‘We are still here’: The impacts of street music and street art during the 2020 London lockdowns

2021 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jonathan Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
School And Community ◽  
Children’S Voices ◽  
Local Cohesion

This article summarises the impacts of a spontaneous arts initiative involving the residents of eight London streets during the 2020 lockdowns. A local arts organization devised small-scale, informal street music projects that were evaluated by the residents themselves. Responses suggested that such events had a strong positive impact on the feelings of community. Common responses included reaffirming the importance of local cohesion, recognizing music as an accessible means of developing new connections in ‘distanced’ conditions and a new appreciation of family togetherness. Those involved suggested that researchers could learn much about the characteristics of cohesive, supportive communities from similar initiatives. The project confirmed that more research was needed on the role schools could play in bringing communities together and how music can be used to build bridges between school and community. Feedback raised questions about the absence of children’s voices in post-COVID-19 planning for ‘the recovery curriculum’.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Humidifier to Control Humidity in a Cold Storage Room for Postharvest Quality Management of Dates

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Maged Mohammed ◽  
Nashi Alqahtani ◽  
Hamadttu El-Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Storage Room ◽  
Ultrasonic Humidifier

Dates are subjected to postharvest losses in quality and quantity caused by water loss, fermentation, insect infestation, and microbial spoilage during storage. Cold storage is the main element in the postharvest quality management used for fruit preservation. Although cold storage is used for dates, precision control of the relative humidity (RH) using ultrasonic applications is not used thus far, or it is applied to other fruits on a small scale. Therefore, we designed and constructed an ultrasonic humidifier (DUH) for RH control in the cold storage room (CSR) of dates. The optimum air velocity of 3 m s−1 at the outlets of the DUH ducts produced a mist amount of 6.8 kg h-1 with an average droplet diameter of 4.26 ± 1.43 µm at the applied voltage of 48 V and frequency of 2600 kHz of the transducers. The experimental validation was carried out by comparing a CSR controlled with the DUH with two conventional CSRs. The three tested CSRs were similar in dimensions, cooling system, and amount of stored dates. The time required for cooling 800 kg of dates in the controlled CSR from 25 °C to the target temperature of 5 °C was approximately 48 h. The DUH precisely controlled the RH at the maximum RH set point of 80% in the tested CSR at 5 °C. The controlled RH at 80% has a positive impact on the physicochemical characteristics of the stored dates. It significantly reduced the weight loss of the fruits and preserved fruit mass, moisture content, water activity, firmness, and color parameters. However, no significant effect was observed on fruit dimensions, sphericity, and aspect ratio. The microbial loads of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts fell within the acceptable limits in all tested CSRs. Both stored date fruits and artificially infested dates showed no signs of insect activity in the controlled CSR at the temperature of 5 °C and RH of 80%. The DUH proved to be a promising technology for postharvest quality management for dates during cold storage.

scholarly journals Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia: A Stochastic Frontier Approach

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Markose Chekol Zewdie ◽  
Michele Moretti ◽  
Daregot Berihun Tenessa ◽  
Zemen Ayalew Ayele ◽  
Jan Nyssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

In the past decade, to improve crop production and productivity, Ethiopia has embarked on an ambitious irrigation farming expansion program and has introduced new large- and small-scale irrigation initiatives. However, in Ethiopia, poverty remains a challenge, and crop productivity per unit area of land is very low. Literature on the technical efficiency (TE) of large-scale and small-scale irrigation user farmers as compared to the non-user farmers in Ethiopia is also limited. Investigating smallholder farmers’ TE level and its principal determinants is very important to increase crop production and productivity and to improve smallholder farmers’ livelihood and food security. Using 1026 household-level cross-section data, this study adopts a technology flexible stochastic frontier approach to examine agricultural TE of large-scale irrigation users, small-scale irrigation users and non-user farmers in Ethiopia. The results indicate that, due to poor extension services and old-style agronomic practices, the mean TE of farmers is very low (44.33%), implying that there is a wider room for increasing crop production in the study areas through increasing the TE of smallholder farmers without additional investment in novel agricultural technologies. Results also show that large-scale irrigation user farmers (21.05%) are less technically efficient than small-scale irrigation user farmers (60.29%). However, improving irrigation infrastructure shifts the frontier up and has a positive impact on smallholder farmers’ output.

scholarly journals Bioreactor Co-Cultivation of High Lipid and Carotenoid Producing Yeast Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Several Microalgae under Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160
Author(s):  
Martin Szotkowski ◽  
Jiří Holub ◽  
Samuel Šimanský ◽  
Klára Hubačová ◽  
Pavlína Sikorová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Production ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Present Pilot Study

