scholarly journals Perceived subjective versus objective knowledge: Consumer valuation of genetically modified certification on food producing plants

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255406
Author(s):  
Alicia Rihn ◽  
Hayk Khachatryan ◽  
Xuan Wei
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Objective Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Auction ◽  
Certification Programs ◽  
Consumer Valuation ◽  
Knowledge Group

Previous research has identified subjective and objective knowledge as determinants of consumers’ acceptance of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in the medical and food industries. In contrast to a large body of literature on the effects of attitudes or knowledge on food preferences, the extent to which consumers’ knowledge affects their valuation of non-GMO food producing plants (i.e., plants grown for food or ornamental purposes) is less understood. This manuscript investigates the relationship between consumers’ knowledge of relevant non-GMO certification programs and their acceptance and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for non-GMO plants. The first study used an Internet respondent panel and choice experiment, while the second study utilized an in-person experimental auction. In line with previously reported low public acceptance of genetically modified food products, respondents were receptive of and willing to pay premiums for non-GMO food producing plants. This study found that subjective and objective knowledge impacted the premiums for non-GMO labels, with the high subjective and low objective knowledge group generating the highest WTP. Low subjective and low objective knowledge resulted in the lowest WTP. Findings suggest a disconnect between subjective and objective knowledge of non-GMO certification programs, which in turn influences consumer valuation of those products.

Farmers prevailing perception profiles regarding GM crops: A classification proposal

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 952-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Almeida ◽  
Luisa Massarani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Stakeholder Group ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Complex Variety

Genetically modified organisms have been at the centre of a major public controversy, involving different interests and actors. While much attention has been devoted to consumer views on genetically modified food, there have been few attempts to understand the perceptions of genetically modified technology among farmers. By investigating perceptions of genetically modified organisms among Brazilian farmers, we intend to contribute towards filling this gap and thereby add the views of this stakeholder group to the genetically modified debate. A comparative analysis of our data and data from other studies indicate there is a complex variety of views on genetically modified organisms among farmers. Despite this diversity, we found variations in such views occur within limited parameters, concerned principally with expectations or concrete experiences regarding the advantages of genetically modified crops, perceptions of risks associated with them, and ethical questions they raise. We then propose a classification of prevailing profiles to represent the spectrum of perceptions of genetically modified organisms among farmers.

Agricultural and Food Controversies

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bailey Norwood ◽  
Michelle S. Calvo-Lorenzo ◽  
Sarah Lancaster ◽  
Pascal A. Oltenacu
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Food System ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Farm Animal Welfare ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Global Food Security

The public is more interested in agricultural and food issues than ever before, as is evident in the many agricultural controversies debated in the media. Why is it that some people embrace new agricultural technologies while others steadfastly defend traditional farming methods? Why do some prefer to buy food grown around the world while others patronize small, local farmers? In the debates about organic food, genetically modified organisms, and farm animal welfare, it is not always clear what the scientific literature actually says. To understand these controversies, the authors encourage readers to develop first an appreciation for why two equally intelligent and well-intentioned people can form radically different notions about food. Sometimes the disputes are scientific in nature, and sometimes they arise from conflicting ethical views. This book confronts the most controversial issues in agriculture by first explaining the principles of both sides of the debate, and then guiding readers through the scientific literature so that they may form their own educated opinions. Is food safe if the farm used pesticides, or are organic foods truly better for your health? Are chemical fertilizers sustainable, or are we producing cheap food today at the expense of future generations? What foods should we eat to have a smaller carbon footprint? Is genetically-modified food the key to global food security, and does it give corporations too much market power? Is the prevalence of corn throughout the food system the result of farm subsidies? Does buying local food stimulate the local economy? Why are so many farm animals raised indoors, and should antibiotics be given to livestock? These are the issues addressed in Agricultural and Food Controversies: What Everyone Needs to Know. While it doesn't claim to have all the answers, it provides a synthesis of research and popular opinions on both sides of these important issues, allowing readers to decide what they value and believe for themselves.

scholarly journals Alergenisitas Sistem Glikasi Isolat Protein Kedelai-Fruktooligosakarida (Allergenicity Properties of Soy Protein Isolate-Fructooligosaccaride Glycation Systems)

