scholarly journals Effects of a school-based intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors among secondary school students: A cluster-randomized, controlled trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259581
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Salmiah Said ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Rosliza Manaf ◽  
Normala Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number cause of death worldwide. In Ghana CVD has been the leading cause of death since 2001. The prevalence of CVD risk factors among adolescents in Ghana has been increasing. This study seeks to develop, implement and evaluate the effects of a behavioral modification intervention program to reduce CVD risk factors among secondary school students in Brong Ahafo, Ghana. Methods A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with schools as clusters over a period of six-months with pre and post intervention evaluations. Participants were public secondary school students (14–19 years) from four schools in Brong Ahafo, Ghana. Students in the intervention group were trained by the researchers whereas those of the control group received no intervention. The intervention included health education and physical activity modules. Follow-up data using same questionnaire were collected within two weeks after the intervention was completed. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed after replacing missing values using the multiple imputation method. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to assess the effects of the intervention study. Results The GLMM analyses showed the intervention was effective in attaining 0.77(p<0.001), 0.72(p<0.001), 0.47(p<0.001), 0.56(p<0.001), and 0.39(p = 0.045) higher total physical activity, fruits, vegetables, seafood, and water scores respectively for the intervention group over the control group. The intervention was also significant in reducing -0.15(p<0.001),-0.23(p<0.001),-0.50(p<0.001),-0.32(p<0.001),-0.90(p<0.001),-0.87(p<0.001),-0.38(p<0.001), -0.63(p<0.001), -1.63(p<0.001), 0.61(p<0.001), and -1.53(p = 0.005) carbohydrates, fats and oils, fried eggs, fried chicken, carbonated drinks, sugar, sweet snacks, salted fish, weight, BMI, and diastolic BP. The odds of quitting alcohol use in the intervention group were 1.06 times more than the control group. There was no significant effect on reducing smoking and systolic BP. Conclusion There is an urgent need for the intervention program to be integrated into the existing curriculum structure of secondary school schools. Implementing the intervention will allow for longer and more consistent impact on the reduction of CVD risk factors among secondary school students.

scholarly journals Efectos de un programa de educación para la seguridad en el deporte en escolares de secundaria (Effects of an education program for safety in sport in secondary school students)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Pedro Ángel Latorre Román ◽  
José Carlos Cámara Pérez ◽  
Antonio Pantoja Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students

El objetivo del estudio es analizar los efectos de la implantación de un Programa de Educación para la Seguridad en las actividades físico-deportivas escolares (ESAFE) sobre los factores psicológicos y de personalidad relacionados con el accidente deportivo en escolares de Educación Secundaria. Los participantes de este estudio son escolares de Educación Secundaria de un IES de la provincia de Jaén. El total de sujetos fue de 149 alumnos (Edad= 13.62 años, DT= 1.22). Mediante un ensayo controlado fueron distribuidos en un grupo control (73 participantes, Edad= 13.60 años, DT= 1.22) y otro experimental (76 participantes, Edad= 13.64 años, DT= 1.24). Las variables analizadas han sido la búsqueda de sensaciones, la percepción del riesgo, propensión al accidente y por otro lado el número de lesiones y accidentes. Los resultados muestran que tras la intervención, las diferencias postest-pretest son significativamente mayores (p<0.001) en seguridad pasiva y activa y en la escala total de seguridad en el grupo experimental. El programa ESAFE ha sido capaz de reducir de manera significativa (p<0.05) la búsqueda de sensaciones en el deporte. El programa ESAFE se puede emplear como un recurso educativo en la sensibilización sobre los riesgos presentes en las actividades físico-deportivas escolares y por lo tanto en la educación de la seguridad. Sería interesante su incorporación en la práctica de los docentes de Educación Física, tanto en la evaluación inicial como durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje.Palabras clave: educación, seguridad, deporte escolar, búsqueda de sensaciones, percepción del riesgo.Abstract: The purpose of the study is to analyze the effects of the implementation of an Education Program for Safety in physical and sport activities on psychological and personality factors related to accidents as a result of sport of Secondary Education students. Participants in this study were Secondary School students, students who were in 1st and 3rd year from a Secondary School in the province of Jaen. The total number of participants were 149 students (age= 13.62 years, SD = 1.22). By means of a controlled trial they were divided into a control group (73 participants, age = 13.60 years, SD = 1.22) and into an intervention group (76 participants, age = 13.64 years, SD = 1.24). The variables analyzed were sensation seeking, risk perception, propensity of accident and the number of injuries and accidents. Results show that after the intervention of the ESAFE program, pretest-posttest differences are significantly higher (p<0.001) in the two scales of safety and in the full scale of the intervention group. The ESAFE program has been able to reduce significantly (p<0.05) sensation seeking in sport. In conclusion, the ESAFE program can be used as an educational resource in raising awareness of the risks involved in physical and sports activities in school and, therefore, in safety education. So it would be interesting to incorporate it into the practice of PE teachers both in the initial evaluation and during the whole process of teaching and learning.Keywords: education, safety, school sport, sensation seeking, risk perception.

