scholarly journals STUDY OF IPAG60 PLANT PERFORMANCE RELIABILITY IN TREATING DIFFERENT PEAT WATER TO SUPPORT CLEAN WATER SERVICES IN PEATLAND AREAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignasius Dwi Atmana Sutapa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Services ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level

Surface water, including rivers, lakes or ponds, in peatland areas has specific characteristics. Generally, this type of water has high level of acidity, organic matter, and high concentration in several metalic ions, like manganese and iron. The content of organic matter is usually indicated by dark brown color of water. In term of quality, this water is not suitable to be used directly for covering daily needs, such as drinking, cooking, and bathing by the local people. IPAG60 was proven as a small scale plant which has a good ability for treating different types of peat water to produce clean water as per the standards. This plant gives alternative technology to support clean water services in peatland areas.

The duplicity of floc strength

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Jarvis ◽  
B. Jefferson ◽  
S. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Growth Behaviour ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Floc Strength

The breakage of flocs is dependent upon the strength of the bonds holding the aggregate together. The present work describes the breakage and re-growth behaviour of three different types of floc, these were: 1) coagulant precipitate flocs, 2) turbidity flocs and 3) organic matter flocs. Floc aggregates were exposed to increased levels of shear on a conventional jar tester and the sizes of the flocs were observed dynamically using a laser diffraction instrument. The organic flocs showed most resistance to breakage across the whole range of shears under investigation. The dynamic procedure provided detailed information on particle size distributions (PSD). Large and small scale degradation events could be identified from analysis of the PSD data. All of the flocs under investigation showed little re-growth potential after breakage. The precipitate and organic flocs showed slightly better re-aggregation of the small floc sizes.

A small scale hydroponics wastewater treatment system under Swedish conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Norström ◽  
K. Larsdotter ◽  
L. Gumaelius ◽  
J. la Cour Jansen ◽  
G. Dalhammar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Sand Filter

A treatment plant using conventional biological treatment combined with hydroponics and microalgae is constructed in a greenhouse in the area of Stockholm, Sweden. The treatment plant is built for research purposes and presently treats 0.559 m3 of domestic wastewater from the surrounding area per day. The system uses anoxic pre-denitrification followed by aerobic tanks for nitrification and plant growth. A microalgal step further reduces phosphorus, and a final sand filter polishes the water. During a three week period in July 2002 the treatment capacity of this system was evaluated with respect to removal of organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen. 90% COD removal was obtained early in the system. Nitrification and denitrification was well established with total nitrogen reduction of 72%. Phosphorus was removed by 47% in the process. However, higher phosphorus removal values are expected as the microalgal step will be further developed. The results show that acceptable treatment can be achieved using this kind of system. Further optimisation of the system will lead to clean water as well as valuable plants to be harvested from the nutrient rich wastewater.

scholarly journals Analisis Kerentanan Pencemaran Air Tanah di Kota Batu Menggunakan Analisis Multikriteria Spasial dengan Indeks DRASTIC

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luhur Akbar Devianto ◽  
Novia Lusiana ◽  
Fatwa Ramdani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Drastic Index ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
High Level

Groundwater and surface water are important sources of clean water which require an effective management. The use of groundwater and spring as exemplified by Batu City case – as part of Brantas watershed upstream – serves as raw water as well as clean water source for Batu City and Malang City population. Contamination of surface water and groundwater affects clean water supply as indicated by increasing nitrate, TDS, and E. Coli concentration. The study aims to analyze the vulnerability level of groundwater contamination by using spatial multicriteria analysis with DRASTIC index. The DRASTIC index is measured from some parameters such as surface water depth to water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity to evaluate groundwater vulnerability. The results show that Batu City performs low vulnerability (86.93%) and medium vulnerability (13.07%) levels. The dominant factors affecting the level of vulnerability are groundwater levels, slope, and geological conditions across regions. Even though the DRASTIC modelling cannot specify the contamination levels of the different sources, this method is useful to identifying high-level contaminated land uses, managing water resources, and conserving groundwater sources.

Enhanced removal of manganese in organic-rich surface water by combined sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate during drinking water treatment

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (35) ◽  
pp. 27970-27977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzheng Yu ◽  
Luiza Campos ◽  
Tong Shi ◽  
Guibai Li ◽  
Nigel Graham
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
High Concentration

Combination of KMnO4and NaClO is beneficial and synergistic for removing Mn2+in water with high concentration of organic matter.

