scholarly journals Relationship Between Body Composition and Nutritional Status in Brazilian Nonagenarians

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Claudia Aline Oliveira Safian ◽  
Ângelo José Gonçalves Bós
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Ideal Weight

Introduction Brazil has undergone considerable changes in age distribution, particularly in nonagenarians. Allied to this reality, there is a series of nutritional disorders in this population segment. An important factor related to quality of life and healthy aging is good nutrition throughout life. Objective To observe the possible relationship between nutritional status and body composition in nonagenarians. Methodology This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical study, with participants aged 90 years or older, evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), anthropometric parameters, and Bioimpedance. Results The sample consisted of 72 nonagenarians, averaging in age 93.7 years, most female (72%), white (82%) and widowed (64%), 19.4% were in nutritional risk, based on the MNA criteria. All anthropometric parameters presented lower averages among nonagenarians in nutritional risk. Regarding the bioimpedance parameters, in general the risk-free nonagenarians presented higher averages of weight, maximum ideal weight, minimum ideal weight, BMI, lean-mass, fat-mass, percentage of fat-mass and minimum percentage of fat-mass. Conclusions Most nonagenarians were in good nutritional status. Both anthropometric and bioimpedance parameters were effective to discriminate between normal and at nutritional risk nonagenarians. We also concluded that nutritional risk assessment in nonagenarians patients requires a joint analysis of the several existing methods for the nutritional evaluation, in order to obtain global diagnosis and accurate analysis of the nutritional status of the nonagenarians.

scholarly journals Associations of AD Biomarkers and Cognitive Performance with Nutritional Status: The NUDAD Project

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid S. Doorduijn ◽  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
Ondine van de Rest ◽  
Maartje I. Kester ◽  
Francisca A. de Leeuw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Gender And Education

As malnutrition is common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we evaluated nutritional status and body composition of patients with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls, and studied associations of AD biomarkers and cognitive performance with nutritional status and body composition. We included 552 participants, of which 198 patients had AD, 135 patients had MCI and 219 controls. We assessed nutritional status (mini nutritional assessment (MNA)) and body composition (body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM) and waist circumference). Linear regression analyses (adjusted for age, gender and education where appropriate) were applied to test associations of AD biomarkers and cognitive performance on five domains with nutritional parameters (dependent). Patients with MCI and AD had a lower BMI and MNA score than controls. Worse performance in all cognitive domains was associated with lower MNA score, but not with body composition. AD biomarkers were associated with MNA score, BMI and waist circumference, and associations with MNA score remained after adjustment for cognitive performance. Both AD biomarkers and cognitive performance were associated with nutritional status, associations with AD biomarkers remained after adjustment for cognition. Our data suggest that malnutrition is not only related to impaired cognition but also to AD pathology.

scholarly journals Safety and Feasibility of Fasting-Mimicking Diet and Effects on Nutritional Status and Circulating Metabolic and Inflammatory Factors in Cancer Patients Undergoing Active Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4013
Author(s):  
Francesca Valdemarin ◽  
Irene Caffa ◽  
Angelica Persia ◽  
Anna Laura Cremonini ◽  
Lorenzo Ferrando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Factors

In preclinical studies, fasting was found to potentiate the effects of several anticancer treatments, and early clinical studies indicated that patients may benefit from regimes of modified fasting. However, concerns remain over possible negative impact on the patients’ nutritional status. We assessed the feasibility and safety of a 5-day “Fasting-Mimicking Diet” (FMD) as well as its effects on body composition and circulating growth factors, adipokines and cyto/chemokines in cancer patients. In this single-arm, phase I/II clinical trial, patients with solid or hematologic malignancy, low nutritional risk and undergoing active medical treatment received periodic FMD cycles. The body weight, handgrip strength and body composition were monitored throughout the study. Growth factors, adipokines and cyto/chemokines were assessed by ELISA. Ninety patients were enrolled, and FMD was administered every three weeks/once a month with an average of 6.3 FMD cycles/patient. FMD was largely safe with only mild side effects. The patients’ weight and handgrip remained stable, the phase angle and fat-free mass increased, while the fat mass decreased. FMD reduced the serum c-peptide, IGF1, IGFBP3 and leptin levels, while increasing IGFBP1, and these modifications persisted for weeks beyond the FMD period. Thus, periodic FMD cycles are feasible and can be safely combined with standard antineoplastic treatments in cancer patients at low nutritional risk. The FMD resulted in reduced fat mass, insulin production and circulating IGF1 and leptin. This trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov in July 2018 with the identifier NCT03595540.

scholarly journals Nutritional risk factors in hospitalized nonagenarian patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (35) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Ludiane Alves do Nascimento ◽  
Grasiela K. P. Andrade ◽  
Juliana Bonfleur Carvalho ◽  
Ana Lucia Chalhoub Chediac Rodrigues ◽  
Ariane Nadólskis Severine
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrition Assistance