scholarly journals Effects of a school-based intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors among secondary school students: a cluster randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Salmiah Md S ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Rosliza A Manaf ◽  
Normala Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students

Abstract Background Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) was responsible for 17.5 million deaths, accounting for 46.2% non-communicable disease deaths. In Ghana CVDs has been the leading cause of adult death since 2001. Prevalence of CVD risk factors among adolescents in Ghana has been increasing. Objective of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a health education intervention program to reduce CVD risk factors among students. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with a school as cluster over a period of six-months with pre and post intervention evaluations. Participants were public secondary school students (14-19 years) from four schools in Brong Ahafo, Ghana. Students in the intervention group were trained by the researchers whereas those of the control group received no intervention. The intervention included health education and physical activity modules. Follow-up data using same questionnaire were collected within two weeks after the intervention was completed. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed after replacing missing values using multiple imputation method. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to assess the effects of the intervention. Results Of the 848 study participants, 836 completed the final assessment at six-month. The GLMM showed the intervention was significant in attaining 0.77(p<0.001), 0.72(p<0.001), 0.47(p<0.001), 0.56(p<0.001), and 0.39(p=0.045) higher physical activity, fruits, vegetables, seafood, and water scores respectively for the intervention group over the control group. The intervention was also significant in reducing -0.15(p<0.001), -0.23(p<0.001), -0.50(p<0.001), -0.32(p<0.001), -0.90(p<0.001),-0.87(p<0.001),-0.38(p<0.001),-0.63(p<0.001),-1.63(p<0.001),-0.61(p<0.001),and -1.53(p=0.005) carbohydrates, fats and oils, fried eggs, fried chicken, carbonated drinks, sugar, sweet snacks, salted fish, weight, BMI, and diastolic BP. The ‘’odds’’ of quitting alcohol use in the intervention group was 1.06 times more than in control group. There was no significant effect of the intervention on reducing systolic BP. Conclusions The intervention had positive effect on increasing physical activity, promoting healthy diet, reducing alcohol consumption, weight, BMI, and diastolic BP among students in the intervention arm of the study but had no effect on systolic BP. Findings from this study is recommended to be adopted in the educational curricula in secondary schools. Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, risk factors, behavioral modification intervention, secondary school students, adolescents

1107Reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors in rural, medically under-served, socioeconomically distressed, high-risk individuals: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Moser ◽  
M L Chung ◽  
F Feltner ◽  
T A Lennie ◽  
M J Biddle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background People in rural, socioeconomically distressed areas of the world suffer from marked cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities. Despite the CVD disparities seen in rural, distressed areas, efforts directed toward CVD risk reduction and prevention are limited. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to determine the effect of an individualized, culturally appropriate, self-care CVD risk reduction intervention (HeartHealth) compared to referral of patients to a primary care provider for usual care on the following CVD risk factors: tobacco use, blood pressure, lipid profile, body mass index, depressive symptoms, and physical activity levels. Methods The study protocol and intervention were developed with a community advisory board of lay community members, business owners, local government officials, church leaders, and healthcare providers. We enrolled 355 individuals living in Appalachia with two or more CVD risk factors. The intervention was delivered in person to groups of 10 or fewer individuals over 12 weeks. In the first session, participants chose their CVD risk reduction goals. HeartHealth was designed to provide participants with self-care skills targeting CVD risk reduction while reducing barriers to risk reduction found in austere rural environments. The targeted CVD risk factors were measured at baseline and 4 and 12 months post-intervention. Repeated measures data were analyzed with mixed models. Results More individuals in the intervention group compared to the control group met their lifestyle change goal (50% vs 16%, p<0.001). The intervention produced a positive impact on systolic blood pressure (p=0.002, time X group effect), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001, time x group), total cholesterol (p=0.026, time x group), high density lipoprotein (p=0.002, time x group), body mass index (p=0.017, time x group), smoking status (p=0.01), depressive symptoms (p=0.01, time x group), and steps per day (p=0.001, time x group). Compared to the control group, improvement was seen at 4 months in these risk factors and the positive changes were maintained through 12 months. There were no differences seen across time by group in low density lipoprotein or triglyceride levels. Conclusion Interventions like HeartHealth that focus on self-care and that are derived in collaboration with the community of interest are effective in medically underserved, socioeconomically distressed rural areas. Acknowledgement/Funding Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute

scholarly journals High-Intensity Training Reduces CVD Risk Factors among Rotating Shift Workers: An Eight-Week Intervention in Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Asgeir Mamen ◽  
Reidun Øvstebø ◽  
Per Anton Sirnes ◽  
Pia Nielsen ◽  
Marit Skogstad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Intensity Training

Rotating shift work is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have studied the effect of 17 min high-intensity training three times a week over eight weeks on CVD risk factors among shift workers. Sixty-five shift workers from two plants were recruited. They were all deemed healthy at the initial health screening and in 100% work. From plant A, 42 workers, and plant B, 23 workers participated. After the intervention, 56 workers were retested. The intervention group consisted of 19 participants from plant A who had participated in at least 10 sessions. Twenty workers from plant B and 17 workers from plant A that not had taken part in the training were included in the control group. All workers reported physical activity (PA) by questionnaires before and after the training intervention. We measured blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and arterial stiffness. Maximal oxygen uptake ( V . O2max) was assessed by bicycle ergometry. The intervention group favorably differed significantly from the control group in improvement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Short training sessions with 4 min of high-intensity PA, three times a week, for eight weeks among rotating shift workers reduced some CVD risk factors. PA interventions in occupational settings may thus decrease coronary heart disease and stroke incidences in this vulnerable group of workers.

scholarly journals Debate as a pedagogical tool for developing speaking skills in second language education

2021 ◽  
pp. 136216882110506
Author(s):  
Abid el Majidi ◽  
Rick de Graaff ◽  
Daniel Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
L2 Speaking ◽  
Speaking Skills

Many secondary school students’ second language (L2) speaking skills suffer from deficiencies; the effects thereof are detrimental to their academic and career opportunities in a globalized world that highlights the importance of oral communication skills. Debate has been considered a potentially effective speaking pedagogical tool that can scaffold learning processes in ways that can lead to language development. This study investigates the effect of a debate intervention on English L2 speaking competence of Dutch secondary school students. Following a pretest–posttest control group design, we elicited speech samples from opinion tasks which we coded in terms of measures of speech quantity, fluency, complexity, accuracy and cohesion. Multilevel analysis results indicate that after the intervention, the intervention group produced more language which was more fluent, accurate, coherent and lexically more sophisticated relative to the control group. These findings, which have significant implications for L2 speaking development, are discussed in relation to specific characteristics of L2 debate pedagogy.

scholarly journals Developing Wellbeing Through a Randomised Controlled Trial of a Martial Arts Based Intervention: An Alternative to the Anti-Bullying Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Moore ◽  
Stuart Woodcock ◽  
Dean Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Social Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Anti-bullying policies and interventions are the main approach addressing bullying behaviours in Australian schools. However, the evidence supporting these approaches is inconsistent and its theoretical underpinning may be problematic. The current study examined the effects of a martial arts based psycho-social intervention on participants’ ratings of resilience and self-efficacy, delivered as a randomised controlled trial to 283 secondary school students. Results found a consistent pattern for strengths-based wellbeing outcomes. All measures relating to resilience and self-efficacy improved for the intervention group, whereas results declined for the control group. These findings suggest that a martial arts based psycho-social intervention may be an efficacious method of improving wellbeing outcomes including resilience and self-efficacy. The study proposes utilising alternatives to the anti-bullying approach and that interventions should be aimed towards helping individuals develop strengths and cope more effectively, which has specific relevance to bullying and more generalised importance to positive mental health.

scholarly journals Skipping breakfast leads to weight loss but also elevated cholesterol compared with consuming daily breakfasts of oat porridge or frosted cornflakes in overweight individuals: a randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Geliebter ◽  
Nerys M. Astbury ◽  
Roni Aviram-Friedman ◽  
Eric Yahav ◽  
Sami Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

