scholarly journals Assessing farmers' perspective on antibiotic usage and management practices in small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannatul Ferdous ◽  
Sabbya Sachi ◽  
Zakaria Al Noman ◽  
S. M. Azizul Karim Hussani ◽  
Yousuf Ali Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Scale Layer ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Poor Management

Background and Aim: Indiscriminate and injudicious use of antibiotics in layer farms is a common practice of Bangladesh for the compensation of Poor management practices and ignorance. Despite this scenario, there is no published documentation on antibiotic usage pattern and farm management practices in layer farms. This study was undertaken to understand the farmers' perspective in small-scale layer farms regarding antibiotics usage and farm management. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 120 small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district during January-February 2017. We only considered farms in production. Data were analyzed on antibiotic usage, purpose, egg management, understanding of antibiotic residue, withdrawal period, and other issues. Results: Among 120 farmers, about 94.16% of farmers are using antibiotics without respecting the withdrawal period. Only 39.1% of farmers possess knowledge of residues. In our surveyed farms, 91.83% of farmers are not practicing egg washing before supplying to the market and 52.67% of farmers are unaware of cleaning and disinfection of egg tray. Ten different types of antibiotics of seven classes have found in the survey. Most antibiotics are in the Watch (49%) and Reserve (8%) groups according to the WHO AWaRe categorization and 73% antibiotics are critically important for human medicine and are considered as last resort. Conclusion: This study found that due to the lack of knowledge and poor management, farmers consider using antibiotics as the most effective practices to control disease and enhancement of egg production. These indiscriminate uses of antibiotics are responsible for antibiotic residual and resistance problem. Here, we also provide some suggestion and guidelines to improve management practices to minimize the emerging problems of antimicrobial resistance through small-scale layer farms.

scholarly journals INVESTMENT ANALYSIS FOR SMALL SCALE LAYER CHICKEN BUSINESS (Case Study in Triwidadi Village Pajangan Sub District Bantul Yogyakarta)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Rini Widiati ◽  
Sudi Nurtini ◽  
Suci Paramitasari Syahlani ◽  
Bambang Ariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Scale Layer ◽  
Layer Chicken

Chicken eggs are the most popular and nutritious food in human dietary.The production activities require investments that should create benefit for the business holder, especially for small-scale entrepreneurs with capital constraint and risks. The purpose of this study was to determine investment feasibility and to set alternatives in dealing with the risks on the small scale layer business. Survey method was implemented using 73 respondents selected purposively of small scale layer chicken business in Triwidadi village of Bantul district, Yogyakarta as the sample. Data were collected by direct interview to respondents using questionnaires that related to the research problem. Analysis of investment financial feasibility criteria’s using Net Present Value, Benefit Cost Ratio and Internal Rate of Return, followed by sensitivity analysis in facing business risk.  The result revealed that the average number of birds raised was 1572 birds. The NPV was IDR 37,377,383 per 5 years of investment, B / C ratio more than 1 and IRR was 20.58%. Based on the existing production management, layer chicken investment by small-scale farmers was profitable, but farmers faced on the risk of losses due to increasing feed prices, decreasing egg prices, and increased mortality. In anticipating the risks, farmers should improve productivity so that the Hen Day Average of egg production at least was 77%, on the increase in feed prices and decrease in egg prices of 5%. Small scale layer businesses could provide employment and welfare for society of lower classes.

PSV-9 The effect of management practices on eggshell cleanliness, bacteria levels and cuticle deposition in free-range poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 304-304
Author(s):  
Julie Bosland ◽  
Becky Sartini
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Level 1