Introduction: In 2050, we estimate that the population of individuals who are 90 years of age or older will be five times higher than that in 2010. Among elderly people, the disease process can contribute to a worsening nutritional status. This article aims to examine the associations among nutritional status and initial diagnoses, muscle mass, routes of feeding, and clinical outcomes. Despite the progressive increase in this population and their particularities, few studies have been conducted among nonagenarians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients over 90 years old admitted to Hospital Sírio Libanês. The following parameters were assessed: calf circumference (CC), body mass index (BMI), routes of feeding and medical diagnosis. Nutritional screening was performed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Results: A total of 79 patients were assessed, and they had a median age of 92 years, a median BMI of 22.6 kg/m2 and median hospital stay of 13 days. A total of 59.5% of the patients (n=47) were female. The frequency of malnutrition (as assessed by the BMI) was 54.4%. There was a positive relationship (71.4%) between CC <31 cm and underweight (as assessed by the BMI) (p=0.032). Malnutrition (classified using the MNA) was significantly associated with dysphagia (77.4%) (p=0,003), the use of supplements (p=0.002) and enteral nutrition therapy (p=0.005). Mortality (25.8%) was also significantly related to malnutrition, showing that nutritional status contributed to poor clinical outcomes in patients (p=0.042). Conclusion: Dysphagia had a positive relationship with malnutrition because it is a condition that affects food intake. The use of supplements and a higher indication for enteral nutritional therapy both had a positive relationship with malnutrition because they are conducts indicated to improve nutritional status, showing that specific nutrition assistance strategies for this age group can contribute to improved nutritional status in nonagenarians.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and screening tools to detect nutritional risk in hospitalized patients with hepatic echinococcosis

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Zhan Wang ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Ge Song ◽  
MingQuan Pang ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Nutritional Screening ◽  
Nrs 2002

Background: Echinococcosis is a chronic consumptive liver disease. Little research has been carried out on the nutritional status of infected patients, though liver diseases are often associated with malnutrition. Our study investigated four different nutrition screening tools, to assess nutritional risks of hospitalized patients with echinococcosis. Methods: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Short Form of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) were used to assess 164 patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and 232 with cystic echinococcosis (CE). Results were then compared with European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. Results: According to ESPEN standards for malnutrition diagnosis, 29.2% of CE patients and 31.1% of AE patients were malnourished. The malnutrition risk rates for CE and AE patients were as follows: NRS 2002 – 40.3% and 30.7%; MUST – 51.5% and 50.9%; MNA-SF – 46.8% and 44.1%; and NRI – 51.1% and 67.4%. In patients with CE, MNA-SF and NRS 2002 results correlated well with ESPEN results (k = 0.515, 0.496). Area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of MNA-SF and NRS 2002 were 0.803 and 0.776, respectively. For patients with AE, NRS 2002 and MNA-SF results correlated well with ESPEN (k = 0.555, 0.493). AUC values of NRS 2002 and MNA-SF were 0.776 and 0.792, respectively. Conclusion: This study is the first to analyze hospitalized echinococcosis patients based on these nutritional screening tools. Our results suggest that NRS 2002 and MNA-SF are suitable tools for nutritional screening of inpatients with echinococcosis.

Abstract WP385: Gender Differences in Nutritional Status After a Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Sanjuan Menendez ◽  
Fidel Lopez Espuela ◽  
Juan Carlos Portilla ◽  
Katherine E Santana ◽  
Marta Holguin Mohedas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Malnutrition has been associated with a worse outcome in stroke. Its frequency is not well established and sometimes the impact is not considered. Objective: To explore gender differences on nutritional status (NS) after acute stroke and its impact on stroke outcome at 90 days. Methods: We evaluated consecutive acute stroke patients admitted to the Stroke Unit. We analyzed baseline demographics, vascular risk factors, analytic and anthropometric parameters, and stroke characteristics. We determined NS at baseline and 90 days by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale to detect patients at malnutrition risk (MR). We divided groups by gender. Chi square test was applied for qualitative variables and T student for quantitative. A probability value of <0.05 was considered significant for all tests. Results: We included 95 patients, 45 women (47,4%). Differences were found comparing women vs men and age (77,9 ± 1,02 vs 75,1 ± 0,9), alcohol consumption (6,7% vs 60%), smoking (4,4% vs 26%) and body mass index (30,1 ± 5,1 vs 27,3 ± 4,5); p<0.05. There were no significant differences related to gender and stroke type (ischemic 88,9% vs 84%, p=0.49) nor stroke severity at baseline (NIHSS 5±4 vs 4±4 p=0.18), neither in risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, dislipidemia), comorbidities nor socioeconomic differences. There were no gender differences in the occurrence of in-hospital complications (27,3% vs 16,3%; p=0,2), dysphagia (6,7% vs 6,0%; p=0.89) nor in NIHSS scoring at discharge (3±3 vs 2±3; p=0.08). On admission, MR was present in 28,5% of the patients. There were no differences between gender and DR (31,1% vs 26%; p=0.58). At 90 days, MR increased to 46,4%. We found significant gender differences (57,8% vs 32%; p=0.024). In the adjusted analysis, female gender was associated with a worst NS at 90days [OR 3,56 (1,1-11,5)]. Modified Rankin scale (mRs) score at 90 days was <=2 in 77,8% of women and 82% of men, p=0.607. MNA score at 90 days was independently associated with a better outcome (mRs<=2) at 90 days adjusted by gender OR 0,13 (0,14-0,46). Conclusion: In our series, female gender was independently related to worse nutritional status at 90 days after the stroke.

