scholarly journals Demographic and clinical characteristics of dogs with centroblastic lymphoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kliczkowska-Klarowicz ◽  
Dariusz Jagielski ◽  
Michał Czopowicz ◽  
Rafał A. Sapierzyński
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
World Health ◽  
Advanced Clinical Stage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Liver Enlargement ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Centroblastic Lymphoma

Background and Aim: Centroblastic lymphoma (CBL) is the most common morphological type of lymphoma found in dogs; it is usually identified through cytology in veterinary clinical practice. This study aimed to identify the demographic and clinical characteristics of dogs with CBL that was diagnosed with cytology and immunocytochemistry. Materials and Methods: Dogs with a suspicion of lymphoma were diagnosed by cytology supported by immunocytochemistry with the use of the updated Kiel classification adapted for dogs. During the analyzed time period, 336 lymphomas were diagnosed in dogs, including 171 cases of CBL. Epidemiological and clinical data from the dogs with CBL were provisionally collected. Results: The epidemiology analysis revealed an increased risk of CBL in Rottweilers, golden retrievers, and Bernese mountain dogs. At admission, most of the dogs displayed generalized lymphadenopathy with spleen and liver enlargement. The most common hematological abnormality was leukocytosis due to neutrophilia. The most common biochemical abnormality was elevated alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities and selective hypoproteinemia due to hypoalbuminemia. Conclusion: Rottweilers, Bernese mountain dogs, and golden retrievers appear to be overrepresented among dogs with CBL. CBL is usually diagnosed at an advanced clinical stage according to the World Health Organization; however, it is usually accompanied by only minor hematological and biochemical abnormalities.

scholarly journals IGF2BP2 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Clinical Characteristics and Development of Oral Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5662
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsuan Chou ◽  
Chien-Yuan Chang ◽  
Hsueh-Ju Lu ◽  
Min-Chien Hsin ◽  
Mu-Kuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Advanced Clinical Stage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Mrna Binding

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) is associated with insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and tumorigenesis. However, the association between the IGF2BP2 polymorphism and oral cancer risk remains unclear. We recruited 1349 male patients with oral cancer and 1198 cancer-free controls. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms IGF2BP2 rs11705701, rs4402960, and rs1470579 were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results indicate that the male patients with oral cancer and with the rs11705701 GA+AA, rs4402960 GT+TT, and rs1470579 AC+CC genotypes had increased risk of advanced clinical stage, larger tumor, and progression of lymph node metastasis compared with those with wild-type IGF2BP2. Moreover, according to The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, high expression of the IGF2BP2 gene is associated with poor survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, our results suggest that IGF2BP2 polymorphisms are associated with less favorable oral cancer clinical characteristics.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Findings in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-2019) Infected Cancer Patients and Chemotherapeutic Medicines against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Chrysanthakopoulos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares that a severe pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was emerged and was spread rapidly resulted in dramatic global economic and health implications. The novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a severe inflammatory reaction and clinically severe complications, although the majority of the infected individuals had mild symptoms and favorable prognosis after recovery. However, cancer patients are a high-risk group as are already susceptible to COVID-19 infection due to their underlying disease and their immunosuppression. Moreover, cancer patients are at increased risk of developing clinically severe complications in case of COVID-19 infection such as, Intensive Care Unit admission, required mechanical ventilation or even death. Another aggravating factor for oncological patients, during that pandemic crisis is the risk of postponing cancer treatment. The present review presents the clinical characteristics accompanied by the corresponding laboratory findings in COVID-19 infected cancer patients and the possible therapeutic role of some known chemo-therapeutic agents based on the recent observations of the International literature.

Antidiabetics: Structural Diversity of Molecules with a Common Aim

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 2140-2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena B. Popovic-Djordjevic ◽  
Ivana I. Jevtic ◽  
Tatjana P. Stanojkovic
Keyword(s):  
Structural Diversity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase Iv Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is an endocrine disease of global proportions which is currently affecting 1 in 12 adults in the world, with still increasing prevalence. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this worldwide health problem, as an epidemic disease, to be the only non-infectious disease with such categorization. People with DMT2 are at increased risk of various complications and have shorter life expectancy. The main classes of oral antidiabetic drugs accessible today for DMT2 vary in their chemical composition, modes of action, safety profiles and tolerability. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed scientific literature and public databases has been conducted. We included the most recent relevant research papers and data in respect to the focus of the present review. The quality of retrieved papers was assessed using standard tools. Results: The review highlights the chemical structural diversity of the molecules that have the common target-DMT2. So-called traditional antidiabetics as well as the newest and the least explored drugs include polypeptides and amino acid derivatives (insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, amylin), sulfonylurea derivatives, benzylthiazolidine- 2,4-diones (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ agonists/glitazones), condensed guanido core (metformin) and sugar-like molecules (α-glucosidase and sodium/ glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors). Conclusion: As diabetes becomes a more common disease, interest in new pharmacological targets is on the rise.

