scholarly journals Genetic effect on free amino acid contents of egg yolk and albumen using five different chicken genotypes under floor rearing system

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258506
Author(s):  
Kenji Nishimura ◽  
Daichi Ijiri ◽  
Saki Shimamoto ◽  
Masahiro Takaya ◽  
Akira Ohtsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Trait Category ◽  
Egg Traits ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Chicken eggs play an important role as food resources in the world. Although genetic effects on yolk and albumen contents have been reported, the number of chicken genotypes analyzed so far is still limited. To investigate the effect of genetic background on 10 egg traits, 19 yolk amino acid traits, and 19 albumen amino acid traits, we evaluated a total of 58 eggs from five genotypes: two Japanese indigenous breeds (Ukokkei and Nagoya) and three hybrids (Araucana cross, Kurohisui, and Boris Brown) under a floor rearing system. One-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of genotype on 10 egg traits, 8 yolk amino acids (Asp, Glu, Ser, Gly, Thr, Tyr, Cys, and Leu), and 11 albumen amino acids (Asp, Glu, Asn, Ser, Gln, His, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Phe, and Ile) contents. Moderate to strong positive phenotypic correlations among traits within each trait category (size and weight traits, yolk amino acid traits, and albumen amino acid traits), whereas there were basically no or weak correlations among the trait categories. However, a unique feature was found in the Araucana cross indicating moderate positive correlations of amino acids between yolk and albumen. These results suggest that genetic factors can modify not only the size and weight of the egg and eggshell color but also yolk and albumen free amino acids contents.

scholarly journals Impact on genetic differences among various chicken breeds on free amino acid contents of egg yolk and albumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Goto ◽  
Saki Shimamoto ◽  
Masahiro Takaya ◽  
Shun Sato ◽  
Kanna Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Egg Traits ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

AbstractEggs play important roles as food resources and nutraceuticals, to alleviate malnutrition and to improve health status in the world. Since free amino acids contribute to the nutritional values and food tastes, we investigated a total of 81 eggs from five chicken breeds, which are Australorp, Nagoya (NGY), Rhode Island Red (RIR), Shamo (SHA), Ukokkei, and two F1 hybrids (NGYxRIR and SHAxRIR) to test impact on genetic differences in 10 egg traits, 20 yolk amino acid traits, and 18 albumen amino acid traits. One-way ANOVA revealed significant breed effects on 10 egg traits, 20 yolk amino acid traits, and 15 albumen amino acid traits. Moreover, a significant heterosis effect on yolk aspartic acid was identified. In addition, positive correlations were found broadly among traits within each trait category (egg traits, yolk amino acid traits, and albumen amino acid traits), whereas there were basically no or weak correlations among the trait categories. These results suggest that almost all traits can be dramatically modified by genetic factor, and there will be partially independent production systems of amino acids into yolk and albumen. Since there will be typical quantitative genetic architecture of egg contents, further genetic analyses will be needed.

Changes in tissue nitrogen and phosphorus and foliar free amino acids in autumn olive, black locust, American sycamore, and honey locust during autumn

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph S. Vogel ◽  
Jeffrey O. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Autumn Olive ◽  
Honey Locust ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen

Changes in tissue nitrogen, phosphorus, and foliar free amino acids of four temperate woody deciduous plants (autumn olive (Elaeagnusumbellata Thunb.), black locust (Robiniapseudoacacia L.), American sycamore (Platanusoccidentalis L.), and honey locust (Gleditsiatriacanthos L.)) were determined during the autumns of 1987 and 1988 on two physically and nutritionally distinct sites in central Illinois, United States. The dinitrogen-fixing species, actinorhizal autumn olive (Frankia nodulated) and leguminous black locust (Rhizobium nodulated), resorbed a greater proportion of phosphorus than nitrogen from leaves prior to autumnal leaf abscission in comparison with the nonfixing American sycamore and honey locust. The net autumnal changes in nitrogen or phosphorus of each species did not differ with site in most cases. Free amino acid contents of leaves tended to decline as leaves senesced during the drier autumn of 1987; however, during the autumn of 1988 foliar free amino acid contents tended to increase as the season progressed, with abscised leaves having the greatest contents. Root bark seemed to be a major sink for phosphorus during autumn in the dinitrogen-fixing species, while all of the species investigated showed significant autumnal increases in twig-bark concentrations of nitrogen.

