Karakter Fisiologi dan Hasil dari Tanaman Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) Pada Perlakuan Pemupukan Fosfat dan Mikoriza

This study aimed to determine phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza dosages as well as the interaction of both treatments to the physiological character and the yield of ciplukan plants. The experiment was carried out from February to July 2020 on an experimental farm. The study used a Randomized Completely Block Design, consisted of two factors. The first factor was the dose of SP-36 fertilizer, containing 36% phosphate (P2O5), and the levels were P0 = 0% dose (0 kg/ha), P1 = 25% dose (75 kg/ha), P2 = 50% dose (150 kg/ha), and P3 = 100% dose (300 kg/ha). The second factor was the mycorrhizal dose, namely M0 = 0 g, M1 = 3 g, M2 = 6 g, and M3 = 9 g (containing 10 spores per 3 g). Each treatment combination was in triplicates. The measurement and observation data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (F-test), followed by Duncan's multiple range test with P-value = 0.05 and regression. The results showed that application of 75 kg/ha dose was equivalent to the application of 300 kg/ha. P uptakes at 75 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha dose of fertilizer were 22,03 ppm and 23,18 ppm, respectively. The plant growth rate was 12,39 g/cm2/week on the application of 75 kg/ha fertilizer and resulted in 14,24 g/cm2/week on 300 kg/ha dose. The mycorrhiza application was significantly different from the root infection at a dose of 6 g, namely 49.177%. There was an interaction between the dose of SP-36 fertilizer and the mycorrhiza on leaf chlorophyll content at a dose of 0% and 3 g mycorrhiza. Keywords: Physalis angulata, mychorrhiza, phospate fertilizer, physiological character and yield

Respons Karakter Fisiologis Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) Klon BPM 24 terhadap Konsentrasi dan Jenis Stimulan Etilen Organik Kulit Pisang

The peak production of BPM 24 clone rubber was reached in the 7th to 10th year, but production quickly declined to reach its lowest point in 15 years. Stimulants are technologies used to increase production. Stimulants generally contain ethylene. Ethylene affects the balance of sucrose in latex formation and also increases metabolic activity in latex vessel cells. The purpose of this study is to know the physiological character response of rubber plants (hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) clone BPM 24 against the application of organic ethylene stimulant banana peel. The research was conducted in september to november 2019 at the research center of rubber experimental garden Sumbawa in Palembang, South Sumatra. This research method is descriptive with treatment: without stimulant, ethrel 10 PA, banana peel Ambon concentration 333 g/L, banana peel Ambon concentration 500 g/L, banana peel Ambon concentration 666 g/L, banana skin wax concentration 333 g/L, banana skin wax concentration 500 g/L, banana skin wax concentration 666 g/L, banana peel Kepok concentration 333 g/L, banana peel Kepok concentration 500 g/L, banana peel Kepok concentration 666 g/L. Observations are carried out on physiological character (thiol levels, inorganic phosphate levels, sucrose levels and dry tapping grooves. The treatment of banana skin stimulant is able to increase the production of latex without interference in the physiological character of the plant, but the use of stimulants with excessive and inappropriate doses can lead to the onion of dry tapping grooves.

Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi, dan Fisiologi Tujuh Klon Unggul Kopi Robusta

<em>Morphological characterization of superior Robusta coffee plants has been widely studied, but for the anatomical and physiological character is still relatively limited. Result of this characterization is important as a basic information in order to create the new superior varieties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of seven clones of Robusta coffee (SA 203, BP 534, BP 42, BP 409, BP 939, BP 308 and BP 436). The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, West Java, from October to November 2019. The Completely Randomized Design with 7 Robusta coffee clones as treatments and three replications was used in this study. The variable observed were morphological (leaf area), anatomical (stomata shape and density) and physiological characters (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll). The results showed that the leaf area of the first and third leaves of seven clones of Robusta coffee were relatively uniform. The stomata shape of Robusta coffee leaf is parasitic type (Rubiaceous) type. The SA 203 and BP 409 clones have the fewest stomata contents. The content of chlorophyll a, b, and total in the first and third leaves varies between clones. Chlorophyll content in the basal, middle, and apical leaf were relatively uniform, except clones SA 203 and BP 939 for the first leaf, and SA 203 and BP 436 for third leaf. The correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between leaf area and chlorophyll content.</em>

KARAKTERISTIK FISIOLOGI ISOLAT Pleurotus spp.