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahayu Suseno ◽  
Nurheni Sri Palupi ◽  
Endang Prangdimurti
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Genetically Modified Food

Food allergy is an immunological response caused by allergens contained in food. Soybean is one of the eight kinds of food products that can cause allergies. Genetically modified food crops that are most widely produced worldwide is soybean (47 % worldwide). Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) products is concerned may increase the allergenicity of the  product. The aims of the research were to study the allergenicity of GMO and non-GMO Soy Protein Isolates (SPI) and the glycation effect to allergenicity of SPI. GMO and non-GMO SPI were glycated with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) through the Maillard reaction in liquid systems. Allergenicity was determined qualitatively using immunoblotting and quantitatively using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The glycation degree of GMO and non-GMO SPI can increase up to 75.03 % and 73.50 % in the liquid system. There were 9 protein allergens in GMO soybean and 8 protein allergens in non-GMO soybean. The glycation reaction could reduce protein allergens in GMO and non-GMO SPI up to 91.69 % and 87.07 %.ABSTRAKAlergi pangan merupakan sebuah respon imunologis yang disebabkan oleh alergen yang terdapat pada pangan. Kacang kedelai merupakan satu dari delapan jenis bahan pangan yang sering menyebabkan alergi. Tanaman pangan hasil rekayasa genetika (GMO) yang banyak diproduksi di dunia adalah kacang kedelai yaitu sekitar 47 %. Produk GMO dikhawatirkan dapat meningkatkan alergenisitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tinggat alergenisitas antara Isolat Protein Kedelai (IPK) GMO dan non-GMO serta pengaruh glikasi terhadap alergenisitas IPK. IPK GMO dan non-GMO diglikasi dengan fruktooligosakarida melalui reaksi Maillard dengan sistem cair. Alergenisitas diukur secara kualitatif menggunakan immunobloting dan secara kuantitatif menggunakan Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Peningkatan derajat glikasi IPK GMO dan non-GMO pada sistem cair masing-masing memperlihatkan hasil 75,03 % dan 73,50 %. Terdapat 9 protein alergen pada kacang kedelai GMO dan 8 protein alergen pada kacang kedelai non-GMO. Reaksi glikasi dapat mengurangi alergen pada kacang kedelai GMO dan non-GMO hingga 91,69% dan 87,07%.

The European Commission's GMO Opt-out for Member States: A WTO Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Salas Ferer
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Member States ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
The Eu

In April 2015, the European Commission (hereinafter, Commission) adopted a package on the authorisation of genetically modified organisms (hereinafter, GMOs) as food and feed in the EU. The package, which derives from the Political Guidelines presented to the European Parliament in July 2014 on the basis of which the current Commission was elected, consists of a Communication (titled Reviewing the decision-making process on genetically modified organisms) and a legislative draft (i.e., Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 as regards the possibility for the Member States to restrict or prohibit the use of genetically modified food and feed on their territory, and hereinafter, the Proposal).

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified Organisms in Slovenia: Between Knowledge and Myths / Stališča Do Genetsko Modificiranih Organizmov V Sloveniji: Poznavanje In Miti

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karmen Erjavec ◽  
Jožica Zajc ◽  
Melita Poler Kovačič ◽  
Jelka Šuštar Vozlič ◽  
Samo Uhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Objective Knowledge ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: Because existing studies examining the impact of knowledge on people’s attitudes towards genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have had contradictory results, the goal of this study was to explore the attitudes that the population of Slovenia has towards GMOs and how knowledge affects their attitudes. Methods: In January 2012, a telephone survey was conducted researching attitudes towards GMOs and knowledge about them on a representative sample of the population of Slovenia (N=446). Results: The results revealed a predominantly negative attitude towards GMOs, regardless of their type, application and geographical distance; perceptions of the negative impact of GMOs on an individual’s health were particularly strong. The majority of respondents (59.5%) had moderate knowledge about GMOs, while a largeshare (30.4%) had poor knowledge of the topic. They had better objective knowledge about topics linked to formal education or legislation and a weaker understanding of mass media myths. Correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance showed a statistically significant correlation between knowledge and attitudes towards GMOs. The respondents with better objective knowledge (who gave the correct answers to test questions) had a less firm and a more positive attitude towards GMOs and vice versa. The respondents who lacked objective knowledge but expressed subjective knowledge (they were convinced that their answers were correct) on average had a more negative attitude towards GMOs compared to those who lacked subjective knowledge. Conclusions: This finding leads to the conclusion that knowledge, particularly relating to media myths about GMOs, has an important role in forming attitudes towards the impact of GMOs on an individual’s health.

