scholarly journals Thrombocytopenia in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Sunarto Sunarto ◽  
Sutaryo Sutaryo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The Other ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Thrombocyte Count ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

According to WHO thrombocytopenia is one of the diagnostic criteria of DHF. On the other hand many studies have reported DHF cases without evidence of thrombocytopenia. One hundred fifty nine DHF out of485 suspected cases were assessed for their platelet counts. Diagnosis of DHF was established based on the WHO criteria, and confirmed by the hemagglutination inhibition test. The platelet counts were done serially and intensively by phase contrast microscope from the first day of hospitalization until the patient's discharge. In 77 patients thrombocytopenia appeared for the first time during hospitalization. Mild thrombocytopenia appeared in almost all of these cases before thrombocyte count of 100,000 reached. Seventy two patients had shown thrombocytopenia on the day of admission. No thrombocytopenia was found on the second day of illness, the earliest time of the detection of thrombocytopenia was on the Jrri and the latest was on the 8th day of illness. Thrombocytopenia lasted 1-5 days. It is concluded that many DHF diagnosis would have been missed if the thrombocyte investigation had not been done serially and intensively. Mild thrombocytopenia in DHF suspected patients should call attention to do platelet investigation intensively in those cases.

Methods of transplanting nuclei from single cultured cells to unfertilized frogs' eggs

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
J. B. Gurdon ◽  
R. A. Laskey
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phase Contrast Microscope ◽  
Cell Method ◽  
Attached Cell ◽  
Contrast Microscope

Two methods of transplanting single nuclei from monolayers of cultured cells to unfertilized eggs of Xenopus laevis are described, illustrated, and tested. The detached-cell method is simpler and quicker to operate and is suitable for homogeneous populations of cells which are easily removed from the substrate on which they are growing. The other, attached-cell, method is technically more elaborate, but is applicable to cells whose properties can be individually determined under the phase-contrast microscope and to cells which are not readily dissociated from other cells or from their substrate.

scholarly journals Description of the last instar larva and new contributions to the knowledge of the pupa of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya (Diptera, Culicomorpha, Ceratopogonidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (3 suppl) ◽  
pp. 1625-1633
Author(s):  
FLORENTINA DÍAZ ◽  
DANIELLE ANJOS-SANTOS ◽  
AMPARO FUNES ◽  
MARÍA M. RONDEROS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
Patagonian Steppe ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
First Time ◽  
Small Wetland ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The fourth instar larva of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya is described for the first time and a complete description of the pupa is provided, through use of phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Studied specimens were collected in a pond connected to a small wetland "mallin" on the Patagonian steppe, Chubut province, Argentina.

scholarly journals In vitro cultivation and immunostaining of Lawsonia intracellularis strains

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz ◽  
Katarzyna Podgórska ◽  
Agnieszka Nowak ◽  
Zygmunt Pejsak
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cell Medium

Abstract The aim of the study was to implement in vitro cultivation of L. intracellularis strains using ATCC 55783 and vaccine strains, and McCoy cells (ATCC CRL-1696). The infection was monitored by daily observations under phase contrast microscope. Indirect immunostaining using monoclonal antibody was also performed. Large number of S-shaped, moving bacteria were found in the cell medium in cultures infected with ATCC 55783 and vaccine strain. Immunostaining revealed a high number of multiple cell-associated or intracellular red stained bacteria in the infected cultures. This study describes for the first time in vitro cultivation of L. intracellularis in Poland, which creates further perspective for more advanced research on this bacterium.

scholarly journals Blood Coagulation in Arthropods

Blood ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1173-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH. GRÉGOIRE
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Material ◽  
Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Phase Contrast Microscope ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
Special Category

Abstract 1. Thin films of freshly drawn hemolymph of about 360 insects belonging to 61 different species were observed under the phase contrast microscope and the process of coagulation investigated. Control of the observations by motion picture recordings were performed in a few species. 2. In the hemolymph of all the insects investigated, a category of hyaline hemocytes can easily be recognized under the phase contrast microscope from the other kinds of blood cells. Attempts of identification of these hyaline hemocytes with elements described in the classifications of insect blood cells based on fixation and staining were inconclusive. 3. In the insects in which the blood clotting does not occur, these hyaline hemocytes do not exhibit any important alteration. In species inn which blood coagulation occurs, the cells of this category appear to be highly labile to contact to glass surfaces. They undergo rapid modifications in their structure which play an important if not exclusive part in the initiation of the plasma coagulation. In the present material these alterations are of two kinds, each of them being related to a different appearance of the plasma reaction. They can occur alone or together. 4. In contrast to the hyaline hemocytes, the other categories of blood cells do not take part in the process of coagulation. Scattered or agglutinated at random, they are passively embedded in the coagulum. 5. In the present material, hemolymph coagulation appears to be a continuous process, initiated by alterations taking place in a single category of hemocytes. These alterations are followed by various degrees of plasma coagulation, from a general macroscopic clotting to a limited reaction detectable only under the microscope. 6. The results are at variance with former data in which the coagulation of insect blood was described as being either a cellular agglutination, in which no special part was recognized to be played by a special category of cells, or a plasma coagulation, both considered as two physiologically distinct processes, which can occur independently or together. On the other hand, the present results show an analogy with the type of coagulation described in crustacean blood by Hardy, Tait, Tait and Gunn, in which a special category of cells, Hardy's explosive cells, as distinguished from the other blood cells, has a specific and important part to play.

