scholarly journals Testing how different narrative perspectives achieve communication objectives and goals in online natural science videos

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0257866
Author(s):  
Selina A. Ruzi ◽  
Nicole M. Lee ◽  
Adrian A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Narrative Perspective ◽  
Science Story ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
General Competence ◽  
Public Audience ◽  
Objective Outcomes ◽  
Survey Responses

Communication of science through online media has become a primary means of disseminating and connecting science with a public audience. However, online media can come in many forms and stories of scientific discovery can be told by many individuals. We tested whether the relationship of a spokesperson to the science story being told (i.e., the narrative perspective) influences how people react and respond to online science media. We created five video stimuli that fell into three treatments: a scientist presenting their own research (male or female), a third-party summarizing research (male or female), and an infographic-like video with no on-screen presenter. Each of these videos presented the same fabricated science story about the discovery of a new ant species (Formicidae). We used Qualtrics to administer and obtain survey responses from 515 participants (~100 per video). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the videos and after viewing the stimulus answered questions assessing their perceptions of the video (trustworthiness and enjoyment), the spokesperson (trustworthiness and competence), scientists in general (competence and warmth), and attitudes towards the research topic and funding. Participants were also asked to recall what they had seen and heard. We determined that when participants watched a video in which a scientist presented their own research, participants perceived the spokesperson as having more expertise than a third-party presenter, and as more trustworthy and having more expertise than the no-spokesperson stimuli. Viewing a scientist presenting their own work also humanized the research, with participants more often including a person in their answer to the recall question. Overall, manipulating the narrative perspective of the source of a single online video communication effort is effective at impacting immediate objective outcomes related to spokesperson perceptions, but whether those objectives can positively influence long-term goals requires more investigation.

An Empirical Analysis of Risks, Involved in Marketing of Civil Engineering Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fiaz ◽  
Shoukat Younas ◽  
Malik Zaka Ullah ◽  
Nai Ding Yang
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
Sales Professionals ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Survey Responses

This research paper is an effort to highlight prominent key risks which are involved in marketing of civil engineering products. Construction moguls hire the services of third party to market and sale the engineering products but they are not fully experts in construction affairs. A framework of marketing risks has been devised to help the third party personnel during sales of completed or under process civil projects. These risks have been evaluated by the sales managers and site engineers through survey process. Last three decades have witnessed the Chinese economy growing at very rapid rate especially for massive construction developments. Rapid developments in building designs, customers ever changing demands, state policies and geographical locations have made the marketing strategies risk prone in China. Marketing concept was introduced during 60s to get the cmpettive advanteges by business moguls. His concepts caused a paradigm shift in business concept to suggests that business should satisfy their customers needs which are the heart of business. Customers loyalty and satisfaction were put at first in priority. The results indicate that the key risks as: economic slowdown, price inflation, liquidity risks, capital risks, competition, interest rates, land acquisitions, payment risks, investors changes, inaccurate cost estimation, design variations, administrative issues, poor competency of third party, non-familiarity with construction affairs, poor safety measures, political stability, law and order situation and problems for approval and permission process cause to push construction entrepreneurs towards complex scenarios. These results have been extracted on the basis of research survey. 313 paper base and online questionnaires were sent to solicit responses from sales professionals and site engineers during survey. Overall, 113 responses were collected during research survey. Responses were scaled on 5-likert scale. Data has been analyzed using SPSS software.

How Modifying Third-Party Information Affects Interpersonal Impressions and the Evaluation of Collaborative Online Media

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. DeAndrea ◽  
Brandon Van Der Heide ◽  
Nicole Easley
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Interpersonal Impressions

Use of social media and e-Government in disasters: 2016 Louisiana floods case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bosch, MPA
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Service Disruption ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Survey Responses

The case study analyzes the use of social media as a component of disaster response during and after the Louisiana Floods of August 2016. The study analyzes the survey responses of thirty social media users on a series of questions regarding social networks they regularly used during the flooding events, the extent to which users contacted government agencies via those networks, other uses of social media connected with the disaster, and whether social media served as a primary means of communication during cell carrier service interruptions. The results of this study show that there was a correlation between service disruption and increased use of social media as a means of communication. Additionally, the survey showed that social media networks have been utilized for a wide range of purposes during disasters, including locating family and loved ones, requesting help, disseminating information, and psychosocial interaction. Finally, a majority of respondents did not use social media to contact government agencies, and a number of respondents rated federal government engagement through social media as either dissatisfactory or were neutral on the question.