Abstract Small-scale egg production is a growing industry in New England; however, foodborne illness risk exists from small-scale free-range eggs due to lack of guidelines for safe handling and management practices. We hypothesized that the manure level (ML) of the eggs along with management practices will affect both the total bacterial levels (relative light units= RLU) and the cuticle deposition (CD) of the eggshell. Hens (n = 53) were used in this study and housed at Peckham Farm (URI; Kingston, RI) in a mobile coop that allowed free ranging. The management practice experiments were divided into nest box type, location, substrate and time/frequency of collection. The CD experiments involved nesting boxes and nest substrate. Data were analyzed using SAS proc mixed/two sample t-test (P ≤ 0.05). There is a difference in ML between level 1 and 2 and level 1 and 3 eggs. Eggs collected from the conventional (CONV; n = 37) and rollaway (n = 25) nest boxes showed no difference in RLU or CD (P ≥ 0.42). Eggs collected from CONV with different nesting substrates (straw, shavings, AstroTurf nest pad; n = 179) showed no difference in RLU and CD (P ≥ 0.28). Nest box location (mounted vs floor level) showed no difference (P ≥ 0.65) in RLU values from eggs collected from CONV nest boxes. Time of collection (1pm vs 8 am) had a significant impact (P ≤ 0.02) in RLU values; however, frequency of collection showed no impact (P ≥ 0.49). The bacteria levels were most likely lower in the afternoon collection because the eggs laid that day did not spend as much time in nest boxes. In conclusion, although different nest boxes or substrates did not change eggshell bacteria levels, management practices that minimize manure levels on eggs and increase the frequency of collection can help to maintain lower bacteria levels to reduce food safety risk.

scholarly journals Crop Management Practices and Labor Inputs for Hop Production in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Agehara ◽  
Mariel Gallardo ◽  
Aleyda Acosta-Rangel ◽  
Zhanao Deng ◽  
Jack Rechcigl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Labor Inputs ◽  
Research And Education

The booming craft beer industry, rising prices of hops, and demand for locally-produced ingredients have recently increased interest in local hop production among growers and brewers. This article describes crop management practices and labor inputs required for small-scale hop production in Florida, with the aim of assisting growers with investment and farm management decisions. It is part of a larger series that will review the challenges of hop production in Florida, based on research experience at the UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Balm, FL. This new 6-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department was written by Shinsuke Agehara, Mariel Gallardo, Aleyda Acosta-Rangel, Zhanao Deng, Jack Rechcigl, Tianyuan Luo, and Qi Qiu.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1409

Impact Of Human Resource Practices In Small Scale Industries In Thoothukudi District Of Tamilnadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
Srimo Fernandas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Small Scale Industry ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Small Scale Industries

In the economic growth of a country, the human factor plays a vital role. The study has been made to study the growth of small scale industries in the development of human resource management practices of in Thoothukudi district. The study has the following objectives. To study the socio-economic outline of the small scale industry owners. To understand the nature of management of the small-scale industry. To find out the motivational factors for starting small-scale industries. To analyse the average income generated by different activities by the small scale industry owners.

scholarly journals Understanding effects of multiple farm management practices on barley performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libère Nkurunziza ◽  
Iman Raj Chongtham ◽  
Christine A. Watson ◽  
Håkan Marstorp ◽  
Ingrid Öborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Farm Management

Can farm-management practices reduce the impact of house mouse populations on crops in an irrigated farming system?

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Brown ◽  
Micah J. Davies ◽  
Grant R. Singleton ◽  
J. David Croft
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Advisory Panel ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Winter Cereals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of a range of farm-management practices on house mouse (Mus domesticus) populations were tested in a large replicated field study in a complex irrigated farming system in southern New South Wales, Australia. An advisory panel, made up of farmers, extension officers, industry representatives and scientists developed a series of best-practice farm-management actions to minimise the impact of mice. Twelve experimental sites were split into six treated sites, where farmers were encouraged to conduct the recommended practices, and six untreated sites, where farmers conducted their normal farming practices. Mouse abundance was generally low to moderate for the 4-year project (5–60% adjusted trap success). We found significant reductions in population abundance of mice on treated sites when densities were moderate, but no differences when densities were low. Biomass of weeds and grasses around the perimeter of crops were significantly lower on treated sites because of applications of herbicide sprays and grazing by sheep. We could not detect any significant difference in mouse damage to crops between treated and untreated sites; however, levels of damage were low (<5%). Yields of winter cereals and rice crops were significantly higher on treated sites by up to 40%. An analysis of benefits and costs of conducting farming practices on treated sites compared with untreated sites showed a 2 : 1 benefit to cost ratio for winter cereals, 9 : 1 for rice and 4 : 1 for soybeans.

