scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TOP HUMUS ACER NEGUNDO L. (SAPINDACEAE) IN CONDI-TIONS OF BREACHED BOTTOMLAND PHYTOCENOSES

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-203
Author(s):  
Oksana Leonidovna Tsandekova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Condi Tions ◽  
Crown Density ◽  
Wet Ashing ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Microsoft Office

Abstract: The article analyzes the results of the biochemical composition of top humus of various phytogenic zones of Acer negundo L. under the conditions of breached bottomland plant communities. Sampling was carried out on trial plots in various conditions of crown density, taking into account the zones of influence of trees. The outer zone of single trees was chosen as a control. Ash content was determined by dry ashing; the content of nitrogen and phosphorus - from one sample after wet ashing: nitrogen - according to the Kjeldahl method, phosphorus – according to the Murphy and Riley method; lignin accumulation – using 72% sulfuric acid solution. Statistical data processing and graphing were performed using the standard software package StatSoft STATISTICA 8.0. for Windows and Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Some features of the chemical composition of the top humus A. negundo in the conditions of breached bottomland phytocenoses are revealed. In single trees in unclosed stands in the subcrown and near-gutted zones, the largest amount of ash was found, while in trees with a crowns density of 50–60%, higher values of nitrogen, phosphorus and lignin were found in comparison with other groups of trees and with control. The most strongly differing indicator of the chemical composition of top humus at test sites was the content of ash and lignin, to a lesser extent the content of nitrogen and phosphorus varied. Experimental data can be used to assess the state of the ground cover and the formation of soil organic matter in forest communities.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEADOW FOXTAIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. J. VAN ADRICHEM ◽  
J. N. TINGLE
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N Application ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
N Rates

The effects of spring-applied nitrogen (0, 56, 112 and 224 kg/ha) and phosphorus (0 and 27.4 kg/ha) on the dry matter (DM) yield and forage quality of successive harvests of meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis L.) were investigated. Nitrogen increased DM yield, crude protein, Cu, K and Zn contents and decreased P, Ca, Mg and Mn contents. Application of P in combination with N increased K content in the first cut and arrested the decline of P content due to N application in all cuts. The levels of dry matter digestibility and Cu declined in successive cuts whereas Mn content increased. At low N rates, Ca and Mg contents increased as the season advanced.

scholarly journals Characterization of acid soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) extracted from shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma) waste

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2272-2280
Author(s):  
A.W. Sulaiman ◽  
N.M. Sarbon
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Soluble Collagen ◽  
Acid Soluble Collagen ◽  
Kjeldahl Method ◽  
Biuret Method ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Pepsin Soluble Collagen

Fish waste management is one of the biggest impacts towards the environment. However, it is one of the rich sources of protein. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize acid soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) from shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma) waste, with the yields of ASC (3.35±3.43%) and PSC (0.10±0.13%) respectively. The isolated ASC and PSC from shortfin scad waste were characterized on chemical composition, protein concentration, structural properties by FTIR, solubility and morphology properties compared to the commercial collagen from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scales. In terms of chemical composition, PSC showed better than ASC, since it contains comparatively higher in protein (26.97±1.02%) by Kjeldahl method and protein concentration (2.69±0.47 mg/mL) by biuret method, compared to ASC. The FTIR investigations also certified the existence of spacial triplehelical structures of collagens that are important for collagen backbones. Solubility results showed that both ASC and PSC are high insolubility at acidic pH with the lowest solubilisation point at the range of alkali condition. The morphological analysis of both ASC and PSC were almost similar too, as there were fibrils and porous structure. Therefore, collagen from shortfin scad waste, could be a useful alternative, with the potential to be used in food ingredient, biomedical, pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals industries

EFFECTS OF NUTRITION, OSMOTIC PRESSURE, AND TEMPERATURE OF THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON PLANT GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION: I. SPRING WHEAT AT THE 4- TO 6-LEAF STAGE

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Composition I ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Thatcher wheat at the 4- to 6-leaf stage was grown in nutrient solutions and subjected to five osmotic pressure levels of 0.5, 2.5, 5.5, 8.5, and 11 atmospheres with polyethylene glycol "Carbowax 4000". Root temperatures of 45°, 54°, 67°, and 80°F. and nitrogen treatments of 5, 25, 50, and 100 p.p.m. were also applied. Osmotic pressure and nitrogen treatments had only a small effect on dry matter production, whereas increasing root temperatures significantly increased dry matter in the shoots and roots. Treatment effects on nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and translocation are discussed.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF ACER NEGUNDO L. ON THE GROWTH OF HERBACEOUS PLANTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
O. L. Tsandekova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Melilotus Officinalis ◽  
Active Substances