scholarly journals Newborns at risk of Covid-19 ― lessons from the last year

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika D. Shah ◽  
Ola Didrik Saugstad
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract After more than 1 year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a great deal of knowledge on how this virus affects pregnant women, the fetus and the newborn has accumulated. The gap between different guidelines how to handle newborn infants during this pandemic has been minimized, and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)’s recommendations are now more in accordance with those of the World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize present knowledge regarding transmission from mother to the fetus/newborn. Although both vertical and horizontal transmission are rare, SARS-CoV-2 positivity is associated with an increased risk of premature delivery and higher neonatal mortality and morbidity. Mode of delivery and cord clamping routines should not be affected by the mother’s SARS-CoV-2 status. Skin to skin contact, rooming in and breastfeeding are recommended with necessary hygiene precautions. Antibodies of infected or vaccinated women seem to cross both the placenta and into breast milk and likely provide protection for the newborn.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: Recent Updates

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Tahir Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
World Health ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In January 2020, the pathogen was identified and named by the World Health Organization as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The consequent SARS-CoV-2-related disease was defined as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As data emerged about characteristics of the disease, it was found to be associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We explore the recent literature and reports emerging from the epicenters of the pandemic to help our viewers understand the nature of AKI among these patients. 

scholarly journals Clinical Considerations in Otorhinolaryngology Practice in COVID-19 Pandemic Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
Soo Ah Son ◽  
Se Hwan Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
The World ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Health Organization

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic originated in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly worldwide, leading the World Health Organization to declare an official global COVID- 19 pandemic in March 2020. The upper aero-digestive tract is known to be the highest viral load reside. The infection spreads via droplets or direct contact with contaminated surfaces via aeorsol. The otolaryngologists deal with diseases of the upper-aerodigestive tract and routinely are engaged in respiratory droplet and aerosol-generating procedures (AGP). In particular, because airborne transmission occurs during examination and AGP, otolaryngologists are considered to be at a high risk of contracting COVID-19 during this pandemic. Therefore otolaryngologists need to do precautions to protect staff and patients and minimize transmission of the disease. We also need to wear adequate personal protective equipment according to the examination and procedure. This article discusses the disease transmission and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 as well as precaution guidelines in outpatient clinics of otorhinolaryngology.

Impact of Tuberculosis in Elderly Population

2018 ◽  
pp. 326-338
Author(s):  
Gagan Chooramani ◽  
Pooja Singh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Memory

The World Health Organization has declared that the spread of tuberculosis is a global emergency. Despite the implementation of strong tuberculosis-control initiatives by WHO, this highly infectious disease continues to affect all vulnerable populations, including the elderly population. Adverse social factors and poor living conditions also affect the elderly much more than the young. The clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in older adults can be unusual and may be confused with age-related illnesses. Various factors related to old age can also cause complications in the diagnosis, treatment, and disease outcomes for tuberculosis patients. The contributory factors may be poor memory, deafness, mental confusion, or impairment of speech. In addition, therapy for tuberculosis in elderly individuals is challenging because of the increased incidence of adverse drug reactions. Hence, understanding the impact of these substantial aspects will help to overcome the problem of tuberculosis in the elderly population.

A global perspective on suicides and suicide attempts

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Elise Paul
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
World Health ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
World Mental Health Survey ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

Specific populations at risk for suicide differ considerably according to region, country, sex, age, and the most common suicide methods used, highlighting the need for ongoing systematic surveillance to inform prevention efforts. The magnitude of the problem is not limited to suicide deaths. It is estimated that for every suicide, there are 20 more persons who have made an attempt. Individuals who have made a suicide attempt are at increased risk for dying by suicide. This chapter explores differences in the suicide and suicide attempt rates in the general population on different continents, by examining data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Estimates and the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Differences across contexts in suicidal behaviours and the need for ongoing monitoring are emphasized.

Epidemiology and burden

Depression ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Raymond W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Depression is a common condition with a lifetime prevalence of about 15%. People with depression experience significant impairment in psychosocial functioning, particularly in those with a recurrent or chronic course. Depression is now the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Depression is also associated with increased risk of developing a medical illness and an increased risk of overall mortality, even when deaths from suicide are excluded. The economic costs of depression are staggering, largely owing to indirect costs associated with occupational impairment leading to work absence and reduced productivity. Depression remains undertreated, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries, but the World Health Organization has estimated that scaling up of depression treatment returns US$5 for every US$1 spent.

Evaluation of the use of a Healthy Weight Discussion Tool by a health visiting team

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Tess Hickson
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Universal Service ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Group Evaluation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

A quarter of children in the UK are entering primary school either overweight or obese ( NHS Digital, 2017 ). These children have an increased risk of serious health consequences during their childhood years, which often continues into adulthood ( World Health Organization (WHO, 2017 ). A Healthy Weight Discussion Tool was created and introduced into a health visiting service to assist staff to identify and manage children presenting with excess weight. Three teams trialled its use, but uptake of this tool was low. A focus group evaluation was therefore carried out to examine the experience of staff using the tool. Although the tool was effective when implemented as intended, certain factors prevented its use in practice. These findings need to be addressed and the use of the tool re-evaluated to ascertain whether this service improvement will enhance the management of children with excess weight within the Universal service.

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