scholarly journals Tolerance to Fusarium Root Rot and the Changes in Free Amino Acid Contents in Mycorrhizal Asparagus Plants

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Okada ◽  
Yoh-ichi Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Fusarium Root Rot ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Tolerance to fusarium root rot and the changes in free amino acid contents in mycorrhizal asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L., cv. Welcome) plants were investigated. Sixteen weeks after inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF; Glomus sp. R10), mycorrhizal plants showed higher dry weight of ferns and roots than non-mycorrhizal plants, and AMF colonization level in a root system reached up to 73.3%. Ten weeks after Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi (Foa; MAFF305556, SUF1226) inoculation, disease incidence and the severity of symptoms were eased and disease indices were low as less than 20 in mycorrhizal plants compared with non-AMF plants in the both isolates. As for the changes in free amino acid, total free amino acid contents in ferns and roots were higher in AMF plants than non-AMF plants 16 weeks after AMF inoculation. In this case, eight constituents of amino acids in ferns and 16 in roots increased in AMF plants; in particular, arginine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) showed considerable increase in both ferns and roots in AMF plants. In the Foa culture by Czapec-Dox medium in vitro, suppression of Foa propagation was recognized by the addition (0.1, 1%, w/v) of arginine and GABA. From these findings, plant growth enhancement and tolerance to fusarium root rot occurred in mycorrhizal asparagus plants, and the disease tolerance was supposed to be associated with the symbiosis-specific increase in free amino acids.

Influence of exercise on free amino acid concentrations in rat tissues

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Dohm ◽  
G. R. Beecher ◽  
R. Q. Warren ◽  
R. T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Acidic Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Levels of free amino acids in muscle, liver, and plasma were measured in rats that had either swum (1 or 2 h) or run (until exhausted). Exercise lowered alanine levels in all three tissues except for liver of exhausted rats. Exercise decreased the plasma levels of the acidic amino acids and their amides. Glutamate and glutamine levels were depressed in muscle, and the glutamine level was lowered in liver by exercise. Aspartate concentration was lowered by exercise in liver but elevated in muscle. The branched-chain amino acids were generally elevated by exercise as were tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, and lysine. Plasma 3-methylhistidine concentration was also elevated by an exercise bout. The changes observed in the amino acid contents of muscle, liver, and plasma are consistent with the increase in protein degradation during exercise that we previously reported. The lowered levels of some amino acids (e.g., alanine, glutamine, glutamate) seem to suggest that amino acid catabolism and/or gluconeogenesis is increased by exercise.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sulphur Deficiency on the Free Amino Acids of Some Plants

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Sulphur Deficiency ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

White clover (Trifolium rep ens L.) and four other species were grown in water culture with and without sulphur, and a semi-quantitative comparison was made of the free amino acid contents, using paper chromatography.

Uptake of amino acids by islet of Langerhans and other tissues of the toadfish.

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. E19
Author(s):  
S J Cooperstein ◽  
A Lazarow
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
High Uptake ◽  
Relative Ability ◽  
Mouse Islets ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
Stimulate Insulin Release

The uptake of injected radioactive amino acids by the isolated islet and other tissues of the toadfish has been examined. The islet and most other tissues appear to actively transport most amino acids and, of the tissues studied, the islet is one of the most active in this regard. Most tissues accumulated the dicarboxylic acids to the greatest extent, with the basic amino acids and the neutral amino acids with unbranched side chains also being taken up well. However, each tissue showed a unique pattern of uptake of the different amino acids, and islet was distinguished by its high uptake of glycine 15 min after injection. The pattern of uptake of amino acids by toadfish islet does not appear to be related to their relative ability to stimulate insulin release from islets of other species or to their relative rates of metabolism, but does correlate well with the content of free amino acids in mouse islets and with the sum of the amino acid contents of anglerfish proinsulin and proglucagon.

