scholarly journals Non-Enzymatic Glycation and Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products Alters the Activity and Related Kinetic Properties of Aldose Reductase

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1875-1880
Author(s):  
M.H. Mkhombo ◽  
M.A. Mogale ◽  
L.J. Shai ◽  
S.L. Lebelo
Keyword(s):  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Glycation Process ◽  
Temperature Optima

Aldose reductase was incubated with and without either fructose or glucose for 42 days to initiate the glycation process. The concentrations of fructosamine were measured on every 7th day using the standard nitroblue tetrazolium reagent assay. Carboxymethyllysine formed was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay-based methods, fluorescent end-products were measured using spectrofluorometric methods. Activities were assayed by measuring the absorbance of co-factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen at 340 nm. Fructosamine, carboxymethyllysine protein adducts and fluorescent end-products were significantly higher (p < 0.001) when aldose reductase was incubated with fructose or glucose than without. Although the glycation of aldose reductase did not result in the alteration of both the optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme, both the activity and Vmax were increased, whereas Km was decreased. Non-enzymatic glycation of aldose reductase increases both its activity and Vmax, while decreasing its Km. Additionally, glycation did not affect the pH of enzyme and temperature optima.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Activities ofStauntonia hexaphyllaLeaf Constituents on Rat Lens Aldose Reductase and Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products and Antioxidant

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hwan Hwang ◽  
Shin Hwa Kwon ◽  
Set Byeol Kim ◽  
Soon Sung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Rat Lens Aldose Reductase ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Etoac Fraction

Stauntonia hexaphylla(Thunb.) Decne. (Lardizabalaceae) leaves (SHL) have been used traditionally as analgesics, sedatives, diuretics, and so on, in China. To date, no data have been reported on the inhibitory effect of SHL and its constituents on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Therefore, the inhibitory effect of compounds isolated from SHL extract on RLAR and AGEs was investigated to evaluate potential treatments of diabetic complications. The ethyl acetate (EtOAC) fraction of SHL extract showed strong inhibitory activity on RLAR and AGEs; therefore, EtOAc fraction (3.0 g) was subjected to Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, for further fractionation, with 100% MeOH solvent system to investigate its effect on RLAR and AGEs. Phytochemical investigation of SHL led to the isolation of seven compounds. Among the isolated compounds, chlorogenic acid, calceolarioside B, luteolin-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited significant inhibitory activity against RLAR with IC50in the range of 7.34–23.99 μM. In addition, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, neochlorogenic acid, and luteolin-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against formation of AGEs, with an IC50value of 115.07–184.06 μM, compared to the positive control aminoguanidine (820.44 μM). Based on these findings, SHL dietary supplements could be considered for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes complication.

scholarly journals Endogenous Secretory Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Protects Endothelial Cells from AGEs Induced Apoptosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guomin Yang ◽  
Yinqiong Huang ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Xiahong Lin ◽  
Jinting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

Endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE) binds extracellular RAGE ligands and blocks RAGE activation on the cell surface, protecting endothelial cell function. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Endothelial cells overexpressing the esRAGE gene were generated using a lentiviral vector. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to assess esRAGE mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Hoechst-PI double staining was used to assess apoptosis. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to assess the expression levels of apoptosis-related factors and the proinflammatory cytokine NF-кB. Compared with the control group, AGEs significantly induced endothelial cell apoptosis, which was significantly reduced by esRAGE overexpression. Incubation with AGEs upregulated the proapoptotic factor Bax and downregulated the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2. Overexpression of esRAGE reduced Bax expression induced by AGEs and increased Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, AGEs increased the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokine NF-кB, which were reduced after esRAGE overexpression. esRAGE protects endothelial cells from AGEs associated apoptosis, by downregulating proapoptotic (Bax) and inflammatory (NF-кB) factors and upregulating the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2.

scholarly journals Relevance of Receptor for Advanced Glycation end Products (RAGE) in Murine Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Alexandra Eichhorst ◽  
Christoph Daniel ◽  
Rita Rzepka ◽  
Bettina Sehnert ◽  
Falk Nimmerjahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

It is incompletely understood how self-antigens become targets of humoral immunity in antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases. In this context, alarmins are discussed as an important level of regulation. Alarmins are recognized by various receptors, such as receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). As RAGE is upregulated under inflammatory conditions, strongly binds nucleic acids and mediates pro-inflammatory responses upon alarmin recognition, our aim was to examine its contribution to immune complex-mediated autoimmune diseases. This question was addressed employing RAGE−/− animals in murine models of pristane-induced lupus, collagen-induced, and serum-transfer arthritis. Autoantibodies were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, renal disease by quantification of proteinuria and histology, arthritis by scoring joint inflammation. The associated immune status was determined by flow cytometry. In both disease entities, we detected tendentiously decreased autoantibody levels in RAGE−/− mice, however no differences in clinical outcome. In accordance with autoantibody levels, a subgroup of the RAGE−/− animals showed a decrease in plasma cells, and germinal center B cells and an increase in follicular B cells. Based on our results, we suggest that RAGE deficiency alone does not significantly affect antibody-mediated autoimmunity. RAGE may rather exert its effects along with other receptors linking environmental factors to auto-reactive immune responses.

scholarly journals Elevated level of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products involved in sarcopenia: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-En Wu ◽  
Yi-Lin Chiu ◽  
Tung-Wei Kao ◽  
Wei-Liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Srage Level ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

