scholarly journals Reasons for nonadherence to vaccination for influenza among older people in Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259640
Author(s):  
Aldiane Gomes de Macedo Bacurau ◽  
Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ◽  
Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Older People ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Know How ◽  
Lower Adherence

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of non-vaccination and the reasons for nonadherence to the influenza vaccine among older Brazilians according to sociodemographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from older people (≥ 60 years of age; n = 23,815) who participated in the 2013 National Health Survey. Frequencies of non-vaccination and the main reasons for nonadherence were calculated with respective 95% confidence intervals. The prevalence of non-vaccination was 26.9% (approximately 7,106,730 older people). The reason rarely gets the flu was the most cited among the men (28.2%), the 60-to-69-year-old age group (29.6%), individuals with higher education (41.9%), and those with health insurance (32.3%). Fear of a reaction was the most cited reason in the northeastern region (25.4%), among women (29.3%), longer-lived individuals (≥70 years; 28.7%), and those who did not know how to read/write (26.7%). A total of 12.1% reported not believing in the vaccine’s protection, and 5.5% did not know that it was necessary to take vaccine. The proportions of the main reasons for non-vaccination varied by sociodemographic characteristics. This study’s findings highlight the need to increase older people’s knowledge regarding influenza and influenza vaccines. Healthcare providers should be encouraged to counsel older people–especially those in subgroups with lower adherence, such as residents in the Northeast region, those aged 60–69 years, those who do not know how to read/write, those without a spouse/companion, and those without health insurance–regarding the different aspects of the vaccine and formally indicate it for groups at risk.

scholarly journals COVID-19 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES BETWEEN PAKISTANI MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Bushra Suhail ◽  
Ayesha Masood ◽  
Javaria Baig ◽  
Sara Mukhtar ◽  
Sarah Aftab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagious Nature ◽  
Positive Attitudes

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: This study investigated medical and non-medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and preparedness regarding COVID-19 pandemic, to groom volunteers and future healthcare providers in a better way. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was completed from April to May 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19. An online questionnaire was distributed using internet and social media (SM). The questionnaire was composed of several parts concerning to demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practices. RESULTS: This study included 1851 students [1041(56.54% medical, 810(43.46%) non-medical students)]. Medical students had significantly better knowledge about the contagious nature, spread and treatment of coronavirus. Non-medical students showed more risky behavior compared to medical students (p = 0.005). The use of masks and the frequency of handwashing was better among medical students as compared to non-medical students (p< 0.001; p< 0.014, respectively). The odds ratio indicates that students of the age group 21-25 years (45%) and medical students (75%) were more likely to have a positive attitude. CONCLUSION: This study revealed good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices towards COVID-19 among medical students. Still, a minority of participants from both groups revealed misconceptions and relatively poor conceptual knowledge regarding the disease.

scholarly journals Social participation and self-assessment of health status among older people in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-592
Author(s):  
Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Sara Fiterman Lima ◽  
Andréa Suzana Vieira Costa ◽  
Alécia Maria da Silva ◽  
Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e Alves
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crude Model

Abstract To estimate the prevalence of social participation (exposure) and its association with positive self-assessment of overall health status (SAH) (outcome) among 7,712 Brazilian elderly interviewed in the National Health Survey 2013. A cross-sectional study that used Propensity Score (PS) to improve comparability between the group exposed and no exposed to social participation. Poisson regression was performed to determine the prevalence and association of interest using crude and adjusted by inverse probability of selection of PS. Social participation was reported by 25.1% (CI95%: 23.4-26.9) and was lower among poor older people, who depend on public transportation and live in more precarious contexts. Most did not SAH positively, but the proportion was higher when they had social participation (48.0%; CI95%: 46.0-51.0). There was a positive association of social participation with SAH positive. The association using the adjusted model (PR: 1.15; CI95%: 1.08-1.22) attenuated the estimated in the crude model. Elderly exposed were 15% more likely to provide a positive SAH. Despite low levels in Brazil, there was a positive association between of social participation and SAH, confirming that engagement in such activities provides important gains for the health and quality of life.