Managing the impacts of mining on Ghana’s water resources from a legal perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasirudeen Abdul Fatawu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Legal Perspective

Recent floods in Ghana are largely blamed on mining activities. Not only are lives lost through these floods, farms andproperties are destroyed as a result. Water resources are diverted, polluted and impounded upon by both large-scale minersand small-scale miners. Although these activities are largely blamed on behavioural attitudes that need to be changed, thereare legal dimensions that should be addressed as well. Coincidentally, a great proportion of the water resources of Ghana arewithin these mining areas thus the continual pollution of these surface water sources is a serious threat to the environmentand the development of the country as a whole. The environmental laws need to be oriented properly with adequate sanctionsto tackle the impacts mining has on water resources. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure needs to bestreamlined and undertaken by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and not the company itself.

(A review) Vegetation and biotopes of the National Park “Narochansky” with the Map of terrestrial vegetation (S. 1 : 60 000) and the Map of biotopes (S. 1 : 60 000)

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
E. A. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Vegetation Mapping ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Terrestrial Vegetation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Experimental Botany ◽  
High Level

A monograph “Vegetation and biotopes of the “Narochansky” National Park was published in Minsk, Belarus in 2017, edited by A. V. Pugachevsky (Grummo et al., 2017). It includes the Map of terrestrial vegetation (S. 1 : 60 000) and the Map of biotopes (S. 1 : 60 000). Some small-scale maps such as the Map of changes in forest cover of the “Narochansky” National Park for the period 1985–2016, the Map of forest loss in the “Narochansky” National Park for the period 1985–2016 and a series of inventory and analytical maps on the basin of the Naroch Lake are given. This monograph can be considered as a small regional Atlas with detailed explanatory texts to the maps. It presents the experience on vegetation mapping accumulated in the Laboratory of Geobotany and Vegetation mapping of the Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Despite some critical comments, mainly concerning the biotope map, this publication of Belarusian geobotanists deserves an approval. They received the full answers to the questions posed: “What do we protect?” and “What is a current state of the vegetation of the National Park and the main trends of its dynamics? Cartographic design is made at a high level; the maps have both scientific and practical importance in the planning of environmental and economic activities.

Using Histological and Chemical Methods for Detection of Unauthorized Tissues Addition in Emulsion Type Meat Product

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reliable Methods

Total twenty different processed meat plant producing emulsion type sausage were histologically and chemically examined for detection of adulteration with unauthorized tissues. Results revealed that samples were adulterated with different types of animal tissues included; hyaline cartilage, tendon, spongy bone, peripheral nerve trunk, basophilic matrix, lymphatic tissue, fascia, fibrocartilage and vascular tissue. Moreover, these samples were adulterated Also, adulterated with plant tissue included; plant stem, leaves and root. Chemical analysis showed a significant difference in their chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein, ash and calcium) content. Moisture and fat content varied around the permissible limit of E.S.S. while low protein, high ash and calcium content was detected in the examined samples. Therefore, Histological and chemical examinations can be used as reliable methods to detect adultration using unauthorized addition of both animal and plant tissues in processed meat product samples which revealed a high level of falsification.

Enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from surface water concentrates by laser-scanning cytometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zanelli ◽  
B. Compagnon ◽  
J. C. Joret ◽  
M. R. de Roubin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laser Scanning Cytometry ◽  
Direct Microscopic Observation

The utilization of the ChemScan® RDI was tested for different types of water concentrates. Concentrates were prepared by cartridge filtration or flocculation, and analysed either without purification, or after Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) or flotation on percoll-sucrose gradients. Theenumeration of the oocysts was subsequently performed using the ChemScan® RDI Cryptosporidium application. Enumeration by direct microscopic observation of the entire surface of the membrane was carried out as a control, and recoveries were calculated as a ratio between the ChemScan® RDI result and the result obtained with direct microscopic enumeration. The Chemscan enumeration technique proved reliable, with recoveries yielding close to 100% in most cases (average 125%, range from 86 to 467%) for all the concentration/purification techniques tested. The quality of the antibodies was shown to be critical, with antibodies from some suppliers yielding recoveries a low as 10% in some cases. This difficulty could, however, be overcome by the utilization of the antibody provided by Chemunex. These data conclusively prove that laser scanning cytometry, which greatly facilitates the microscopic enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from water samples and decreases the time of observation by four to six times, can be successfully applied to water concentrates prepared from a variety of concentration/purification techniques.

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