Popularising the Higgs boson: a corpus-assisted approach to reporting scientific discovery in online media

Corpora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersilia Incelli
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Complex Science ◽  
British Press

This study explores the scientific popularisation process and how science knowledge is recontextualised and rewritten in the transfer from one context or genre to another genre. It does this through a case study of the discovery of the Higgs boson, a new physics particle that is commonly known as the God Particle, and by focussing on the meta-discursive strategies that emerged from the texts after corpus-assisted analysis. Extensive use was made of exemplification and generalisation through analogies and metaphors, and through ideational content representing epistemic uncertainty in the newspaper discourse. Prominence is given to science popularisation in the British press, because online newspapers capture a wide non-expert public, the aim being to offer an analysis of how the discursive perspective of complex science news (particle physics) is conveyed to the general public, and can allow a systematic investigation into ‘how’ a scientific event is constructed and made newsworthy. Two corpora, consisting of texts from the scientific journal, Physics Letters B, and from online media blogs, were also compiled for contrastive purposes. In this way, prominent lexico-semantic textual properties are identified in the main corpus (containing newspapers) through standard corpus linguistic techniques, in particular through key semantic domain annotation, leading to more insight into how complex science is linguistically constructed and conveyed to a lay audience.

Audience Validation in Online Media Using Limited Behavioral Data and Demographic Mix

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Wreetabrata Kar ◽  
Sarath Swaminathan ◽  
Viswanathan Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Behavioral Data ◽  
Online Media ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Profile Information ◽  
The Third ◽  
Latent Features ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
The Third Party

At the onset of any campaign in an online media, an advertiser usually provides a specific demographic “target” to a content publisher. But limited individual profile information leads to low accuracy in targeting. A third party (like Nielsen, Comscore) validates the percentage success of “in-target” impressions. Low accuracy in targeting is expensive as the publisher gets paid only for the impressions which were on target. However, publishers could get access to the demographic mix information for each show from the third party. In this work, we propose a new approach to incorporate user level latent features developed from the show-wise demographic mix provided by the third party, along with session level features of viewers to improve the demographic predictions. In congruence with current industry practice, we train our model on a small labeled data and establish the effectiveness of our approach over existing approaches through experiments.

Assuring dietary supplement quality for cancer patients: An integrated formulary systems approach.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20663-e20663
Author(s):  
Maurie Markman ◽  
Michael Levin ◽  
Paul Reilly ◽  
Joseph W. Coyne ◽  
Carolyn Lammersfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Certification Programs ◽  
Audit Reports ◽  
Survey Responses

e20663 Background: Studies reveal up to 80% of cancer patients use some form of dietary supplements (DS). Despite the need for additional research, evidence exists that some DS may be of clinical value. In order to provide safe DS recommendations to patients, we created a Dietary Supplement Formulary Committee (DSFC). Methods: Twelve manufacturers (marketing 19 DS brands) with a reasonable reputation among providers for quality were selected. A survey tool was created to measure critical quality, GMP and FDA compliance practices; information was obtained via non-disclosure agreements; manufacturing documents were audited and compared to survey responses; FDA audit reports were obtained under Freedom of Information requests; site audits were conducted; and third party analytical testing was performed. Results: All 12 companies claimed to be operating in full compliance with FDA regulations. However, 3 had received Warning Letters from FDA for GMP violations; 2 performed a product recall within the last 5 years; 4 reported products that failed Consumerlab.com for potency or purity; 1 did not have product specifications; 1 was found by FDA to have inadequate testing; 1 was found to have a lack of sufficient controls throughout the supply chain to guard against microbiological contamination; and 2 had confirmed melamine contamination or lack of melamine testing on protein powders. Additional concerns included the use of subcontractors for certain operations, lack of stability data to support expiration dates, material discrepancies between claims and actual practice, and failure to change UPC (Universal Product Code) numbers when active ingredient formulas change. Conclusions: We observed considerable variation in the quality of DS, and in the level of compliance, which raises concerns for patient safety. One company met all quality standards. The combined use of the measures described above allowed for informed product selection. The variable quality practices identified here emphasize the need for careful formulary oversight. The USP (United States Pharmacopeial Convention), ConsumerLab.com, and the NSF International’s certification programs are current resources available to help identify quality DS.

The Tree of Knowledge Project

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
Dean A. F. Gui ◽  
Gigi AuYeung
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Learning Concept

The virtual Department of English at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, also known as the Tree of Knowledge, is a project premised upon using ecology and organic forms to promote language learning in Second Life (SL). Inspired by Salmon’s (2010) Tree of Learning concept this study examines how an interactive ecological environment – in this case, a tree – might offer numerous learning possibilities via every segment of the structure. Third-party billboard and sculpt modeling techniques, SL building tools and mega prim applications (which are more effective for organic shapes) were used to develop a three dimensional textured trunk, two-faced layered leaves and size-locked branches, crown, and roots. Preliminary student survey responses to the various elements of the virtual department architecture included an appreciation for creativity, innovation, and attractiveness in the design; challenges included a sense of dizziness when maneuvering around, difficulty in controlling the avatar, slow computer system responses, and lack of instruction in how to navigate through the structure.