Statin (mis)use in older people: a cross‐sectional study using French health insurance databases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Borne ◽  
Nicolas Meyer ◽  
Odile Blanchard ◽  
Martial Lombard ◽  
Thomas Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals How do people with dementia use the ambulance service? A retrospective study in England: the HOMEWARD project

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e022549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Voss ◽  
Janet Brandling ◽  
Hazel Taylor ◽  
Sarah Black ◽  
Marina Buswell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Know How ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Standard Template

ObjectivesAn increasing number of older people are calling ambulances and presenting to accident and emergency departments. The presence of comorbidities and dementia can make managing these patients more challenging and hospital admission more likely, resulting in poorer outcomes for patients. However, we do not know how many of these patients are conveyed to hospital by ambulance. This study aims to determine: how often ambulances are called to older people; how often comorbidities including dementia are recorded; the reason for the call; provisional diagnosis; the amount of time ambulance clinicians spend on scene; the frequency with which these patients are transported to hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of ambulance patient care records (PCRs) from calls to patients aged 65 years and over. Data were collected from two ambulance services in England during 24 or 48 hours periods in January 2017 and July 2017. The records were examined by two researchers using a standard template and the data were extracted from 3037 PCRs using a coding structure.ResultsResults were reported as percentages and means with 95% CIs. Dementia was recorded in 421 (13.9%) of PCRs. Patients with dementia were significantly less likely to be conveyed to hospital following an emergency call than those without dementia. The call cycle times were similar for patients regardless of whether or not they had dementia. Calls to people with dementia were more likely to be due to injury following a fall. In the overall sample, one or more comorbidities were reported on the PCR in over 80% of cases.ConclusionRates of hospital conveyance for older people may be related to comorbidities, frailty and complex needs, rather than dementia. Further research is needed to understand the way in which ambulance clinicians make conveyance decisions at scene.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KEPUASAN PASIEN RAWAT JALAN PESERTA BPJS KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH SANJIWANI DI KABUPATEN GIANYAR TAHUN 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Devhy ◽  
A.A. Istri Dalem Hana Yundari ◽  
Ika Setya Purwanti ◽  
Diah Prihartiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Service ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Know How ◽  
Consecutive Sampling

Pendahuluan : Rumah sakit merupakan salah satu pusat pelayanan kesehatan yang diharapkan dapat memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu kepada masyarakat. Berdasarkan penelitian tentang kepuasan pasien rawat jalan  pengguna  BPJS masih banyak yang merasakan ketidak puasannya. Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Mengetahui Bagaimanakah Gambaran Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan Peserta BPJS  Kesehatan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sanjiwani Di Kabupaten Gianyar Tahun 2018. Metode : Rancangan penelitian ini adalah  cross-sectional Study  yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Sanjiwani Gianyar selama 3 bulan dari bulan Agustus – November 2018. Sampel dipilih secara consecutive sampling  sebanyak 60 orang. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan angket. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian 30 orang ( 50%) yang menyatakan kepuasannya, dalam aspek tangible didapatkan  sebanyak 20 orang (33,3%), untuk aspek realibility didapatkan sebanyak 23 orang (38,3%), aspek responsivnes sebanyak 39 orang (65%), aspek jaminan assurance sebanyak 27 0rang (45%), sedangkan untuk aspek emphaty sebanyak 32 orang (53,3%). Diskusi : Tingkat kepuasan pasien pengguna BPJS kesehatan sudah sebagian besar puas, walaupun  demikian ada beberapa aspek yang perlu ditingkatkan seperti pada aspek realibility dan assurance. Untuk itu rumah sakit perlu menyederhanakan sistem administrasi untuk meningkatkan layanan. Kata kunci : kepuasan,  rawat jalan, BPJS kesehatan   ABSTRACT Introduction : The hospital is one of the health service centers that are expected to provide quality services to the community. Based on research on outpatient satisfaction BPJS users still feel a lot of dissatisfaction. This Research Aims To Know How The Overview Of Outpatient Satisfaction Of BPJS Health Participants In Sanjiwani General Hospital In Gianyar Regency In 2018. Methode : The design of this study was a cross-sectional study conducted at Sanjiwani Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Gianyar for 3 months from August to November 2018. Samples were selected by consecutive sampling of 60 people.Results : Based on the research results of 30 people (50%) who expressed satisfaction, in the tangible aspect obtained as many as 20 people (33.3%), for the reliability aspect obtained as many as 23 people (38.3%), the responsiveness aspect was 39 people (65%) , assurance assurance aspects are 27 people (45%), while for empathy aspects there are 32 people (53.3%). Discussion : The level of patient satisfaction of health BPJS users has been mostly satisfied, although there are several aspects that need to be improved, such as the realibility and assurance aspects. For this reason, hospitals need to simplify administration to improve services.Keywords : satisfaction, outpatient, National health insurance

