Kurdish women and TV journalism in Iraqi Kurdistan: Experiences and strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Nilsson ◽  
Leah Esmaiel
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Women Journalists ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Kurdish Women ◽  
Journalistic Field ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Unique Study

Few studies on female TV journalists in the Middle East have been conducted. Neither have Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts been used to analyse women journalists’ experiences of their professional practice and their strategies for navigating a male-dominated media world in the Middle East. For this unique study, ten Kurdish women journalists that work for six different TV stations in Iraqi Kurdistan were interviewed. Informed by different forms of capital, the thematic analysis revealed four themes that capture the respondents’ experiences and strategies: coping with perceptions of pretty dolls and honorary men; coping with the threat of violence and a bad reputation; coping with the gendered distribution of news assignments; and tackling glass ceilings and unwritten rules. A particularly interesting result of the study was that while the strategies range from proclaiming any news hard news to openly defying orders from the managers, and to claiming that one’s ability to advance depends on having a strong personality, the focus is consistently on individualistic survival strategies. When masculinity and male norms still dominate the contents of symbolic capital, it may result in seemingly counterproductive practices such as the lack of a distinct ‘we’ feeling among women journalists. For women journalists, the cost of transforming their cultural and social capital into symbolic capital that is effective in the journalistic field is affected by both the journalistic field and the society at large, which creates contextually bound obstacles to women journalists in Iraqi Kurdistan.

scholarly journals Double Trouble: Analyzing the Impact of Statelessness on the Status of Kurdish Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Garfinkel
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Surface Level ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Kurdish Women ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

The struggle of Kurdish women at large has been, as many media outlets suggested, an extraordinary and unique example of women’s status in the Middle East. In contrast to the widespread, surface-level narrative of Kurdish women’s empowerment, a complex political, socio-historical background of Kurdish statelessness has intensified women’s empowerment or oppression. This essay will demonstrate how nationalist ideology, autonomous spaces, and violent conflict may provide the conditions for a 'double revolution' and/or 'double oppression' of stateless Kurdish women through the lens of statelessness. These three features of statelessness intersect with unique features of the stateless Kurdish populations across the Middle East to determine a woman’s status. More specifically, the case of Syrian Kurdistan exemplifies a 'double revolution' while Iraqi Kurdistan exemplifies a case of 'double oppression' for Kurdish women.

scholarly journals Impactos socioeconômicos do reassentamento de famílias pelo Promaben em Belém (PA) | Socioeconomic impact of families’ resettlement by Promaben in Belém, Pará

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aricarla Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Joana Valente Santana
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Water Rates ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City

Este estudo analisa os impactos socioeconômicos na vida das famílias reassentadas no Residencial Antônio Vinagre pelo Programa de Saneamento da Bacia da Estrada Nova (Promaben), na cidade de Belém (PA). Com base no método dialético, a pesquisa contou com levantamento bibliográfico e documental, além de pesquisa de campo, a qual investigou 52 moradores reassentados para o referido residencial, correspondendo a 49,52% do total de famílias reassentadas. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a desarticulação nas estratégias de sobrevivência dos moradores, expressas nas variáveis:aumento de taxas de energia e água, aumento do custo de vidae perda das atividades de trabalho. Oreassentamento não alterou a condição de subalternidade do morador trabalhador, pois apenas a alteração do lugar de moradia dos trabalhadores não modifica sua condição de sobrevivência enquanto classe trabalhadora. Palavras-Chave: reassentamento de famílias; impactos socioeconômicos; desarticulação das estratégias de sobrevivência; Promaben.  Abstract– This study analyzes the socioeconomic impacts on the lives of families resettled at the Residencial Antônio Vinagre by the Estrada Nova River Basin Sanitation Program (Promaben), in the city of Belém, Pará. Based on the dialectical method, the research had a bibliographical and documentary survey, as well as field research, which investigated 52 residents resettled to the referred residential area, corresponding to 49.52% of the total resettled families. The results of the research point to the disarticulation in the survival strategies of the residents, expressed in the following variables: increase of power and water rates, increase in the cost of living, and loss of work activities. Resettlement did not change the status of subalternity of the working dweller, since only the change in the place of residence of workers does not modify their condition of survival as a working class. Keywords: resettlement of families; socioeconomic impacts; disruption of survival strategies; Promaben.

