Smoking Attitudes and Prevalence of a Somali Population in London

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianne Straus ◽  
Andy McEwen ◽  
Helen Croker
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Preventative Health ◽  
Smoking Cessation Services ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Smoking Attitudes

AbstractThis research examines the prevalence and attitudes of smoking among a Somali population in London. Eight focus groups and 77 assisted questionnaires were conducted. Findings show that there was little knowledge of local smoking cessation services and several themes arose including: the format and ineffective promotion of the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) Stop Smoking Services, health prom xotion and ambivalence towards preventative health behaviour. Smoking rates in this Somali population appear to be higher than in the UK general population, and higher still among men over 40 years old and those that regularly use qat. Smoking cessation services for the Somali population may be more popular if there were group clinics and culturally effective promotion of the services. The relationship between qat use and smoking should be considered when targeting services to the Somali population.

scholarly journals Opinions of women from deprived communities on the NHS stop smoking service in England - person-centered perspectives.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Anjum Memon ◽  
John Barber ◽  
Emma Rumsby ◽  
Samantha Parker ◽  
Lisa Mohebati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women Smokers ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Smoking Cessation Services ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
Care Capacity ◽  
Stop Smoking Service

Background In most European countries, women are relatively more susceptible to smoking-related diseases, find it more difficult to quit and more likely to relapse than men. With the aim to improve understanding of women’s needs from smoking cessation services, this qualitative study examines perceptions of women from deprived communities on the National Health Service Stop Smoking Service in England.Methods A qualitative study of 11 women, smokers and ex-smokers, who had used Stop Smoking Services located in disadvantaged communities in East Sussex, England. Data were collected through focus group and semi-structured interviews, and were subjected to thematic analysis.Results Women felt that services tailored to their needs would improve cessation rates. They expect smoking cessation facilitators to be non-judgemental and to offer psychological insight into addiction. However, women’s opinions differed on the importance for facilitators to be female or ex-smokers, and on the preference of group or one-to-one services, some women expressed a preference for women only groups. The women praised the continuity of care, capacity for peer support, flexibility of time and location and free cessation aids offered. Conversely, the women felt that services were poorly advertised, that access was not universally good, and that services at work place and drop-in groups would improve access for working women and women with young children.Conclusion Flexible services that are tailored towards the needs of individual smokers and better dissemination of information regarding the range of services available could facilitate greater uptake of smoking cessation services for women in deprived communities.

scholarly journals Evaluating clinical stop-smoking services globally: Proposal for a minimum data set

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Skinner ◽  
Robert West ◽  
Martin Raw ◽  
Emma Anderson ◽  
Marcus R. Munafò
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Minimum Data Set ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Minimum Data ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Smoking Cessation Services ◽  
Stop Smoking Services

AbstractBackground and aimsBehavioural and pharmacological support for smoking cessation improves the chances of success and represents a highly cost-effective way of preventing chronic disease and premature death. There are a large number of clinical stop-smoking services around the world. These could be connected into a global network to provide data to assess what treatment components are most effective, for what populations, in what settings. This requires data to be collected according to a minimum standard set of data items. This paper sets out a proposal for this global minimum data set.MethodsWe reviewed sets of data items used in clinical services that have already benefited from standardised approaches to using data. We identified client and treatment data items that may directly or indirectly influence outcome, and outcome variables that were practicable to obtain in clinical practice. We then consulted service providers in countries that may have an interest in taking part in a global network of smoking cessation services, and revised the sets of data items according to their feedback.ResultsThree sets of data items are proposed. The first is a set of features characterising treatments offered by a service. The second is a core set of data items describing clients’ characteristics, engagement with the service, and outcomes. The third is an extended set of client data items to be captured in addition to the core data items wherever resources permit.ConclusionsWe propose minimum standards for capturing data from clinical smoking cessation services globally. This could provide a basis for meaningful evaluations of different smoking cessation treatments in different populations in a variety of settings across many countries.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship Between Palatal Cleft Type and Width With the Use of Relieving Incisions in Primary Repair

