scholarly journals A comparative study on Acorus calamus (Acoraceae) micropropagation and selection of suitable population for cultivation in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Abbas Gholipour ◽  
Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar ◽  
Hamed Ramzanpour
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Selection Of

In addition to various medicinal properties, Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is used in health, food, and perfume industries. Since this species is a rare plant in Iran, its propagation and cultivation are of the great importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different plant growth regulators on micropropaga-tion of this plant and to select the appropriate population. The root, the rhizome and the leaf explants of three populations (Arzefon, Pelesk, and Alandan) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus induction and plant regeneration. The results showed that only rhizome explant resulted in direct plant regeneration. Among different treatments, the 1 mg/l treatment of BAP and NAA - with the highest mean number of regenerated plants (3.75 ± 0.85), the highest percentage of grown explants (91.6%) and maximum average length of regenerated plants (12.06 ± 0.32 cm) - was the best treatment for regeneration of sweet flag. The highest mean number of root (6.6 ± 0.1) was observed in Alandan population in 1 mg/l treatment of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). According to the present study, Alandan population is suitable for cultivation purposes in Iran.

High-frequency plant regeneration and histological analysis of callus in Cichorium intybus: An important medicinal plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dakshayini ◽  
C. Vaman Rao ◽  
Anitha Karun ◽  
U. Bhavyashree ◽  
P. Ujwal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Regenerated Plants

<p>An efficient in vitro propagation and in vitro flowering protocols were developed for the medicinal plant Cichorium intybus (Asteraceae) using leaf disc explants. Media supplemented with the growth regulator naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (1.5 mg/l) + 6-benzyle adenine (0.25 mg/l) was used for the initial induction of the callus and further subcultured to the same media for the proliferation of the callus. Pale yellow and green calli were noticed, which depends on incorporation of the growth hormones and their varying concentrations. Murashige and Skoog medium in addition with 2 mg/l kinetin+ 0.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IBA) + 500 mg/l casein hydrolysate resulted in maximum regeneration. Media supplemented via IBA (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) (98%) was found to be<br />optimum for rhizogenesis for in vitro regenerated plants. For acclimatization 5-6 weeks mature in vitro regenerated plants were transferred into the greenhouse for acclimatization. The histological study revealed the presence actively dividing meristematic cells in callus. The occurrence of the peripheral meristematic zone associated with callus was noticed in after 20 days, which formed the shoot meristems after 45 days of incubation. To our knowledge, this is the first report on high-frequency plant regeneration which was carried out indirectly from the<br />leaf explants which was grown in controlled environment with varying concentration of the growth regulators and histology of callus of different stages from leaf explants of C. intybus.</p>

scholarly journals Efficient plant regeneration of bittersweet (Solanum dulcamara L.), a medicinal plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Ucar Turker ◽  
Esra Canserver Multu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

<em>Solanum dulcamara</em> L. (bittersweet) is a medicinal plant that has been used to treat skin diseases, warts, tumors, felons, arthritis, rheumatism, bronchial congestion, heart ailments, ulcerative colitis, eye inflammations, jaundice and pneumonia. A reliable in vitro culture protocol for bittersweet was established. Explants (leaf and petiole segments) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog minimal organics (MSMO) medium with various plant growth regulator combinations. Leaf explants formed more shoots than petiole explants. Plant regeneration was observed through indirect organogenesis with both explants. Best shoot proliferation was obtained from leaf explants with 3 mg/l BA (benzyladenine) and 0.5 mg/l IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). Regenerated shoots were transferred to rooting media containing different levels of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (indole-3-butyric acid), NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) or 2,4-D (2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Most shoots developed roots on medium with 0.5 mg/l IBA. Rooted explants were transferred to vermiculate in Magenta containers for acclimatization and after 2 weeks, they were planted in plastic pots containing potting soil and maintained in the plant growth room.

scholarly journals SKRINING AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN JAMU SUBUR KANDUNGAN KOMERSIAL

el–Hayah ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Mujahidin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Selection Of