scholarly journals Prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidity in Estonia: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e049045
Author(s):  
Mikk Jürisson ◽  
Heti Pisarev ◽  
Anneli Uusküla ◽  
Katrin Lang ◽  
M Oona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Insurance Fund ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesPrevalence estimates for specific chronic conditions and multimorbidity (MM) in eastern Europe are scarce. This national study estimates the prevalence of MM by age group and sex in Estonia.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study, using administrative data.SettingData were collected on 55 chronic conditions from the Estonian Health Insurance Fund from 2015 to 2017. MM was defined as the coexistence of two or more conditions.ParticipantsThe Estonian Health Insurance Fund includes data for approximately 95% of the Estonian population receiving public health insurance.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence and 95% CIs for MM stratified by age group and sex.ResultsNearly half (49.1%) of the individuals (95% CI 49.0 to 49.3) had at least 1 chronic condition, and 30.1% (95% CI 30.0 to 30.2) had MM (2 or more chronic conditions). The number of conditions and the prevalence of MM increased with age, ranging from an MM prevalence of 3.5% (3.5%–3.6%) in the youngest (0–24 years) to as high as 80.4% (79.4%–81.3%) in the oldest (≥85 years) age group. Half of all individuals had MM by 60 years of age, and 75% of the population had MM by 75 years of age. Women had a higher prevalence of MM (34.9%, 95% CI 34.7 to 35.0) than men (24.4%, 95% CI 24.3 to 24.5). Hypertension was the most frequent chronic condition (24.5%), followed by chronic pain (12.4%) and arthritis (7.7%).ConclusionsHypertension is an important chronic condition amenable to treatment with lifestyle and therapeutic interventions. Given the established correlation between uncontrolled hypertension and exacerbation of other cardiovascular conditions as well as acute illnesses, this most common condition within the context of MM may be suitable for targeted public health interventions.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Approach to Frailty among Rural Older People: Applying the Tilburg Frailty Indicator

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirdavoud Mousavi Sisi ◽  
Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran ◽  
Hassan Rezaeipandari ◽  
Hossein Matlabi
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Tilburg Frailty Indicator ◽  
History Of ◽  
Frailty Indicator

Introduction: Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome. Studies of frailty and old age have been able to help reduce its underlying causes and complication. Understanding the frailty and its associated factors in developing countries such as Iran, can help gather information on conditions of the elderly and better plan for this age population. Therefore, the present study was implemented to investigate the prevalence and determinants of frailty in the rural elderly population of Shabestar, East Azarbayjan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 565 rural older people in Shabestar, Iran during 2018-2019. The data collection tool was the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. The participants were selected by using stratified and simple random approach. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and logistic regression were used to perform data analysis. Results: Of the participants, 46.7% were detected as being frail. The associations between the prevalence of frailty and sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, types of lifestyle, educational level, and income status were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that age (β = -0.84, p < 0.05), the number of medications used (β = -2.72, p < 0.001), hypertension (β = -0.633, p < 0.006), diabetes (β = -535, p < 0.045) and the history of fall during the last year (β = -4.21, p < 0.001) were the most important predictors of frailty among non-institutionalized rural older people. Conclusion: The study confirms the importance of common chronic medical conditions and sociodemographic characteristics in the development of frailty syndrome among older adults. The descriptive nature of the study implies observational trials to clarify more deeply relationship between frailty and the determinants found.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic characteristics of the patients of Tonsillitis attended in OPD of a district level Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Md Sirajul Islam Mahfuz ◽  
Md Ahmedul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
District Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Female Male Female