AbstractEating breakfast may reduce appetite, body weight and CVD risk factors, but the breakfast type that produces the greatest health benefits remains unclear. We compared the effects of consuming a high-fibre breakfast, a non-fibre breakfast, or no-breakfast control on body weight, CVD risk factors and appetite. A total of thirty-six overweight participants (eighteen men and eighteen women) (mean age 33·9 (sd7·5) years, mean BMI 32·8 (sd4·7) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to consume oat porridge (n = 12), frosted cornflakes (n = 12) or a water control (n = 12) breakfast daily for 4 weeks. Appetite ratings were collected on the first day and weekly thereafter. Before and after the intervention, body weight, composition, blood pressure and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured and a fasting blood sample was collected. Across the 4 weeks, fullness was higher and hunger was lower in the oat porridge group compared with the control group (P < 0·05). Mean weight change over the intervention was significantly different in the control group (−1·18 (sd1·16) kg) compared with both the cornflakes (−0·12 (sd1·34) kg) and oat porridge (+0·26 (sd0·91) kg) groups (P < 0·05). However, the control group also showed elevated total cholesterol concentrations relative to the cornflakes and oat porridge groups (P < 0·05). There were no differences between groups in changes in body composition, blood pressure, REE or other CVD risk factors. In conclusion, although skipping breakfast led to weight loss, it also resulted in increased total cholesterol concentrations compared with eating either oat porridge or frosted cornflakes for breakfast.

scholarly journals Effects of a health educational intervention on cardiovascular disease knowledge, motivation and behavioral skills: A cluster randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Salmiah Md. ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Rosliza A Manaf ◽  
Normala Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Behavioral Skills ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number one public health challenge of the 21st century. Globally, the disease causes more deaths than any other cause. Unfortunately, many people are not aware of CVDs and its risk factors and because of this the disease burden keeps on rising. Objective of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate the effects of a health education program to improve CVD knowledge, motivation, and behavioral skills among secondary school students in Ghana. Methods A parallel single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out for a period of six-months with baseline and post intervention evaluations. Participants (n=848) were secondary school students of ages of 14-19 years from four schools (clusters) in Brong Ahafo, Ghana. Students in the intervention group received health education intervention whereas those of the control group received no intervention. The intervention included information on cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors, motivation, and behavioral skills modules. At six months, a follow-up data using same questionnaire were collected after the intervention was completed. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to assess the overall effects of the intervention. Results Of the 848 students, 836 completed the follow-up assessment immediately after six-month. The GLMM showed the intervention was significant in improving 6.85(p<0.001), 0.90(p<0.001), 0.94(p<0.001) higher total CVD knowledge, motivation, and behavioral skills scores respectively for the intervention group when compared to the control group. Conclusions The intervention was effective in increasing CVD knowledge, motivation, and behavioral skills of students in the intervention arm of the study. It is recommended that the health education module be implemented into secondary schools education curricula in Ghana to improve CVD knowledge, motivation, and behavioral skills. Equipping students with the IMB will reduce CVD risk factors and prevent the onset of CVDs in future.

Zoltán Kodály gives a hand to secondary school students in recorder performance and attitudes toward music in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 025576142110059
Author(s):  
Alican Gülle ◽  
Cenk Akay ◽  
Nezaket Bilge Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Attitudes Toward Music ◽  
Experimental Group

Kodály-inspired pedagogy enables students to participate effectively in a music course by engaging in active musical interactions with folk songs and melodies. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Kodály-inspired pedagogy on recorder performance and attitudes toward music of secondary school students. A quasi-experimental design was used in the study. The experimental group was taught using Kodály-inspired pedagogy and the control group using the general music teaching methods for 9 weeks. A two-way mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) and content analysis were used to analyze the data. A Recorder Performance Grading Key, music course attitude scale, and open-ended questions were used to collect the data. Consequently, the findings indicated that Kodály-inspired pedagogy had a significant effect on the students’ recorder performance but the researchers could not find a significant effect on students’ attitudes toward the music course. Moreover, students in the experimental group reported improvement in their recorder performance and attitudes toward music education. The researchers recommended including information about the implementation of Kodály-inspired pedagogy in music teacher textbooks, providing in-service training for teachers to enable them to use Kodály-inspired pedagogy.

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