scholarly journals Evaluation of LipL32 ELISA for detection of bovine leptospirosis in West Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Sumarningsih . ◽  
Susanti . ◽  
Simson Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Dna Encoding ◽  
West Java ◽  
Coating Antigen ◽  
Bovine Leptospirosis

The current diagnosis of leptospirosis, micro Agglutination Test (MAT) and isolation, is expensive, impractical and technically demanding. This study was aimed at developing an ELISA based on recombinant LipL32 as a practical, inexpensive test for Leptospirosis. The DNA encoding LipL32 was isolated from Leptospira pomona, inserted into pRSET-C plasmid then expressed in E.coli BL21 as a poly-histidine-tagged protein. The amount of LipL32 protein, which was purified from the supernatant of lysed cells by a Ni-NTA column, was 1mg/l culture. This purified LipL32 was used as the coating antigen at 5µg/ml. The accuracy of ELISA was evaluated based on ROC analysis, by comparing the ELISA and MAT results of 517 bovine sera. Result in this study showed that the area under curve (AUC) was 0.853, which categorised the LipL32 ELISA as a “moderately accurate” test and indicates that the ELISA was able to differentiate positive and negative Leptospirosis serum. The result also showed ELISA LipL32 could detect serum positive MAT to Hardjo, Grippotyphosa, Tarrasovi, Rachmati and Bataviae. The optimal cut off for OD ELISA determined based on ROC curve was 0.504, and it showed sensitivity and specificity of ELISA LipL32 relative to MAT were 86.0% and 69.5%, respectively. Overall, the result in this study showed that ELISA LipL32 can be used as a rapid test for identification of anti-Leptospira antibodies in bovine.

scholarly journals Detection of Anti-LipL32 Antibodies in Serum Samples from Horses with Chronic Intraocular Infection with Leptospira spp.

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325
Author(s):  
Tobias Geiger ◽  
Hartmut Gerhards ◽  
Bettina Wollanke
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Equine Recurrent Uveitis

Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is typically caused by chronic intraocular leptospiral infection in warm-blooded horses in central Europe. The most effective therapy for leptospiral-induced ERU is the surgical removal of diseased vitreous (vitrectomy). Since vitrectomy is a highly specialized and invasive surgery, the indication must be determined very carefully. In order to obtain evidence of intraocular leptospiral infection by laboratory diagnostics in questionable leptospiral ERU-cases, sampling of aqueous humor is required, because serum tests using microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are too unspecific. The SNAP Lepto is a cross-species rapid test for the detection of anti-Lipl32 antibodies that has a high sensitivity (0.97) and specificity (1.00) for the detection of anti-leptospiral antibodies using aqueous humor or vitreous samples, which is comparable to MAT. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of SNAP Lepto using serum, serum samples from 90 horses with confirmed leptospiral ERU and from 103 ocularly healthy horses were tested by both MAT and SNAP Lepto. Sensitivity was similar for both tests (0.82 vs. 0.79), but specificity was lower for MAT (0.52 vs. 0.95). Sensitivity and specificity are therefore lower in serum samples compared to intraocular samples, however, the SNAP Lepto is far superior to MAT and suitable as a screening method using equine serum.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Assessment Of Liver Fibrosis In Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In A Tertiary Care Hospital

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Ishwarya Ramadoss ◽  
Anandaraj Jayaraman ◽  
Shobana Dhanapal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Fibrosis Score ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nafld Fibrosis Score

Abstract Aims :To compare the NAFLD fibrosis score and FIBROSIS 4 score to fibroscan, and affirm whether the scores shall be used as a screening tool for liver fibrosis, in place of fibroscan. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study. Patients with fatty liver on ultrasonological examination with 200 sample size. After obtaining the informed consent the following details were collected socio-demographic details, history, co-morbidities, anthropometric measurements, Laboratory investigations. Results: the ROC curve analysis of fibroscan reveals the area under curve of 0.499 and based on the cut off value of 4.50Kpas the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 85.7% and 83.5% respectively. The ROC curve analysis of fibrosis-4 reveals the area under curve of 0.495 and based on the cut off value of 0.80 the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 91.9% and 92.1% respectively. Analysis of NAFLD fibrosis score reveals the area under curve of 0.476 and based on the cut off value of -1.53 the sensitivity and specificity was found to be 93.1% and 93.9% respectively. Conclusion: Henceforth the study suggests that NAFLD fibrosis score shall be used as a non -invasive bedside assessment of liver fibrosis in high risk population and hence guiding their follow up for prevention of morbidity in resource limited settings.