scholarly journals Cost management in track facilities of railway transport infrastructure

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Irina Solskaya ◽  
Sergei Belomestnykh
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Cost Management System ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost

The purpose of the study is definition and substantiation of the main development points of assessment and planning functions in the cost management system of railway transport infrastructure. Methods used in the study include general scientific analysis and synthesis, dynamic and structural analysis of economic indicators, as well as textual analysis of regulatory documents. Such approach enables to formulate industry-specific peculiarities of cost assessment based on general theoretical concepts of effective use of factors of production. The result of this study is an author's developed approach to cost management system for railway transport infrastructure.

scholarly journals ‘It’s not about disability, I want to win as many medals as possible’: The social construction of disability in high-performance coaching

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C Townsend ◽  
Tabo Huntley ◽  
Christopher J Cushion ◽  
Hayley Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Disability Sport ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Performance Coaching ◽  
The Social ◽  
Construction Of Disability ◽  
Social Construction Of Disability

This article draws on the theoretical concepts of Pierre Bourdieu to provide a critical analysis of the social construction of disability in high-performance sport coaching. Data were generated using a qualitative cross-case comparative methodology, comprising 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork in high-performance disability sport, and interviews with coaches and athletes from a cross-section of Paralympic sports. We discuss how in both cases ‘disability’ was assimilated into the ‘performance logic’ of the sporting field as a means of maximising symbolic capital. Furthermore, coaches were socialised into a prevailing legitimate culture in elite disability sport that was reflective of ableist, performance-focused and normative ideologies about disability. In this article we unpack the assumptions that underpin coaching in disability sport, and by extension use sport as a lens to problematise the construction of disability in specific social formations across coaching cultures. In so doing, we raise critical questions about the interrelation of disability and sport.

scholarly journals Groei- en oorlewingstrategie vir boerderyondernemings

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
André Louw
Keyword(s):  
Equity Capital ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Survival Capacity ◽  
Financial Decision ◽  
The Cost

Growth and survival strategies for farming enterprises. The cost-push inflation situation during recent years has forced the farmer to consider the survival objective to be as important as the growth objective. These objectives are related. Any farming enterprise should endeavour to increase its survival capacity. Both an increase in the ability to survive and improved profitability are therefore necessary. Strategic planning gives guidelines to management. Strategic financial decision making is equally important. The financial components that have a substantial influence on the continued existence of the firm are its profitability, amount of non-equity capital used, the cost of that capital as well as tax rate and consumption propensity. The financial risks attached to higher non-equity capital and the resultant fixed obligations can cause liquidity problems, which are aggravated by the present inflation situation. Possible growth strategies considered are borrowing fixed capital and buying working capital with credit; investing assets that appreciate in value and attracting outside equity. cash management and planning are important aspects. Strategies during periods when agriculture experiences financial difficulties concentrate on cost and cash control as well as on higher productivity.Kostedrukinflasietoestande van die afgelope jare het die boerdery-ondernemer gedwing om die oorlewingsdoelwit gelyk aan die groeidoelwit te stel. Hierdie doelwitte hou egter verband met mekaar. Boerdery-ondernemings moet daarna streef om oorlewingskapasiteit te verbeter, dus is 'n toename in die vermoe om te oorlewe, sowel as 'n verbetering in rentabiliteit nodig. Strategiese beplanning gee riglyne aan die bestuur. Ook is strategiese finansiele besluitneming belangrik. Finansiele komponente wat invloed op die onderneming se voortbestaan het, is winsgewendheid, hoeveelheid vreemde kapitaal gebruik, kapitaalkoste, belastingkoerse en verbruikersgeneigdheid. Die finansiele risiko wat met verhoogde vreemde kapitaal en dus vaste verpligtinge gepaard gaan, kan likiditeitsprobleme skep wat deur die huidige inflasiesituasie vererger word. Groeistrategiee wat oorweeg word is die huur van vaste kapitaal, verkryging van vlottende kapitaal deur middel van krediet, belegging in waarde-appresierende bates sowel as die aantrekking van eie kapitaal van buite. Kontantbestuur en -beplanning is belangrike aspekte. Strategiee wat tydens finansiele drukperiodes in die landbou gevolg kan word, konsentreer op koste- en kontantkontrole en hoer produktiwiteit.