<p><em>Selection of traditional medicine is often considered as a choice since the affordable price and low side effects than chemical drugs. One of the well-known herbal medicine produced and consumed in java is Madura Herbal Medicine (MHM). MHM "Subur Kandungan" is one of the original medicinal products which is widely known in inducing fertility, but has not been scientifically standardized so make this many doubt for its usefulness. With the standardization and scientific assessment, MHM ought to be accepted in the modern medical system as well as lead in increasing both society revenues and public health. MHM "Subur Kandungan" consist of garlic (Allium sativum L.), Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus L.), and Intersection rhizome mango (Curcuma mangga Val.) is widely recognized as efficacious herbal medicine for inducing fertility. To determine the potency of those three plants, these were extracted by ethanol and continued by testing the antioxidant potential (DPPH) both individually and mixed. Assessments of phytochemical and antimicrobial potency were discussed. Test results showed that antioxidant activity represented by DPPH IC<sub>50</sub> values of ethanol extract of A. sativum, A. calamus, C. mangga  and a mixture of those are 383.56, 335.68, 32.48, </em><em>27.773 µg</em><em>/ml (ppm) respectively. Allium sativum and A.calamus are weak antioxidants as having IC<sub>50</sub> in the range of 250-500 ppm, while the C. mangga and a mixture of those have strong antioxidant content as having IC<sub>50</sub> of less than 50 ppm. Allegedly due to the high antioxidant content of the content of steroids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, diterpene, triterpenes, and alcaloids in A. calamus, also contains steroids, flavonoids, glycosides, diterpene, triterpenes and alaloids on A. sativum and also the presence of terpenoids as compound intersection primary contained in C. mangga respectively.</em></p>

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Development of Turkey Berry (Solanum torvum SW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ghan Singh Maloth ◽  
Rajinikanth Marka ◽  
Rama Swamy Nanna
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Regenerated Plants

In the present study it was reported on direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledon and leaf explants of Turkey berry/pea egg plant (Solanum torvum SW), a medicinally important plant. Somatic embryogenesis has several advantages over other routes of in vitro plant regeneration. Somatic embryogenesis was induced directly from cotyledon and leaf explants on MS medium fortified with BAP (0.5 mg/L)+NAA (0.5-6.0 mg/L). High percentage of somatic embryogenesis (90%), maximum number of somatic embryos formation (62±0.18)  along with high percentage (76%) conversion of somatic embryos into bipolar embryos was observed on cotyledon explants in 0.5 mg/L BAP+2.5 mg/L NAA. At the same concentration of BAP (0.5 mg/L)+NAA (2.5 mg/L) also resulted  on the maximum percentage of somatic embryogenesis (92%), the highest number of somatic embryos formation (88±0.15) and the highest percentage (76%) of somatic embryos conversion into bipolar embryos in leaf explants. A mixture of globular, heart and torpedo-shaped embryos were germinated on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IAA+1.0-4.0 mg/L BAP. Maximum germination frequency (75±0.14) of somatic embryos and plantlet formation was found in 0.5 mg/L IAA+2.0 mg/L BAP, but they didn’t germinate on ½ MSO and MSO media. The survival rate of regenerated plants after field transfer was recorded to be 75%. These regenerated plants were found morphologically similar to donor plants. The present protocol can be used for conservation of the species and also for genetic transformation experiments in S. torvum.

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration from Leaf Derived Callus of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Janarthanam ◽  
M. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
G. Lakshmi Sai ◽  
T. Sekar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Juvenile Leaf ◽  
Half Strength

Juvenile leaf explants of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni produced maximum callus than the nodal explants  cultured on MS containing 11.31 mM 2, 4-D and 2.22 mM BAP. Callus transferred to MS supplemented with 4.44 mM BA and 1.34 mM NAA showed better growth response and produced 14.0 ± 1.0 shoots with an average length of 5.6 ± 0.1 cm after 28 days. All plantlets produced profuse rooting within 25 days after transfer to half strength of MS basal medium supplemented with 2.46 mM IBA. Rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening, with 90% of plantlets successfully established in the field.  Key words: Stevia rebaudiana, Leaf explant, callus culture, micropropagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5430 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 133-141, 2009 (December)