Abstract Background The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has been proposed to serve as a marker for disease severity, but its role in sarcopenia, an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and function, remains elusive. This study examines the association between sRAGE and sarcopenia. Methods A total of 314 community-dwelling elderly adults who had their health examination at Tri-Service General Hospital from 2017 to 2019 underwent protein analysis with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship with sarcopenia and its detailed information, including components and diagnosis status, were examined using linear and logistic regressions. Results As for sarcopenia components, low muscle mass (β = 162.8, p = 0.012) and strength (β = 181.31, p = 0.011) were significantly correlated with sRAGE, but not low gait speed (p = 0.066). With regard to disease status, confirmed sarcopenia (β = 436.93, p < 0.001), but not probable (p = 0.448) or severe sarcopenia (p = 0.488), was significantly correlated with sRAGE. In addition, females revealed a stronger association with sRAGE level by showing significant correlations with low muscle mass (β = 221.72, p = 0.014) and low muscle strength (β = 208.68, p = 0.043). Conclusions sRAGE level showed a positive association with sarcopenia, illustrating its involvement in the evolution of sarcopenia. This association is more evident in female groups, which may be attributed to the loss of protection from estrogen in postmenopausal women. Utilizing sRAGE level as a prospective marker for sarcopenia deserves further investigation in future studies.

scholarly journals Circulating soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and other factors in type 2 diabetes patients with colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohai Zhou ◽  
Ning Lin ◽  
Mingjie Zhang ◽  
Xiaoling Wang ◽  
Ye An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background Recent study showed that individuals with type 2 diabetes have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), in which Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) plays a pivotal role. We conducted a cross-sectional study to examine the relationships of circulating sRAGE, CRC and other clinical factors in type2 diabetes patients. Methods A total of 150 type 2 diabetes patients aged 50 years and older were enrolled, including 50 patients with CRC and 100 patients without CRC. We measured Serum levels of sRAGE and interleukin-6(IL-6) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, other clinical parameters were also measured during hospitalization. Results Type 2 diabetes patients with CRC had higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, IL-6, and circulating sRAGE levels and lower use of medicines than type 2 diabetes patients without CRC. Circulating sRAGE was associated with an increased risk for CRC (OR = 2.289 for each SD increase in sRAGE, 95% CI = 1.037–5.051; P = 0.04) among Type 2 diabetes patients after adjustment for confounders. Furthermore, circulating sRAGE levels among type 2 diabetes patients were positively correlated with triglyceride (r = 0.377, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (r = 0.491, P < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c)(r = 0.330, P < 0.001) levels; the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)score (r = 0.194, P = 0.017); and fasting serum insulin (r = 0.167, P = 0.041) and IL-6 (r = 0.311, P < 0.001) concentrations. Conclusions Our results suggested that circulating sRAGE is independently risk factor for CRC, and also closely related to inflammation, dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes patients.

scholarly journals Plasma Catestatin Levels and Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients on Hemodialysis

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Mirko Luketin ◽  
Maja Mizdrak ◽  
Dijana Boric-Skaro ◽  
Dinko Martinovic ◽  
Daria Tokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Catestatin (CST) is a pleiotropic peptide involved in cardiovascular protection with its antihypertensive and angiogenic effects. Considering that patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are associated with higher cardiovascular risk, the aim of this study was to investigate plasma CST levels in HD patients, compare them to healthy controls and evaluate possible CST associations with advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and laboratory, anthropometric and clinical parameters. The study included 91 patients on HD and 70 healthy controls. Plasma CST levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a commercially available diagnostic kit, while AGEs were determined using skin autofluorescence. Plasma CST levels were significantly higher in the HD group compared to the controls (32.85 ± 20.18 vs. 5.39 ± 1.24 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and there was a significant positive correlation between CST and AGEs (r = 0.492, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between plasma CST levels with both the Dialysis Malnutrition Score (r = 0.295, p = 0.004) and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (r = 0.290, p = 0.005). These results suggest that CST could be playing a role in the complex pathophysiology of ESRD/HD and that it could affect the higher cardiovascular risk of patients on HD.

Inhibitors of aldose reductase and advanced glycation end-products formation from the leaves of Stelechocarpus cauliflorus R.E. Fr.

Phytomedicine ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 546-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wirasathien ◽  
T. Pengsuparp ◽  
R. Suttisri ◽  
H. Ueda ◽  
M. Moriyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

scholarly journals The Association of Serum Thrombomodulin with Endothelial Injuring Factors in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Budzyń ◽  
Bogna Gryszczyńska ◽  
Wacław Majewski ◽  
Zbigniew Krasiński ◽  
Magdalena Paulina Kasprzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Age And Sex

Background.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration of serum thrombomodulin (sTM) in the AAA patients and to examine its correlation with various factors which may potentially participate in the endothelial injury.Materials and Methods.Forty-one patients with AAA were involved and divided into subgroups based on different criteria. Concentration of sTM was measured using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were compared with those obtained in 30 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers.Results.The higher concentration of sTM was observed in AAA patients compared with those in controls volunteers [2.37 (1.97–2.82) ng/mL versus 3.93 (2.43–9.20) ng/mL,P< 0.001]. An elevated sTM associated significantly with increased triglycerides (TAG) [P= 0.022], cholesterol [P= 0.029], hsCRP [P= 0.031], and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) [P= 0.033].Conclusions.The elevation of serum sTM level suggests that endothelial damage occurs in AAA pathogenesis. The correlations observed indicate that lipids abnormalities, inflammation, and oxidative stress may be involved in this destructive process.

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