The Diversity and Distribution of Mosses in Gujarat: Current Status

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Shah ◽  
R. V. Gujar ◽  
A. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Gujarat harbors a large diversity of habitats ranging from deserts to moist deciduous forest to grasslands and coastal areas which provide a variety of microhabitats necessary for colonisation by bryophytes. An earlier study reported 44 species of mosses in Gujarat. 75% of the districts however remained unsurveyed. Hence, to understand the diversity of bryophytes in the state and its distribution, an intensive study was carried from November 2013 to February 2015. The present study reports the presence of 24 species of mosses which belong to 12 genera falling under 7 families. Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Plagiothiaceae and Fissidentaceae are the dominant moss families of Gujarat while Bryum, Stereophyllum and Hyophila are the dominant moss genera with four species each. Gymnostomiella. vernicosa (Hook.) Fleish. and Hyophila. involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. were the most common and found in almost all the districts of Gujarat. The other common species included Hydrogonium consanguineum (Thw. et Mitt.), Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng., Bryum coronatum Schwaegr, Bryum capillare L. ex Hedw. Brachyemenium turgidium Broth. ex Dix., Fissidens curvatoinvolutus Dixon. and Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng . Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendth. and Hyophila spathulata (Harv.) Jaeg. are being reported for the first time from the state. Moss records are being reported for the first time for more than 20 districts of the state. Dangs district has the highest diversity followed by Junagadh, Panchmahal and Valsad districts

scholarly journals Solar polarimetry in the K I D2 line : A novel possibility for a stratospheric balloon

2018 ◽  
Vol 610 ◽  
pp. A79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Quintero Noda ◽  
G. L. Villanueva ◽  
Y. Katsukawa ◽  
S. K. Solanki ◽  
D. Orozco Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stratospheric Balloon ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Solar Polarimetry ◽  
First Time

Of the two solar lines, K I D1 and D2, almost all attention so far has been devoted to the D1 line, as D2 is severely affected by an O2 atmospheric band. This, however, makes the latter appealing for balloon and space observations from above (most of) the Earth’s atmosphere. We estimate the residual effect of the O2 band on the K I D2 line at altitudes typical for stratospheric balloons. Our aim is to study the feasibility of observing the 770 nm window. Specifically, this paper serves as a preparation for the third flight of the Sunrise balloon-borne observatory. The results indicate that the absorption by O2 is still present, albeit much weaker, at the expected balloon altitude. We applied the obtained O2 transmittance to K I D2 synthetic polarimetric spectra and found that in the absence of line-of-sight motions, the residual O2 has a negligible effect on the K I D2 line. On the other hand, for Doppler-shifted K I D2 data, the residual O2 might alter the shape of the Stokes profiles. However, the residual O2 absorption is sufficiently weak at stratospheric levels that it can be divided out if appropriate measurements are made, something that is impossible at ground level. Therefore, for the first time with Sunrise III, we will be able to perform polarimetric observations of the K I D2 line and, consequently, we will have improved access to the thermodynamics and magnetic properties of the upper photosphere from observations of the K I lines.

Measurement-device-independent semiquantum key distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjun He ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Chunhui Wu ◽  
Wai Hong Chan ◽  
Shengyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Key Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Side Channel Attacks ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Measurement Device Independent

Semiquantum key distribution (SQKD) allows two parties to share a common string when one of them is quantum and the other has rather limited quantum capability. Almost all existing SQKD protocols have been proved to be robust in theory, namely that if an eavesdropper tries to gain information, he will inevitably induce some detectable errors. However, ideal devices do not exist in reality and their imperfection may result in side-channel attacks, which can be used by an adversary to get some information on the secret key string. In this paper, we design a measurement-device-independent SQKD protocol for the first time, which can remove the threat of all detector side-channel attacks and show that it is also robust. In addition, we discuss the possible use of the proposed protocol in real-world applications and in QKD networks.