The co-cultivation of red yeasts and microalgae works with the idea of the natural transport of gases. The microalgae produce oxygen, which stimulates yeast growth, while CO2 produced by yeast is beneficial for algae growth. Both microorganisms can then produce lipids. The present pilot study aimed to evaluate the ability of selected microalgae and carotenogenic yeast strains to grow and metabolize in co-culture. The effect of media composition on growth and metabolic activity of red yeast strains was assessed simultaneously with microalgae mixotrophy. Cultivation was transferred from small-scale co-cultivation in Erlenmeyer flasks to aerated bottles with different inoculation ratios and, finally, to a 3L bioreactor. Among red yeasts, the strain R. kratochvilovae CCY 20-2-26 was selected because of the highest biomass production on BBM medium. Glycerol is a more suitable carbon source in the BBM medium and urea was proposed as a compromise. From the tested microalgae, Desmodesmus sp. were found as the most suitable for co-cultivations with R. kratochvilovae. In all co-cultures, linear biomass growth was found (144 h), and the yield was in the range of 8.78–11.12 g/L of dry biomass. Lipids increased to a final value of 29.62–31.61%. The FA profile was quite stable with the UFA portion at about 80%. Around 1.98–2.49 mg/g CDW of carotenoids with torularhodine as the major pigment were produced, ubiquinone production reached 5.41–6.09 mg/g, and ergosterol yield was 6.69 mg/g. Chlorophyll production was very low at 2.11 mg/g. Pilot experiments have confirmed that carotenogenic yeasts and microalgae are capable of symbiotic co-existence with a positive impact om biomass growth and lipid metabolites yields.

FAKTOR PENANGULANGAN TERJADINYA WASTE PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI SURABAYA

EXTRAPOLASI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Michella Beatrix ◽  
Nurul Rochmah ◽  
Gede Sarya ◽  
Pebru Dwijayanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Scale Construction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Warehouse Storage ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Material Requirements

AbstractLarge and small scale construction projects have waste that cannot be predicted in advance, even the amount cannot be predicted directly, whether it is in large or small amounts. The existence of waste can have a significant impact that can affect construction costs. Waste can have both negative and positive impacts. Good waste management will have a positive impact on the company in terms of cost, even time, and quality, but if the waste that occurs cannot be handled or managed properly it will harm the company in terms of cost, time, and even in terms of quality. In this case, the party that always gets the impact of the waste is the contractor.This study focuses on mitigating the occurrence of waste that is how to minimize it. Thisstudy uses the distribution of questionnaires to the contractor in Surabaya. The results of this study are 5 item indicators on how to minimize the highest ranking. The 5 items are Updating material requirements, Mixing, transporting, and placing concrete at the right time, Increasing the competence and expertise of labor, Provision of good and adequate material/warehouse storage facilities, and accurate material measurement.  Abstrak Proyek konstruksi dalam skala besar maupun kecil, memiliki waste yang tidak dapat diprediksi sebelumnya, bahkan jumlahnya pun tidak dapat diprediksi secara langsung, apakah itu dalam jumlah besar ataupun jumlah yang kecil. Adanya waste dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan yang dapat mempengaruhi biaya konstruksi. Pada dasarnya waste dapat memberikan dampak negatif maupun positif. Pengelolaan waste yang baik akan memberikan dampak positif bagi perusahaan dalam segi biaya, bahkan waktu dan mutu, namun apabila waste yang terjadi tidak dapat diatasi atau dikelola dengan baik maka akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi perusahaan dalam segi biaya, waktu bahkan dalam hal mutu. Dalam hal ini pihak yang selalu mendapatkan dampak dari adanya waste adalah pihak kontraktorPenelitian ini memfokuskan pada faktor penanggulangan terjadinya waste yaitu cara meminimalisirnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyebaran kuisioner kepada pihak kontraktor di Surabaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 5 item indicator cara meminimalisir yang memiliki ranking tertinggi. 5 item tersebut adalah Updating kebutuhan material, Mencampur, mengangkut dan menempatkan beton pada waktu yang tepat, Meningkatkan kompetensi dan keahlian tenaga kerja, Penyediaan fasilitas penyimpanan material/gudang yang baik dan memadai, dan Pengukuran bahan yang akurat.

scholarly journals Possibilities to Apply the Urban Acupuncture Concept in Kaunas: Social Aspect

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Aurelija Daugelaite ◽  
Indre Gražulevičiūte-Vileniške ◽  
Mantas Landauskas
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Art ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

The concept of urban acupuncture, which has been gaining ground in recent decades, is based on the activation and revitalization of urban environments using small architectural or landscape architectural interventions in precise carefully selected locations of urban fabric. However, the rapid and unexpected design solutions of urban acupuncture, based on ecological design, nature dynamics, street art, material re-use, can cause different social and psychological reactions of urban population and these reactions may vary depending on cultural contexts. Consequently, in order to implement successful urban acupuncture projects in Lithuanian cities, it is very important to find out public opinion and priorities in the fields of public space management, aesthetics, and public art. The aim of the research was to analyze the opinion of Kaunas city residents regarding these issues. For this purpose, a sociological questionnaire survey was used. The questionnaire containing 20 questions was designed, with the aim to find out the trends of use of public spaces in the city, the attitudes of residents towards street art and other small-scale initiatives in public spaces implemented in the recent years, possibilities of creating landscape architecture based on ecological ideas in urban environment, the attitude of inhabitants towards community spaces and community space design in the city, etc. 100 residents of Kaunas participated in this online administered survey. The survey has demonstrated general positive attitude towards contemporary design trends of public spaces and public art; however, the surveyed population expressed preferences towards fully equipped public spaces offering possibilities for a wide range of activities.