Do consumers value employee ownership? Evidence from an experimental auction

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 162-190
Author(s):  
Philip Pablo Mellizo
Keyword(s):  
Stated Preference ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Employee Ownership ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Experimental Auction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Certification Programs ◽  
Consumer Valuation ◽  
Indirect Measures

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how the public at large perceives employee ownership, and how public perceptions of employee ownership translate into consumer valuation of goods and/or services produced by employee-owned firms. To the extent that consumer interest regarding the governance and ownership structure of firms matters in their purchasing decision, an employee-owned certification label could be an instrument by firms to segment consumer demand, differentiate products and potentially realize a competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach Three specific questions are evaluated using the fifth price, experimental Vickrey valuation auction. First, the author obtains estimates of willingness to pay (WTP) premia for a specific item (coffee) differentiated in a controlled setting by the certifications labels that signal various non-market attributes. Specifically, the author examines the WTP premium for coffee that is eligible for the Certified Employee-OwnedSM label, the Fair Trade CertifiedTM Certified label, as well coffee that qualifies for both labels. Second, the author introduces a treatment to evaluate how the provision of information produced by the third party certifiers affects WTP estimates. And third, the author exploits the use of a controlled setting to evaluate how passive sensory information (i.e. taste) may influence the WTP valuation of the labels. Findings WTP premia for coffee carrying only the EO label only increase by 67 cents relative to conventional coffee, which was not significantly different from zero. Bids for both FT and EO&FT labeled coffee were, however, positive ($1.22 and $2.17, respectively) and are also statistically significant. The circulation of information to subjects about the certification programs resulted in increased bids. These bid differences were statistically significant for FT and EOFT coffee, but again, not for EO labeled coffee. Finally, differences in tastes did not appear to drive significant differences in bidding behavior, suggesting that WTP consumer decisions are strongly influenced by non-market attributes. Originality/value Marketers, economists and others have an interest in determining the monetary value individuals place on non-market goods for a variety of reasons; from forecasting new product success to understanding consumer and individual behavior. Unfortunately, many currently available stated preference techniques suffer from hypothetical bias while revealed preference techniques rely on indirect measures. Experimental auctions mitigate some of these issues since they involve individuals exchanging real money for real goods in an active market. WTP valuation has been conducted on a wide variety or products, but none that capture consumer valuation of employee ownership.

scholarly journals An Experimental Evidence on Public Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food through Advertisement Framing on Health and Environmental Benefits, Objective Knowledge, and Risk Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5264
Author(s):  
Syed Hassan Raza ◽  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Paulo Ferreira ◽  
Pablo Farías
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Objective Knowledge

Owing to the emerging challenges on global food security and the decade of controversies over genetically modified food (hereafter GMF), the present study aims to explore the effects of advertisement framing on health and environmental benefits, sources of perceived risk reduction, and domain-specific knowledge on the acceptance of GMF. The study conducted a quasi-experimental factorial 2 (advertisement message framing: health vs. environmental benefits) × 2 (expert endorsement: present vs. absent) between-subject design involving 300 adult participants from Pakistan. Using a multi-group structural equation model, the four conditions were assigned to each participant group (n = 75) to test the hypothesized relationships. The quasi-experiment results suggested that the advertisement messages (ad-framed) incorporated with the health and environmental benefits, as delineated by experts, can be a viable communication strategy in developing effortless cognitive cues towards GMF acceptance. The pioneer findings validate the significant efficacy of advertisement messages (ad-framed with expert opinions) in reducing perceived risk through augmented objective knowledge that activates the mechanism of favorable development of attitude and acceptance of GMF. The study findings offer strategic directions to policymakers, marketers, and food technologists in raising greater awareness and acceptance towards GMF products.

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