Acorus calamus: a bio-reserve of medicinal values

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Devi Khwairakpam ◽  
Yengkhom Devi Damayenti ◽  
Anindita Deka ◽  
Javadi Monisha ◽  
Nand Kishor Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Sweet Flag ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractMany plants are found to possess reliable pharmacological properties and have started to attract the attention of researchers. One such holistic plant isAcorus calamus, commonly known as sweet flag, belonging to the rhizomatous family Acoraceae. The different parts of this plant, such as the leaves and rhizomes, are used traditionally in different medicinal preparations for the treatment of various ailments including arthritis, neuralgia, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, kidney and liver troubles, eczema, sinusitis, asthma, fevers, bronchitis, hair loss, and other disorders. Many reports have also appeared in mainstream scientific journals confirming its nutritional and medicinal properties. Biochemical analysis of the plant has revealed a large number of secondary metabolites that may be responsible for its rich medicinal properties. Basic scientific research has uncovered the mechanisms by which itexerts its therapeutic effects. Medicinal herbs such asA. calamusare quite promising in the recent therapeutic scenario, with a large number of people favouring remedies and health approaches that are free from the side effects often associated with synthetic chemicals. In this review, we try to summarise the ethno-medicinal uses, botanical descriptions, phytochemical constituents, and biological activity of the plant parts, as well as the molecular targets ofA. calamus, which we hope will serve as a good base for further work on this plant.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and in vitro Plant Regeneration through Callus Culture of Two Lychnis Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Hwa Bae ◽  
Eui Soo Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration

Lychnis cognate Maxim and Lychnis fulgens Fish. Ex Spreng are two valued ornamental plants in Korea. Soaking of seeds in GA3 solution remarkably promoted germination up to 60%, but the control (0 mg/l) was not effective (> 5%). To select an adequate temperature for seed germination, seeds, previously soaked in a 1000 mg/l GA3 for 24 hrs, were incubated at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C. Seed germination of over 20% was obtained at 15, 20, and 25°C, but only 10% at 30°C. These results indicate that the seeds of L. cognate and L. fulgens are in a such dormant state that they hardly germinate even by dormancy breaker (GA3) and low (15 ? 25°C) temperature treatment. The highest callus induction was observed in the leaf explants of the seedlings on MS containing specific concentrations of 3.0 mg/l BA and 1.0 mg/l NAA. The adventitious shoot was formed < 90% of calli on 1/2 WPM medium. The height of in vitro propagated plantlet was no different media used for regeneration. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of endangered and ornamental plant.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 25(1): 1-12, 2015 (June)

Ploidy doubling by callus culture of potato dihaploid leaf explants and the variation in regenerated plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. M. H. FLEMING ◽  
M. J. DE ◽  
W. POWELL
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regenerated Plants

Characterization and plant regeneration of cell suspension cultures of Lycopersicon chilense

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2257-2260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Francine Greer ◽  
Zohreh Tabaeizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Lycopersicon Chilense

To produce calli for the establishment of a cell suspension, leaf, stem, and petiole explants of Lycopersicon chilense Dun., grown in vitro and in the soil, were cultured on media containing 15 different combinations of benzylaminopurine, kinetin, and indole acetic acid. Among the three types of tissues, leaf explants showed the best response. Cell suspension cultures of L. chilense were established from leaf callus derived from soil grown plants using Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate (250 mg/L), coconut water (5%), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 mg/L). Once established, cell suspensions showed a rapid growth rate with no marked lag phase. Shooting via organogenesis occurred from callus derived from cell suspensions on medium containing 2 mg/L benzylaminopurine. Regenerated plants had the same morphology as the original plants. Key words: Lycopersicon chilense, tomato, tissue culture, cell suspensions, organogenesis, plant regeneration.

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