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION IMPROVES THE FIRM PERFORMANCE IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
YONGLIANG YANG ◽  
LILI DING ◽  
YI LI
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Innovation Ability ◽  
The Relationship

This research develops a difference-in-differences (DID) model to explore the relationship between environmental policy (The Measures for the Administration of Permits for the Discharge of Key Water Pollutants in the Huaihe and Taihu River Basins, MAPD) and the performance of firms involved in the paper and paper products industry (MPP) in China. Cost and innovation are introduced as mediators to explore the mediating effects. A firm-level dataset from 1998 to 2007 is adopted for empirical study. The findings support the positive role of the MAPD, and the average treatment effect is 0.016.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the MAPD exerts a positive impact on non-state-owned and small-scale enterprises, with coefficients of 0.018 and 0.021, respectively. Moreover, MAPD increases enterprise costs harming firm performance. On the other hand, it can promote firm performance by improving innovation ability.

scholarly journals Knowing and Doing: The Perception of Subsidy Policy and Farmland Transfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Zhang ◽  
Yihan Wang ◽  
Yunli Bai
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Moderate Scale

Farmland transfer is conducive to the rational allocation of farmland resources and scaling of agricultural production in China. The Chinese government launched a pilot program to subsidize moderate-scale farmland management in 2016, yet the perception of the program and its effects are rarely empirically tested using micro-level data. Using data on 523 households extracted from a rural household survey, the Probit and Tobit model results determined a significant positive impact of the perception of moderate-scale subsidies on both farmland transfer behavior and farmland transfer area. If the household knows about the moderate-scale subsidy policy, then it is 19.2% more likely to have moderate-scale land endowment, and the household has 17.626 ha more inflow land than that who do not know the policy. The results show that only 5% of the households know the moderate-scale subsidy policy, thus hindering the process of farmland transfer. Additionally, high levels of educational attainment and non-agricultural income promote farmers’ decisions to transfer farmland and to expand farmland areas for moderate-scale households. However, age, household size, the family dependency ratio, and non-agricultural labor are obstacles to farmland transfer. The findings imply that the government should adopt a more effective policy transmission mechanism to increase the proportion of knowing the subsidy policy for both small-scale and moderate-scale households.

scholarly journals Impact of RCM Spatial Resolution on the Reproduction of Local, Subdaily Precipitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Olsson ◽  
Peter Berg ◽  
Akira Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydrological Hazards ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Urban Catchments ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency

Abstract Many hydrological hazards are closely connected to local precipitation (extremes), especially in small and urban catchments. The use of regional climate model (RCM) data for small-scale hydrological climate change impact assessment has long been nearly unfeasible because of the low spatial resolution. The RCM resolution is, however, rapidly increasing, approaching the size of small catchments and thus potentially increasing the applicability of RCM data for this purpose. The objective of this study is to explore to what degree subhourly temporal precipitation statistics in an RCM converge to observed point statistics when gradually increasing the resolution from 50 to 6 km. This study uses precipitation simulated by RCA3 at seven locations in southern Sweden during 1995–2008. A positive impact of higher resolution was most clearly manifested in 10-yr intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves. At 50 km the intensities are underestimated by 50%–90%, but at 6 km they are nearly unbiased, when averaged over all locations and durations. Thus, at 6 km, RCA3 apparently generates low-frequency subdaily extremes that resemble the values found in point observations. Also, the reproduction of short-term variability and less extreme maxima were overall improved with increasing resolution. For monthly totals, a slightly increased overestimation with increasing resolution was found. The bias in terms of wet fraction and wet spell characteristics was overall not strongly dependent on resolution. These metrics are, however, influenced by the cutoff threshold used to separate between wet and dry time steps as well as the wet spell definition.

scholarly journals Struggle of Vested-Interests on Type-C Mining Digging in Sebudi Village, Karangasem Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Gde Putra ◽  
Anak Agung Ngurah Anom Kumbara ◽  
I Nyoman Suarka ◽  
I Nyoman Sukiada
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Resistance ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
Type C

The application of regional autonomy in accordance with Article 10 of Law no. 22 of 1999 gave local governments the authority to manage natural resources, especially excavation C mining. The management of mineral C excavation in Sebudi Village will certainly have a positive impact and a negative impact on the community. The problems that then arise are that miners often violate the rules, causing damage that has an impact on the surrounding community, causing conflicts between corporations (miners) and the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the conflict and community resistance to the type-C excavation in Sebudi Village. This study uses interpretative qualitative methods through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results of this study indicate that there has been an internal conflict between the community and the miners. The conflict emphasizes the existence of unclear land tenure rights. This lack of clarity triggers small-scale disintegration triggered by the struggle for inheritance over land ownership which causes family ties to become more tenuous, resulting in mutual claims. The existence of mutual land ownership claims between families has an impact on the lack of clarity in the accountability of the land according to its rights and obligations (land certificates), thus causing uncertainty in paying taxes to the state or government. The absence of a land certificate is also one of the obstacles in managing the type-C excavation business permit which must be based on a land certificate.

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