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Studi in vitro tentang karakteristik fungi isolat Pleurotus spp. telahdilaksanakan di Bogor dari bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2004. Penelitianmenggunakan rancangan faktorial dalam rancangan acak lengkap danbertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh media, temperatur inkubasi dan pHmedia terhadap 6 isolat Pleurotus sp. Karakter lain yang juga dipelajariadalah kemampuan untuk mengoksidasi asam tanat dan asam galat dalammedia agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pleurotus isolat sp.6dan sp.8 tumbuh baik pada media MPA, isolat Pleurotus sp.1, 3 dan 4pada media MEA dan isolate sp.2 pada media PDA. Kecuali isolat sp.8,isolat lainnya tidak dapat tumbuh pada temperatur 10 dan 35 o C. Pertum-buhan isolat sp.8 terbaik dibandingkan isolat lainnya pada semuatemperatur. Diameter koloni isolat lainnya hanya mencapai 0,2 – 2,33 cm.Pertumbuhan isolat sp.8 juga terbaik pada semua pH media diikuti isolatsp.6 kemudian isolat sp.4. Semua isolat menunjukkan reaksi oksidasipositif pada agar asam tanat dan asam galat yang ditunjukkan oleh warnacoklat pada media yang melingkari koloni.</p><p>Kata kunci : Pleurotus spp, media, temperature, pH, oksidasi, asam tanat,asam galat</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Physiological Characteristics of Pleurotus spp. IsolatesPhysiological characteristics of some Pleurotus sp. isolates werestudied in vitro, from July until August 2004 in Bogor. Experiments tostudy the effect of kind of media, temperature of incubation room, and pHof medium on six isolates of Pleurotus sp. were arranged in factorialrandomized complete design and replicated three times with colony in apetri dish as experimental units. Another physiological character studiedwas the ability to oxidize tannic and gallic acids in agar medium. Resultsshowed that isolates Pleurotus sp.6 and -8 grew better in MPA medium,Pleurotus sp.1, -3, and -4 in MEA, and Pleurotus sp.2 in PDA. ExceptPleurotus sp.8, other isolates could not grow in incubation roomtemperature of 10 and 35 o C. The growth of Pleurotus sp.8 was the bestamong the isolates in all temperature levels. Other isolates grew poorly in20 and 29o C with diameter range was 0.2 – 2.33 cm. The growth ofPleurotus sp.8 was also the best in all pH medium levels, followed byPleurotus sp.6, and then Pleurotus sp.4. All isolates showed positiveoxidative reaction on tannic and gallic acid agar indicated by brown colorof the medium around the colony.</p><p>Key words: Pleurotus spp., medium, temperature, pH, oxidation, tannicacid, gallic acid</p>

Systemic administration of enzyme-responsive growth factor nanocapsules for promoting bone repair

Taking the advantages of the unique physiological character of bone fracture, a systemic delivery platform of growth factors for bone repair based on nanocapsules was exploited.

Physiological Character of Merremia peltata (L.) Merrill from Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Lampung

Merremia peltata invaded the vegetation of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) in Lampung Province, Indonesia. In this site, the invasion has reached more than 7000 hectares. Therefore, it is necessary to asses the physiological characters of M. peltata as an invasive plant species under different shading level in BBSNP. The experiment design of this study was split block design with factorial. The first factor (main plot) was shading treatment that consisted of 0, 55, and 90% shades. The second factor (sub plot) was 3 species of plant that consisted of M. peltata, Mikania micrantha, and Ipomoea batatas. Each experimental unit was replicated 3 times. The result showed that the physiological characters such as carbon fixation rate (CFR), relative growth rate (RGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), photosynthetics nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of M. peltata higher than the other two species and interconnected. Physiological characters associated with RGR can be supporting the invasiveness of M. peltata, especially in BBSNP. Supporting invasiveness with resources allocation to leaves biosynthesis and relatively efficient nitrogen were used for photosynthesis.