COSTS OF FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMMES IN FOURTEEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES BY METHOD OF SERVICE DELIVERY

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BARBERIS ◽  
P. D. HARVEY
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Planning Service ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Project Data ◽  
The Cost

The cost effectiveness of several modes of family planning service delivery based on the cost per couple-year of protection (CYP), including commodity costs, is assessed for 1991–92 using programme and project data from fourteen developing countries (five in Africa, four in Asia, three in Latin America and two in the Middle East). More than 100 million CYP were provided through these family planning services during the 12 months studied. Sterilisation services provided both the highest volume (over 60% of total) and the lowest cost per CYP ($1.85). Social marketing programmes (CSM), delivering almost 9 million CYPs, had the next lowest cost per CYP on average ($2.14). Clinic-based services excluding sterilisation had an average cost of $6.10. The highest costs were for community-based distribution projects (0·7 million CYPs), which averaged $9.93, and clinic-based services with a community-based distribution component (almost 6 million CYPs), at a cost of $14.00 per CYP. Based on a weighted average, costs were lowest in the Middle East ($3.37 per CYP for all modes of delivery combined) and highest in Africa ($11.20).

Rise of the Kurdistan Factor in Regional Geopolitics

2015 ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The North ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Regional Centers ◽  
The Military

This article explores a general situation in the Middle East as well as the role and value of Kurds in regional geopolitics. The author concludes that in the context of a growing threat of the radical Islamists take-over in a number of the Middle East states, the ISIS strengthening, the incitement of a widespread armed conflict between Sunni and Shia communities, and a tendency towards Syria and Iraq territories turning into the area for an open confrontation between regional centers of power, the Kurds intrinsically become a "Third Force" and play an increasingly important role in stabilizing the military-political situation both in each country of their compact settlements and in the region as a whole. The 40-million strong Kurdish nation, divided by borders of four states, preserves its language, rich spiritual and cultural heritage, manners and customs (and hangs on to its age-old dream to create an independent state). The main attention is paid to the Iraqi Kurdistan as to an advance party of the Kurdish national movement. Today, the Kurdish region of Iraq has all attributes of the state, successfully carries out foreign policy and economic activity. The author notes an important role of Erbil as an intermediary in resolving inter-Arab contradictions in Iraq, for the unity of Kurds in Syria, for a peaceful solution of the Kurdish problem in Turkey. A very important statement is the potential of Iraqi Kurdistan to turn into a national and cultural center of all Kurdish people, and to proclaim an independent state on the North of Iraq, if necessary.

From Religion and Resources to Conflict: the Yazidis and ISIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Brittany Foutz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Front Page ◽  
Nobel Peace Prize ◽  
National Party ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
International Media ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Kurdish Women ◽  
First Time

The Yazidis, surely one of the most unknown communities in the Middle East, made it to the front page of international media in 2014 when the Dáesh added them to their long list of victims. However, it was not the first time in history that this community suffered direct attacks and discrimination for their religion. On October 5, Iraq celebrated the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to one of its citizens, Nadia Murad, awarded for her fight against the use of sexual violence as a weapon in armed conflict. With this, Murad placed her people, the Yazidis, a religious minority in northern Iraq, in the center of hundreds of articles in the international press. Murad was also the first Kurd to win the award, which made her, as stated by the leader of the Kurdistan National Party, a symbol of firmness for Kurdish women and youth.

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