scholarly journals Estado nutricional e risco de quedas em idosos hospitalizados

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Freitas Annes ◽  
Daniela De Souza Motta Marchi ◽  
Janete De Souza Urbanetto ◽  
Raquel Milani El Kik
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Risk Of Fall

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and the risk of falls in hospitalized elderly. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of elderly (≥60 years), admitted to the geriatric inpatient unit of a teaching hospital, from May 2014 to September 2015. The variables were demographic data (gender and age), nutritional status the Mini Nutritional Assessment® and risk of fall through the Morse Fall Scale. There were 96 inpatients in this study, the average age was between 82.9±7.9 years (61 to 101 years), being 67.7% (65) from the female gender. According to the Mini Nutritional Assessment®, 53.2% (41) were malnourished, 35.1% (27) were at risk and 11.7% (9) were eutrophic. According to the Morse Fall Scale, 68.8% (66) of the patients had high risk of falling, 26% (25) had moderate risk and 5.2% (5) were at low risk. There was no association between the nutritionalstatus and the risk of fall, although it was observed that 59.6% of the malnourished elderly had high risk of falling and 47.6% at nutritional risk had also medium risk of falling. The elderly presented high risk of falls, besides high incidence of malnourishment. Despite that, there was no association betweennutritional status and risk of fall.

scholarly journals Wybrane pomiary antropometryczne i MNA (mini nutritional assessment) a niektóre czynniki predykcyjne niedożywienia osób starszych

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Głowacka ◽  
Beata Haor ◽  
Paulina Zabielska ◽  
Anna Jurczak ◽  
Monika Biercewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Initiating Factors

ABSTRACTIntroduction: To a vast extent the body’s ageing process affects changes in the human nutritional status and body composition. The nutritional status of elderly people is assessed by means of nutritional history, physical examinations, somatometric measurements, biochemical and immunological tests. Moreover, survey tools (questionnaires, scales) are used in order to perform a screening and in-depth analysis of food intake and nutrition in the elderly. Today, an accurate assessment of body composition is conducted by means of specialist devices, such as those used for bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual X-ray absorptiometry.The objective of the thesis was to analyse the usage of selected anthropometric measurements in correspondence with an mini nutritional assessment (MNA) in studies on the identification of undernourishment in seniors, with consideration of some of the initiating factors of nourishment disorders in the population of the elderly.Methods: A review of articles considered essential from the point of view of the study objective was performed by analysing the PubMed database. The search query used was: “mini nutritional assessment MNA elderly”.Results: Nutritional status measured with the MNA may evaluate the way seniors feel. Overweight and obesity usually results in a worse assessment of the quality of the elderly’s life. A disordered nutritional status could stem from a range of medical, psychological and social factors.Conclusions: The results of anthropometric measurements are essential for an optimal identification of the risk of undernourishment in senior citizens by means of an MNA. They also complement information onthe initiating factors of eating disorders in the population of elderly people. In order to be able to widely use anthropometric measurements to complement knowledge on the nutritional status of the elderly, it is indispensable to conduct studies among healthy senior citizens to obtain information that will serve as reference data.

Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
E.C. Bliemel ◽  
R. Aigner ◽  
C. Rolfes ◽  
S. Ruchholtz ◽  
B. Buecking ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Prädiktive Validität ◽  
Nutritional Risk Screening

ZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von Mangelernährung geriatrischer Patienten wird im Allgemeinen mit über 50 % angegeben. Mangelernährung bei geriatrischen Traumapatienten rangiert im Kollektiv der proximalen Femurfrakturen zwischen 30 und 50 %. Insgesamt erscheinen sowohl die angegebenen Häufigkeiten als auch die angewandten Messinstrumente inhomogen. Malnutrition führt zu einer Verschlechterung der Wundheilung, einer längeren postoperativen Immobilität, einem verlängerten Krankenhausaufenthalt sowie zu einer Steigerung der Mortalität. Unter Hinzuziehung bestehender Leitlinien erreichen das Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) sowie das Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) eine ausreichende prädiktive Validität in diesem geriatrischen Patientengut, um ein Screening auf Mangelernährung durchzuführen. Bezüglich möglicher therapeutischer Interventionen ist die Studienlage limitiert: Vorhandene Studien zeigen oft eine geringe Patientenzahl und demente Patienten, die besonders häufig mangelernährt sind, wurden häufig ausgeschlossen. Eine Leitlinie explizit für dieses spezielle Patientengut existiert aktuell nicht. Ein suffizientes Screening des Ernährungszustandes sowie Daten zur Durchführbarkeit und Effizienz einer kurzfristigen perioperativen Nahrungsergänzung könnten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung dieser oft multimorbiden und fragilen Patienten leisten.

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