously decreased to 18.83 ± 14.63 twelve months postoperatively. The temporal changes in TVQ scores between patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy were significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the temporal changes in TVQ according to whether neck dissection was performed. The temporal changes in TVQ in patients with and without extrathyroidal extension were significantly different. Conclusions: Voice- and swallowing-related discomfort in patients who received thyroidectomy showed dynamic changes over time. There was a significant difference in the degree of change according to clinicopathological factors. Patients with these risk factors may benefit from appropriate patient education and various rehabilitation programs for symptom relief.

apoE4 allele and the natural history of cardiovascular risk factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. E322-E327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Scuteri ◽  
Samer S. Najjar ◽  
Denis Muller ◽  
Reubin Andres ◽  
Christopher H. Morrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Apoe4 Allele ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

The aims of the present study were to compare the longitudinal changes in traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (blood pressure, BMI, total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood glucose) in men with and without the apolipoprotein (apo)E4 allele. Three hundred six men from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, ranging in age from 20 to 92 yr, were studied. Repeated measurements of CV risk factors were performed over a median follow-up time of 7 yr (maximum 14.3 yr) for men. Longitudinal changes in these CV risk factors were analyzed by linear mixed-effects models. The prevalence of the apoE4 allele was 25.5%. apoE4 was independently associated with accelerated changes over time in fasting plasma glucose (+9.5% vs. no change in those without apoE4 in the 6th age-decade over 10 yr). No significant effect of apoE4 on longitudinal changes in total or HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, or blood pressures was observed. In conclusion, apoE4 influences fasting plasma glucose and its changes over time. This could explain, in part, the increased CV risk associated with the apoE4 genotype observed in men.

Incidence of, Risk Factors for, and Changes Over Time in Treatment-Resistant Depression in Denmark

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederikke Hordam Gronemann ◽  
Martin B. Jorgensen ◽  
Merete Nordentoft ◽  
Per K. Andersen ◽  
Merete Osler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Time In Treatment ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Determinanti sociali, stili di vita e stato di salute

2012 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Stefano Campostrini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Outcome ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Health Promotion Programs ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Over Time

The link between social determinants, risk factors and health outcome is globally quite demonstrated. Much research is still needed to better understand the mechanism underneath these relationships. Although, study is still needed to define better measures of social determinants (both in relation to health outcome and risk factors), already existing data collection system on risk factors - surveillance - can offer several information on these relationships. Particularly, the observation of changes over time and trends can offer unique information on the effectiveness of health promotion programs and policies in decreasing (increasing) health inequalities.

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