COMPARATIVE ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF DIFFERENT SCALES OF POULTRY-EGG PRODUCTION IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-273
Author(s):  
Solomon T. Folorunso ◽  
T. Omosebi ◽  
D. A. Agbonika
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
The Government

The study compared the allocative efficiency and profitability of poultry-egg farmers in Jos metropolis of Plateau State, Nigeria, across different scales. To select 143 respondents, a two-stage sampling technique was used.   Using well-structured questionnaire and interview schedules, primary data on socioeconomic variables were collected. Collected data were analyzed using budgetary technique and stochastic production frontier model. Result of allocative efficiency showed the following: The mean allocative efficiency of the small, medium and large scales was 0.68, 0.12 and 0.11 respectively; the minimum allocative efficiency for small, medium and large scales was 0.30, 0.10 and 0.10 respectively. The maximum allocative efficiency was 0.59, 0.18 and 0.11 respectively for small, medium and large scale farmers. The profitability result indicated that egg production for small, medium and large-scale farms was profitable in the study area with N675, 671.79, N4, 897,236.09 and N16, 327,633.66 per farmer. The rate of return on investment per bird was found to be 19.51%, 31.21% and 83.13% respectively for small, medium and large farm sizes. For small, medium and large-scale farmers respectively, the capital turnover per bird was N 1.20, N1.31 and N1.83. Also, the profitability indices for the small, medium and large scales are N0.16, N0.24 and N0.45. The study recommends that; Farmers should be advised to increase production from small scale to large scale through policies that will promote such, special intervention is needed from the government at all levels through farmers’ cooperatives in the area of inputs subsidy, price efficiency of the farmers could

scholarly journals Small-scale egg production centres increase children's egg consumption in rural Zambia

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e12662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Dumas ◽  
Dale Lewis ◽  
Alexander J. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Rural Zambia

Effects of some crop management practices on reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica on Brassica napus

Nematology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Christopher Steel ◽  
John Kirkegaard ◽  
Rod McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Soil Temperatures

AbstractThe effects of seed treatments with pesticides, soil temperature at sowing, cutting of plants with and without glyphosate herbicide, root disruption and age of crop at inoculation on reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica on Brassica napus were investigated. When inoculated at sowing, plants grown from fodder rape cv. Rangi seed treated with fenamiphos (0.35 g a.i. per 100 g) and from fodder swede cv. Highlander seed with a coating including imidacloprid had fewer galls than plants from seed untreated or treated with omethoate (0.7 g a.i. per 100 g). When nematode inoculation was delayed until 4 weeks after sowing, omethoate and the imadacloprid treatments had no effect while fenamiphos (0.7 g a.i. per 100 g seed) suppressed galling but also impaired seedling emergence and induced chlorosis. Green manure rape plants cvs Rangi and Humus transplanted into infested soil in the field in mid-autumn (soil temperature 17°C) remained nematode and gall-free, but tomato cv. Grosse Lisse plants were heavily galled. All three cultivars were gall-free when transplanted and grown in early winter (soil temperatures 8-14°C). Cutting off the tops of cv. Rangi plants at from 6 to 11 weeks after sowing and inoculation had no effect on egg production compared to that on intact plants. Predominant nematode stages in cut plants ranged from developing juveniles to egg-laying females. Application of glyphosate to freshly cut stems had no effect on egg production at any stage. Infesting soil with roots of cv. Rangi, finely chopped while nematodes in them were still juveniles, resulted in a low incidence of infection of bioassay tomato plants compared with infesting soil with rape roots chopped later, when females and females with eggs predominated. Young females in tomato roots laid eggs despite fine chopping of the roots. When cv. Rangi plants were inoculated at 3, 5 and 7 weeks after sowing, the 7-week-old plants were the least invaded and fewer eggs were produced on the 5 and 7-week-old plants than on the 3-week-old ones.

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