On the stalks of certain peritrichs

1962 ◽  
Vol 245 (719) ◽  
pp. 59-79 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basal Bodies ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Physiological Character ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
Longitudinal Structures

The stalks of peritrich protozoa have aroused great interest for many years and for many reasons. Some are contractile, some are not. This attribute of contractility, first observed by Leeuwenhoek in Vorticella and published in this journal in 1676, is one good reason for further studies of a structural, cytochemical and physiological character. This paper is mainly concerned with matters of fine structure which relate not only to the mechanism of contraction in those stalks that behave in this way, but also to wider problems of morphogenesis in ciliates. The early literature of this subject is clouded with optical artifact and one of the first problems to be solved is the precise difference between non-contractile and contractile stalks. Seven families are now included in the suborder Sessilina of the Peritrichida and members of the Epistylididae and the Vorticellidae have been selected for this investigation. This choice has made possible a detailed comparative study of fine structure in the non-contractile stalks of the first group and the contractile ones of the second. All stalks possess longitudinally arranged structures. In the non-contractile stalks these structures are tubular in form and may be observed in the phase-contrast microscope. In the contractile stalks the longitudinal structures are of two main kinds, one of which is confined to the annulus and the other to an inner canal separated from the annulus by a membrane. The annular structures are tubular and numerous in Carchesium and Zoothamnium and transversely striated, while in Vorticella they are composed of unstriated fibres, few in number. The structure within the canal is the main feature that distinguishes the stalks of Vorticellidae from those of Epistylididae. It consists of a long bundle of closely packed fine fibrils and is to be identified with the stalk spasmoneme or myoneme of the older literature. Only one type of fibril has been observed in the spasmonemes and present facts are not consistent with the idea that they contract in the same way as muscles. The spasmoneme is protein in nature with positive indications of the presence of —NH 2 , S—H, and S—S groups. The annular structure in the Vorticellidae and the tubular structures of Epistylididae have cytochemical affinities with the keratin group of proteins. Structurally, they grow out as the stalk develops from an assembly of organelles known collectively as the scopula. In the contractilia the spasmoneme passes into the zooid through a more or less central gap in the scopula and terminates in the form of a circular fan of fibrils on or close to the zooid pellicle. The fine structure of the stalk tubules of the Epistylididae has been investigated in some detail, particularly for one species of Epistylis. In Epistylis and Opercularia the tubules are transversely striated in a manner similar to that described for Carchesium and Zoothamnium . In Campanella each tubule consists of a loose helix of fibrils interlocked with those of neighbouring tubules. The form of attachment of the tubules of Epistylis and Opercularia to the scopula organelles has been determined. Wherever the preparations were of sufficient quality a comparison has been made of scopula organelles and the corresponding and possibly homologous structures of normal cilia known as basal bodies or kinetosomes. There are similarities and, of course, differences. It seems justifiable to regard the scopula organelles as basal bodies modified in the course of the evolution of this Order for the purpose of contributing a degree of structural stability and rigidity to the stalks. No such obvious ‘origin’ for the spasmoneme has been found in the adult organisms. This illustrates the danger and perhaps sterility of attempts to link the genesis of one structure to another on purely morphological grounds. The role of the scopula organelles and in a wider context kinetosomes in the organization and possibly the synthesis of fibrous proteins is discussed.

scholarly journals The immatures of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 141-154
Author(s):  
Danielle Anjos-Santos ◽  
Florentina Díaz ◽  
Gustavo Ricardo Spinelli ◽  
María Marcela Ronderos
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
New Records ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
Patagonian Steppe ◽  
Contrast Microscope ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Data ◽  
Electron Microscope Data

The fourth instar larva and the pupa ofBezziachilensisSpinelli & Ronderos, 2001 are described for the first time. The immature stages were collected from macrophytes and filamentous algae in streams of the Patagonian steppe, in the provinces of Neuquén and Chubut, Argentina. The described stages were photographed and illustrated with a phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Data on the bionomics of the species, new records and tables for characters of the known larvae and pupae ofBezziaKieffer, 1899 from the Neotropical region are provided.

Two laticifer systems in Sapium haematospermum — new records for Euphorbiaceae

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Demarco ◽  
Marilia de Moraes Castro ◽  
Lia Ascensão
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
New Records ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Starch Grains ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Sapium haematospermum Müll.Arg. presents two different laticifer systems, distinguishable on the basis of their structure and ontogeny. Although they are both articulated anastomosing laticifers, produced from procambium and (or) ground meristem, they vary in diameter and in the presence or absence of starch. One of them, originating near the promeristem and leaf primordia, is composed of straight, wide laticifers with rod-shaped starch grains, whereas the other one is made up of narrow and sinuous laticifers that arise in expanding organs. The two systems are observed in almost all tissues of the leaf and in the cortical parenchyma and vascular tissue of the stem. Our results show the presence of two different laticifer systems for the first time in Sapium and contradict former reports that described nonarticulated laticifers in this genus. The occurrence of two different laticifer types in the same genus, and indeed the same plant, is extremely rare. The milky latex of the two laticifer systems of S. haematospermum, which consists of terpenoids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, proteins, and polysaccharides (including mucilage), plays an efficient role in sealing wounds, blocking microorganisms, and avoiding herbivory.

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