The article analyzes the results of the influence of allelopathically active substances of plant litter and soil on the growth of herbaceous plants of the lower tier in various phytogenic zones of the maple ash-leaved. As model objects the seeds of the Melilotus officinalis and Poa pratensis were used. The study of the allelopathic effect of maple ash-leaved litter was carried out by bioassay, the soil - by experiment. In early July the seeds of grassy plants were sown in containers with soil selected under A. negundo plantations in transformed plant communities. Soil samples were taken in the subcrown and near-ground zones of the studied trees. The outer zone of single trees was chosen as a control. The biometric indicators of the test objects under study were calculated on the basis of determining the height and mass of the plants. For studies of growth parameters, a sample of ten plants was used in triplicate from each site studied. According to the results of the experiments, it was revealed that the highest rates of germination energy and seed germination in the test areas are in the M. officinalis , compared to P. pratensis . The allelopathically active substances contained in the litter and soil of A. negundo had a positive effect on the germination of the studied plants, especially in the near-front zone. Consequently, these species possess allelopathic resistance to the effects of сolin elder maple and have a positive reaction to its phytogenic zones. Probably, M. officinalis and P. pratensis, which have ecological plasticity and adaptability to living in conditions of the natural range, are determined not only by the allelopathic effect of maple root excretions, but, to a greater extent, by environmental factors in transformed plant communities. Experimental data can be used in assessing the state of the ground cover and the structure of the phytocenosis.

A study of the effect of Chrysomela hyperici Forst. on St. John's Wort in the Mannus Valley, NSW

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
LR Clark ◽  
N Clark
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Heavy Grazing ◽  
Crown Density ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colony Site ◽  
Short Time

Conditions in those parts of the Mannus Valley, N.S.W., where Chrysomela hyperici Forst. has been liberated appear either unfavourable or just tolerable to the species, which has increased in numbers and spread to a limited extent in the more favourable parts of the area infested with St. John's wort. In the colony site studied intensively, the gradual multiplication of C. hyperici led to great destruction of the weed in places, but this destruction was soon followed by regeneration. Because of this and the way in which the beetles aggregate and move on definite fronts, there has been a history of waves of insects passing back and forth over a small area around the liberation site followed by waves of regeneration of the host plant. Very young and large old crowns of Hypericum were readily destroyed by the insect, but the mortality of mature crowns of moderate size was relatively low. Where few crowns were killed, vegetative reproduction soon resulted in the reoccupation of vacant spaces. Under some conditions, defoliation by the insect appeared to stimulate suckering and thereby produced a stand of higher crown density than the original one. This addition of new crowns must have rejuvenated some stands, and probably increased their resistance to further beetle attacks for a short time. The ability of St. John's wort to maintain its position of predominance in the community in the face of heavy insect damage was due partly to the absence of effective plant competitors. The heavy grazing by rabbits and kangaroos on the plants associated with the weed, and their habit of removing the ground cover by scratching, favoured the regeneration of Hypericum from seed in places where most of the original wort plants had been destroyed.

Preliminary study on the unusual properties in the habitat of Ranunculetum baudotii in Central Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Spałek ◽  
Jarosław Proćków ◽  
Stanisław Staśko ◽  
Sylwia Horska-Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
Karst Spring ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Conductivity Water ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium Ions ◽  
Subterranean Water

AbstractThe study examines the patches of the saltwater association Ranunculetum baudotii in a new, atypical site; i.e., located more than 400 km away from the Baltic coastal line. They were found in a karst spring, and were the first locality of the community identified in Poland. The water and sediments within the patches were analyzed chemically in the laboratory, but, conductivity, water temperature and O2 content were measured in the field. The spring was determined to be a relatively stable aquatic habitat, with a typical chemical composition of subterranean water (a prevalence of hydro-carbonate, calcium and magnesium ions), and rich, e.g., in nitrogen and phosphorus, and disturbed due to increasing anthropopressure. It revealed that the community analyzed favours habitats in the zone of discharge of karst fissure waters from Jurassic, Cretaceous and Triassic water-bearing levels. In Poland, phytocoenoses of this association, in contrast to the patches of the association in other European countries, include no saline taxa. In Europe, Ranunculetum baudotii belongs to the group of much threatened communities and the obtained results provide the basis for its protection.

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