scholarly journals Distributing Agency and Experience in Therapeutic Interaction: Person References in Therapists' Responses to Complaints

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Etelämäki ◽  
Liisa Voutilainen ◽  
Elina Weiste
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Interactional Linguistics ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Therapeutic Interaction ◽  
Grammatical Subject ◽  
Primary Means

The primary means for psychotherapy interaction is language. Since talk-in-interaction is accomplished and rendered interpretable by the systematic use of linguistic resources, this study focuses on one of the central issues in psychotherapy, namely agency, and the ways in which linguistic resources, person references in particular, are used for constructing different types of agency in psychotherapy interaction. The study investigates therapists' responses to turns where the client complains about a third party. It focuses on the way therapists' responses distribute experience and agency between the therapist and the client by comparing responses formulated with the zero-person (a formulation that lacks a grammatical subject, that is, a reference to the agent) to responses formulated with a second person singular pronoun that refers to the client. The study thus approaches agency as situated, dynamic and interactional: an agent is a social unit whose elements (flexibility and accountability) are distributed in the therapist-client interaction. The data consist of 70 audio-recorded sessions of cognitive psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, and the method of analysis is conversation analysis and interactional linguistics. The main findings are that therapists use the zero-person for two types of responses: affiliating and empathetic responses that distribute the emotional experience between the client and the therapist, and responses that invite clients to interpret their own experiences, thereby distributing control and responsibility to the clients. In contrast, the second person references are used for re-constructing the client's past history. The conclusion is that therapists use the zero-person for both immediate emotional work and interpretative co-work on the client's experiences. The study suggests that therapists' use of the zero-person does not necessarily attribute “weak agency” to the client but instead might strengthen the clients' agency in the sense of control and responsibility in the long term.

scholarly journals Predicting the Working Time of Microtasks Based on Workers' Perception of Prediction Errors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 192-219
Author(s):  
Susumu Saito ◽  
Chun-Wei Chiang ◽  
Saiph Savage ◽  
Teppei Nakano ◽  
Tetsunori Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Survey Responses

Crowd workers struggle to earn adequate wages. Given the limited task-related information provided on crowd platforms, workers often fail to estimate how long it would take to complete certain microtasks. Although there exist a few third-party tools and online communities that provide estimates of working times, such information is limited to microtasks that have been previously completed by other workers, and such tasks are usually booked immediately by experienced workers. This paper presents a computational technique for predicting microtask working times (i.e., how much time it takes to complete microtasks) based on past experiences of workers regarding similar tasks. The following two challenges were addressed during development of the proposed predictive model --- (i) collection of sufficient training data labeled with accurate working times, and (ii) evaluation and optimization of the prediction model. The paper first describes how 7,303 microtask submission data records were collected using a web browser extension --- installed by 83 Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) workers --- created for characterization of the diversity of worker behavior to facilitate accurate recording of working times. Next, challenges encountered in defining evaluation and/or objective functions have been described based on the tolerance demonstrated by workers with regard to prediction errors. To this end, surveys were conducted in AMT asking workers how they felt regarding prediction errors in working times pertaining to microtasks simulated using an "imaginary" AI system. Based on 91,060 survey responses submitted by 875 workers, objective/evaluation functions were derived for use in the prediction model to reflect whether or not the calculated prediction errors would be tolerated by workers. Evaluation results based on worker perceptions of prediction errors revealed that the proposed model was capable of predicting worker-tolerable working times in 73.6% of all tested microtask cases. Further, the derived objective function contributed to realization of accurate predictions across microtasks with more diverse durations.

scholarly journals Antecedents to Intention to Engage in the Online Negative Word-of-Mouth Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dien Mardhiyah ◽  
Basu Swastha Dharmmesta ◽  
B. M. Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Negative Word ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Online Word Of Mouth ◽  
Word Of Mouth Communication ◽  
The Impact

Complaints delivered directly to a firm will not be a problem if they can be handled properly, while the ones that are not disclosed directly to the firm but to a third party or even warnings to others not to use particular products or services, will be negative word-of-mouth communication. It can damage the image of the firm and be very detrimental. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antecedents of intention to engage in negative online word-of-mouth communication that includes dissatisfaction, service importance, success of complaint, complaint benefit, self confidence, altruism, retaliatory intention, and complaint cost. Medical services were selected considering the impact caused by the negligence of the service provider possibly giving rise to negative word-of-mouth communication. The online environment has been considered because of the developments in technology which provide opportunities for consumers to communicate with ach other. In addition, the dissemination of information through online media can spread incredibly widely and rapidly. The samples in this study comprised consumers of medical services who had disappointing experiences in using those services either directly or indirectly. A total of 123 questionnaires were analyzed with multiple regression analysis to test the research hypothesis. The results showed that the factors influencing the intentions behind negative online word-of-mouth communication were success of complaint, altruism, retaliatory intention, and complaint cost.                      

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