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110196
Author(s):  
Alex Davies ◽  
Amy Davies ◽  
Yvonne Wren ◽  
Scott Deacon ◽  
Alistair R.M. Cobb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soft Edge ◽  
Intravelar Veloplasty ◽  
Pierre Robin

Objective: The mainstay of palatal repair in the United Kingdom is the intravelar veloplasty (IVVP). It is not always possible to align the oral mucosa in the midline to achieve tension-free repair. The addition of lateral relieving incisions may aid transposition of the oral mucosa to allow closure. The aim of this study was to explore cleft features that may predispose to a requirement for relieving incisions in order to allow palate closure. Design: We performed a national multiinstitutional retrospective study using data from the UK Cleft Collective cohort study. Patients: The study sample consisted of 474 patients who had undergone IVVP at the time of palatal closure across all 16 of the UK cleft units. Results: We found strong evidence for the requirement for relieving incisions in patients with an increased degree of clefting per the Veau classification ( P < .001), increasing palatal soft-edge width ( P < .001) and moderate evidence of an associated use in patients with Pierre Robin sequence ( P = .015). Insufficient data were available to explore the relationship between intertuberosity distance and the presence of fistula formation with the use of relieving incisions. Conclusions: The results of this study identify cleft features that increase the likelihood for requiring lateral relieving incisions to allow palatal closure. The degree to which the addition of relieving incisions to IVVP affects maxillary growth and speech outcomes is unknown. Further study is required to answer this important question.

scholarly journals Associations between Practitioner Personality and Client Quit Rates in Smoking Cessation Behavioural Support Interventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. Gainforth ◽  
Sarita Y. Aujla ◽  
Emma Beard ◽  
Emma Croghan ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
Multi Level

Introduction:There is wide variation in the success rates of practitioners employed to help smokers to stop, even once a range of potential confounding factors has been taken into account.Aim:This paper examined whether personality characteristics of practitioners might play a role success rates.Methods:Data from 1,958 stop-smoking treatment episodes in two stop-smoking services (SSS) involving 19 stop-smoking practitioners were used in the analysis. The outcome measure was clients’ biochemically verified quit status 4 weeks after the target quit date. The five dimensions of personality, as assessed by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, were included as predictor variables: openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism. A range of client and other practitioner characteristics were used as covariates. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine if managers' ratings of practitioner personality were also associated with clients’ quit status.Results:Multi-level random intercept models indicated that clients of practitioners with a higher extraversion score had greater odds of being abstinent at four weeks (self-assessed: OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01–1.19; manager-assessed: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.21–1.44).Conclusions:More extraverted stop smoking practitioners appear to have greater success in advising their clients to quit smoking. Findings need to be confirmed in larger practitioner populations, other SSS, and in different smoking cessation contexts. If confirmed, specific training may be needed to assist more introverted stop smoking practitioners.

The changing landscape of local authority commissioning

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-196
Author(s):  
Dave Ayre
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter assesses the history of the relationship between public and private sectors and the extent to which the political and regulatory environment of governments and institutions such as the European Union (EU) can help or hinder the efforts of public bodies in seeking to deliver services that determine the health and quality of life for communities. The relationship of public and private sectors in the United Kingdom (UK) and the commissioning, procurement, and development of public–private partnerships is driven by the prevailing political and economic environment. However, rigorous academic research on the benefits of partnering to organisations, societies and between countries is limited. Evidence is needed to fill the policy vacuum. A bolder approach is necessary to work with public and private sectors to develop and implement successful partnering alternatives to the outsourcing of public services. The growing catalogue of outsourcing failures in construction, probation, rail franchising, health, and social care is creating an appetite for change, and the exit of the UK from the EU provides the opportunity.

