scholarly journals THE TRIAL-READY COHORT FOR PRECLINICAL/PRODROMAL ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE (TRC-PAD) – A FUNDAMENTAL ALLY IN AD PREVENTION RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
A.P. Porsteinsson ◽  
E.D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Clinical Benefits

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains one of our greatest unmet medical needs, without any approved disease-modifying therapies. The emotional and financial burden of AD is enormous and predicted to grow exponentially with increasing median population age, posing a major public health problem. The potential to prevent or improve cognitive decline due to AD has important implications. There are medications currently approved for symptomatic treatment of AD, but they have limited clinical benefits and do not change the ultimate trajectory of the disease. The need to find effective treatments for AD that can prevent, slow, arrest, or even reverse the disease is ever more urgent and interventions that delay the symptomatic onset of AD would have a major public health impact (1).

scholarly journals Anhedonia as a Potential Risk Factor of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Sample: Results from the ZARADEMP Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1370
Author(s):  
David Vaquero-Puyuelo ◽  
Concepción De-la-Cámara ◽  
Beatriz Olaya ◽  
Patricia Gracia-García ◽  
Antonio Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

(1) Introduction: Dementia is a major public health problem, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent subtype. Clarifying the potential risk factors is necessary in order to improve dementia-prevention strategies and quality of life. Here, our purpose was to investigate the role of the absence of hedonic tone; anhedonia, understood as the reduction on previous enjoyable daily activities, which occasionally is underdetected and underdiagnosed; and the risk of developing AD in a cognitively unimpaired and non-depressed population sample. (2) Method: We used data from the Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) project, a longitudinal epidemiological study on dementia and depression. After excluding subjects with dementia, a sample of 2830 dwellers aged ≥65 years was followed for 4.5 years. The geriatric mental state examination was used to identify cases of anhedonia. AD was diagnosed by a panel of research psychiatrists according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria. A multivariate survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model were performed, and the analysis was controlled by an analysis for the presence of clinically significant depression. (3) Results: We found a significant association between anhedonia cases and AD risk in the univariate analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 2.37; 95% CI: 1.04–5.40). This association persisted more strongly in the fully adjusted model. (4) Conclusions: Identifying cognitively intact individuals with anhedonia is a priority to implement preventive strategies that could delay the progression of cognitive and functional impairment in subjects at risk of AD.

scholarly journals The Public Health Impact of Alzheimer's Disease, 2000–2050: Potential Implication of Treatment Advances

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Sloane ◽  
Sheryl Zimmerman ◽  
Chirayath Suchindran ◽  
Peter Reed ◽  
Lily Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Public Health Impact ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
The Public

scholarly journals Alzheimer in the City

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. D402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Dartigues
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Curative Treatment ◽  
Family Associations ◽  
The City

Alzheimer’s disease was described in 1906, but it was only in 1987 that it was recognized as a public health problem with the actions of patient family associations. Despite successive Alzheimer plans, it remains a neglected and under-diagnosed disease. The lack of curative treatment and a clash of views between general practitioners and specialists explain these findings. Paradoxically, despite this neglect, Alzheimer’s disease is receding in the city. This is the proof that prevention is possible.

scholarly journals Alzheimer's disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cognitive Disturbance

Alzheimer's disease is one of the most devastating brain disorders of elderly humans. It is an undertreated and under-recognized disease that is becoming a major public health problem. The last decade has witnessed a steadily increasing effort directed at discovering the etiology of the disease and developing pharmacological treatment. Recent developments include improved clinical diagnostic guidelines and improved treatment of both cognitive disturbance and behavioral problems. Symptomatic treatment mainly focusing on cholinergic therapy has been clinically evaluated by randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies measuring performance-based tests of cognitive function, activities of daily living, and behavior. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil, tacrine, rivastigmine, and galantamine are the recommended treatment of cognitive disturbance in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The role of estrogen replacement, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidants is controversial and needs further study. Antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, anxiolytics, and hypnotics are used for the treatment of behavioral disturbance. Future directions in the research and treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease include: applying functional brain imaging techniques in early diagnosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy; development of new classes of medications working on different neurotransmitter systems (cholinergic, glutamatergic, etc), both for the treatment of the cognitive deficit and the treatment of the behavioral disturbances; and developing preventive methods (amyloid p-peptide immunizations and inhibitors of β-secretase and γ-secretase).

Neuropsychiatric Assessment and Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Eventual Death

Dementia is a major public health problem in the United States and the world, requiring the expenditure of enormous economic and human resources. Dementia is common in the elderly, and, as the size of the aged population increases, the number of dementia victims will rise. Many dementias are fatal, producing the gradual erosion of intellectual abilities and eventual death of the patient. Demands made on family members and caregivers of dementia patients are extraordinary and often result in their emotional and financial exhaustion. Although basic science efforts are devoted to finding a cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementing illnesses, there is an urgent need for research that has immediate applicability to the 4 million current dementia patients.

scholarly journals The Cholinergic System, the Adrenergic System and the Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Rola A. Bekdash
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Nucleus Basalis ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Neurodegenerative diseases are a major public health problem worldwide with a wide spectrum of symptoms and physiological effects. It has been long reported that the dysregulation of the cholinergic system and the adrenergic system are linked to the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Cholinergic neurons are widely distributed in brain regions that play a role in cognitive functions and normal cholinergic signaling related to learning and memory is dependent on acetylcholine. The Locus Coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE) is the main noradrenergic nucleus that projects and supplies norepinephrine to different brain regions. Norepinephrine has been shown to be neuroprotective against neurodegeneration and plays a role in behavior and cognition. Cholinergic and adrenergic signaling are dysregulated in Alzheimer’s disease. The degeneration of cholinergic neurons in nucleus basalis of Meynert in the basal forebrain and the degeneration of LC-NE neurons were reported in Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this review is to describe current literature on the role of the cholinergic system and the adrenergic system (LC-NE) in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease and potential therapeutic implications.

Dementia Around the World and the Latin America and Mexican Scenarios

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Brito-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The World

Dementia has become a major public health concern around the world. Dementia risk factors are significantly different among countries. The number of new cases of dementia anticipated each year worldwide is almost 7.7 million, one new case every four seconds. There are 3.6 million (46%) new cases per year in Asia, 2.3 million (31%) in Europe, 1.2 million (16%) in the Americas, and 0.5 million (7%) in Africa. Latin American and Caribbean low and middle-income countries are at high risk. Air pollution is an important risk modifiable factor for dementia across the world, and the recent report of the Alzheimer’s disease continuum in children and young adults residing in Metropolitan Mexico City along with the presence of cognitive impairment in 55% of the young adult population residing in Mexican cities with fine particulate matter concentrations above the current USEPA annual standard of 12 μg/m3 makes this a severe public health problem in progress. It is imperative to keep generating epidemiological data on dementia worldwide and their relationship with air pollutants to improve the strategies to face all the challenges associated with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in particular. Alzheimer’s disease is a fatal disease, we have no cure, and we ought to invest in protecting our citizens by intervening in modifiable environmental factors.

Current and Future Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (S7) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Salloway
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Treatments ◽  
New Treatments

There are currently >5 million people in the United States who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. That prevalence rate is expected to triple as the population ages. The health and economic burden due to Alzheimer's disease is a worldwide problem, with some of the greatest burden coming from the developing world as people live longer in those societies. Throughout the world, the projected growth of Alzheimer's disease is dramatic. This is a worldwide public health problem of the highest order, and there is a compelling need to develop new treatments and methods of earlier diagnosis need to slow the progression of the disease and lessen its impact.

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