Aim: To find out the tonsillitis patients and also find out its sociodemographic characteristics in district level of Bangladesh. Method: This was a prospective cross sectional study, which was carried in out patients of tonsillitis attended in OPD of 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalganj. All the patients of acute tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis and adenoid hypertrophy were selected from OPD irrespective of sex during the period of July 2015 to June 2016. Age ranges from 0-90 years and person residents of Gopalganj and adjacent districts. Result: In this study 45.54% were male and 54.46% were female. Male female ratio 1:1.2.Majority of patients were age group 0-15 years (55.97%) Mean age of patient 45 years. Maximum family had monthly income TK 10,000 to 20,000 and maximum patients were dependent (30%) 5-6 family members were highest group, 60% patients lived in katcha house, 75% lived in rural area 35% patients used to bath in pond and majority of patients primary and JSC qualification. The majority of signs and symptoms were sore throat (100%), red, swollen tonsil (26%); white pus filled spots on the tonsil (38%); swollen lymph node in neck (60%) and bad breath (halitosis) (38%). Conclusion: Tonsillitis is still high in rural area of our country and commonly found in younger age group. Thus improvement of related socioeconomic factors, health awareness campaign, improved health education and early accessibility can reduce the incidence of disease. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 180-186

scholarly journals Does perception of drug-related harm change with age? A cross-sectional online survey of young and older people

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e021109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Survjit Cheeta ◽  
Adem Halil ◽  
Matthew Kenny ◽  
Erin Sheehan ◽  
Roxanne Zamyadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Related Harm

ObjectivesTo investigate how young and older people perceive the harms associated with legal and illegal drugs.DesignCross-sectional study: adults aged 18–24 years versus 45+ completed an online survey ranking the perceived harms associated with 11 drugs on 16 drug-related harm criteria.SettingOnline survey.Participants184 participants aged 18–24 years (113 female: mean age 21: SD 1.3) and 91 participants aged 45+ (51 female: mean age 60: SD 8.5).Main outcome measures‘Perception of drug-related harms’: This was measured using a rating scale ranging from 1 (no risk of harm) to 4 (high risk of harm). Participants were also asked about sources which informed their perception on drug-related harms as well as their own personal self-reported drug experiences.ResultsOf the illegal drugs, heroin, methamphetamine and cocaine were rated as the most harmful and cannabis was rated as the least harmful. Alcohol and tobacco were also rated as less harmful. The results showed that perceptions of drug-related harms were inconsistent with current knowledge from research on drugs. Furthermore, perceptions on drug harms were more conservative in the 45+ group for a number of illegal drugs and tobacco. However, the 45+ age group did not perceive alcohol as any more harmful than the younger group.ConclusionsThis survey demonstrates that the greatest misperception was in relation to alcohol-related harms which did not change with age. In order to minimise harms, this misperception needs to be addressed through education and policies that legislate drug use.

Rapid detection of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample of acute diarrheic children

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Sushmita Roy ◽  
S.M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
K.Z. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Stool Sample ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stool Samples

Rotavirus is one of the leading causes of pediatric diarrhea globally. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus diarrhea should reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and ultimately reduce drug resistance. Study was designed for rapid diagnosis of Rotavirus antigen in stool sample by ICT (Immunochromatographic test) as well as to observe the seasonal variation of rotavirus infection. This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College from January 2011 to December 2011. Eighty stool samples were collected from Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ICT. Among 80 patients, 42 (52.5%) samples were positive for rotavirus antigen. Among these 42 positive samples, 30 (71.43%) were from 0-12 months of age group, 10 (23.81%) from 13 to 24 months of age group and rest 2 (4.76%) from 25 to 36 months of age group. Rotavirus Ag was detected in stool samples from January to April and another peak episode from October to December. Considering the importance of Rotavirus associated diarrhea, rapid detection of Rotavirus infection in human is substantially needed and should be routinely practiced.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i1.19354 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(01): 11-13

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