23. European Union Law in the United Kingdom Courts

Public Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 835-868
Author(s):  
Andrew Le Sueur ◽  
Maurice Sunkin ◽  
Jo Eric Khushal Murkens
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Parliamentary Sovereignty ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the reception of Community (now EU law) in the UK courts, and in particular how UK courts reconciled the doctrine of supremacy with the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. The chapter will examine three ways in which the UK courts have attempted to reconcile these competing doctrines: by constructing national law in light of EU law; by disapplying conflicting national law; and by reasserting national sovereignty and threatening not to apply EU law automatically. Finally, the chapter will briefly re-visit the case of Miller in order to evaluate that case in light of earlier cases on the relationship between UK and EU law.

scholarly journals Comprehending the relationship between a company and its accountants, 1894–1967: Evaluating and accommodating Foucauldian and other perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-467
Author(s):  
Ying Yong Ding ◽  
Sam McKinstry ◽  
Peiran Su ◽  
Kirsten Kininmonth
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Professional Roles ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Historical Methodology ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

This article analyses the relationship between a Scottish manufacturing company and the accountancy firm which provided it with professional services across its existence (1894–1967). It examines the professional roles fulfilled by the accountants, the work done and the fee income derived from it, in the context of the company’s history. It emphasises the importance of the services provided by accountancy firms for unlisted companies in understanding the development of professional accountancy in the United Kingdom. The material presented is used to test three different explanations of the UK accountancy profession’s rise which relate to the auditing function and has implications for historical methodology and epistemologies. The explanations explored may be categorised as economic rationalist, Foucauldian and jurisdictional points of view.

scholarly journals Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on lung cancer screening in the UK: a qualitative study

BJGP Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen20X101035
Author(s):  
Charikleia Margariti ◽  
Maria Kordowicz ◽  
Gillian Selman ◽  
Arjun Nair ◽  
Yvonne Akande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Smoking Cessation Services ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundLung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been shown to decrease mortality. Low lung cancer survival rates in the UK, driven primarily by late-stage presentation, provide the impetus for implementing screening. Nascent guidance on screening in the UK recommends primary care case-finding. However, the potential impact and acceptability on primary care, and the opportunistic utilisation of other case-finding routes, such as pharmacies, smoking cessation services, and respiratory clinics, have not been fully explored.AimTo explore healthcare professionals’ views and perspectives about lung cancer screening and their preparedness and willingness to be involved in its implementation.Design & settingA qualitative study was carried out with semi-structured interviews conducted with GPs, pharmacists, staff from smoking cessation services within Southwark and Lambeth in London, and staff from respiratory clinics in Guys’ and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in London between April 2018 and December 2018.MethodSixteen participants were interviewed and the interview transcripts were analysed thematically.ResultsParticipants described lung cancer screening as an important diagnostic tool for capturing lung cancer at an earlier stage and in increasing survivorship. However, the majority expressed a lack of awareness and understanding, uncertainty and concerns about the validity of screening, and the potential impact on their patients and workload.ConclusionStudy participants had mixed opinions about lung cancer screening and expressed their concerns about its implementation. Addressing these concerns by providing resources and effective and detailed guidelines for their use may lead to greater engagement and willingness to be involved in lung cancer screening.

scholarly journals Talking about smoking cessation with postnatal women: exploring midwives' experiences

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 760-766
Author(s):  
Rhona Reardon ◽  
Sarah Grogan
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Postnatal Women ◽  
The Uk

This study explores midwives' experiences of talking to postnatal women about smoking cessation. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were held with seven midwives based in the UK. Thematic analysis identified themes which provided understanding as to factors determining discussion of smoking cessation. Six themes were identified, namely postnatal women factors, midwife factors, providing information, involving others, priorities, and whole family approach. Implications for midwives working with postnatal women are discussed, including the need to increase the involvement of other healthcare professionals in supporting postnatal women to stop smoking.

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