The effect of steaming on the free amino acid contents and antioxidant activity of ginseng

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Cho ◽  
XL Piao ◽  
MH Jang ◽  
SY Park ◽  
SW Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Celik ◽  
Alper Şen ◽  
İsmail Koyuncu ◽  
Ataman Gönel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of

Aim and Objective:: To determine the mechanisms present in the etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis. It is not clear whether amino acids contribute in a causal way to the development of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the plasma-free amino acid profile in patients with nasal polyposis and to compare the results with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods:: This was a prospective controlled study that took place in the Otolaryngology Department at the Harran University Faculty of Medicine between April 2017 and April 2018. Plasmafree amino acid profile levels were studied in serum samples taken from a patient group and a healthy control group. Patients who were diagnosed with bilateral diffuse nasal polyposis and were scheduled for surgical interventions were included in this study. Individuals whose age, gender, and body mass index values were compatible with that of the patient group and who did not have any health problems were included in the control group. All the participants whose levels of plasma-free amino acid were thought to be affected by one or more of the following factors were excluded from the study: smoking and alcohol use, allergic rhinitis presence, the presence of acute or chronic sinusitis, a history of endoscopic sinus surgery, unilateral nasal masses, a history of chronic drug use, systemic or topical steroid use in the last three months for any reason, and liver, kidney, hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric disorders or malignancies. Results: In patients with nasal polyposis, 3-methyl histidine (3-MHIS: nasal polyposis group (ng) = 3.22 (1.92 – 6.07); control group (cg) = 1.21 (0.77 – 1.68); p = 0.001); arginine (arg: ng = 98.95 (70.81 – 117.75); cg = 75.10 (54.49 – 79.88); p = 0.005); asparagine (asn: ng = 79.84 (57.50 – 101.44); cg = 60.66 (46.39 – 74.62); p = 0.021); citrulline (cit: ng = 51.83 (43.81 – 59.78); cg = 38.33 (27.81 – 53.73); p = 0.038); cystine (cys: ng = 4.29 (2.43 – 6.66); cg = 2.41 (1.51 – 4.16); p = 0.019); glutamic acid (glu: ng = 234.86 (128.75 – 286.66); cg = 152.37 (122.51 – 188.34); p = 0.045); histidine (his: ng = 94.19 (79.34 – 113.99); cg = 74.80 (62.76 – 98.91); p = 0.018); lysine (lys: ng = 297.22 (206.55 – 371.25); cg = 179.50 (151.58 – 238.02); p = 0.001); ornithine (ng = 160.62 (128.36 – 189.32); cg = 115.91 (97.03 – 159.91); p = 0.019); serine (ser: ng = 195.15 (151.58 – 253.07); cg = 83.07 (67.44 – 92.44); p = 0.001); taurine (tau: ng = 74.69 (47.00 – 112.13); cg = 53.14 (33.57 – 67.31); p = 0.006); tryptophan (trp: ng = 52.31 (33.81 – 80.11); cg = 34.44 (25.94 – 43.07); p = 0.005), homocitrulline (ng = 1.75 (1.27 – 2.59); cg = 0.00 (0.00 – 0.53); p = 0.001); norvaline (ng = 6.90 (5.61 – 9.18); cg = 4.93 (3.74 – 7.13); p = 0.021); argininosuccinic acid (ng = 14.33 (10.06 – 25.65); cg = 12.22 (5.77 – 16.87) p = 0.046); and plasma concentrations were significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p <0.05). However, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba: ng = 0.16 (0.10 – 0.24); cg = 0.21 (0.19 – 0.29); p = 0.010) plasma concentration was significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. Conclusion: In this study, plasma levels of 15 free amino acids were significantly higher in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. A plasma level of 1 free amino acid was found to be significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group compared to the healthy control group. Therefore, it is important to determine the possibility of using the information obtained to prevent the recurrence of the condition and to develop effective treatment strategies. This study may be a milestone for studies of this subject. However, this study needs to be confirmed by further studies conducted in a larger series.

scholarly journals Effects of Electrical Stimulation on the Peptide and Free Amino Acid Contents of Beef Homogenate and Sarcoplasma during Storage

1994 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1034-1043
Author(s):  
Masayuki MIKAMI ◽  
Mari NAGAO ◽  
Mitsuo SEKIKAWA ◽  
Hiroyuki MIURA ◽  
Yasuhisa HONGO
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Contents
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