scholarly journals SENSITIFITAS DAN SPESIFISITAS RASIO LINGKAR PINGGANG-PANGGUL TERHADAP INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DALAM MENENTUKAN OBESITAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Septi Nur Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under Curve ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristic ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract : The most common indicator for detecting obesity is Body Mass Index (BMI). Besides BMI, the other indicator that is considered sensitive in detecting obesity is waist-to-hip ratio. How big the ability of this indicator in determining obesity truly need further testing. This study aims to test the sensitivity and specificity of waist-to-hip ratio in detecting obesity compared to BMI in women of childbearing age. This study is obsevational study with cross-sectional design. The sample was 100 women of childbearing age, 19-49 years old. The sensitivity and specificity tests were performed using Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) Curve. Cut-off to determine obesity is> 27 kg / m2 calculated with BMI and> 0.85 calculated with waist-hip-ratio. Sensitivity value of waist-to-hip ratio is 74% (good enough) and the specificity value is 51% (less good). Based on ROC curve, Area Under Curve of waist-to-hip is 0,65 (poor). Waist-to-hip ratio has a poor ability to detect obesity in women of childbearing age. It is recommended to use other indicators to detect obesity in women of childbearing age. Keywords : BMI, obesity, sensitivity, spesificity, waist-hip ratio Abstrak : Indikator yang sering digunakan dalam menentukan obesitas adalah Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Selain IMT, indikator lain yang dianggap sensitif dalam mendeteksi obesitas adalah rasio lingkar pinggang-panggung (RLPP). Seberapa besar kemampuan suatu indikator dalam menentukan yang benar-benar gemuk perlu dilakukan pengujian lebih lanjut.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji sensitifitas dan spesifisitas RLPP dalam mendeteksi obesitas dibandingkan dengan IMT pada wanita usia subur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah 100 orang wanita usia subur berusia 19-49 tahun. Uji sensitifitas dan spesifisitas dilakukan menggunakan Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) Curve.Cut-off untuk menentukan obesitas adalah >27 kg/m2 dengan perhitungan IMT dan >0,85 dengan perhitungan RLPP. RLPP mempunyai nilai sensitifitas 74% (cukup baik) dan spesifisitas 51% (kurang baik). Berdasarkan kurva ROC, Area Under Curve RLPP adalah 0,65 (jelek). RLPP memiliki kemampuan yang kurang baik dalam mendeteksi obesitas pada wanita usia subur. Disarankan untuk menggunakan indikator lain untuk mendeteksi obesitas pada wanita usia subur. Kata Kunci : IMT, obesitas, sensitifitas, spesifisitas, RLPP

RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS OF INTRAOPERATIVE PARATHYROID HORMONE MONITORING TO DETERMINE OPTIMUM SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY: ANALYSIS OF 896 CASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1117-1126
Author(s):  
Christina S. Foley ◽  
Edwina C. Moore ◽  
Mira Milas ◽  
Eren Berber ◽  
Joyce Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Receiver Operating

Objective: While intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) monitoring with a ≥50% drop commonly guides the extent of exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has not been performed to determine whether other criteria yield better sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to identify the optimum percent change of IOPTH following removal of the abnormal parathyroid pathology, in order to predict biochemical cure. Secondary aims were to identify patient subgroups with increased area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the need for moderated criteria. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients undergoing primary parathyroid surgery for sporadic pHPT between 1999 and 2010 at a tertiary center for endocrine surgery. Eight hundred and ninety-six patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were included. Multigland disease (MGD) was defined as the intraoperative detection of more than 1 enlarged hypercellular gland or persistent disease after single gland excision. ROC analysis was used to determine the value with the best performance at predicting MGD, following bilateral exploration. Results: MGD was diagnosed in 174 patients (19.4%). ROC analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.69. An IOPTH drop of 72% was the point of optimal discrimination with a sensitivity of 55% and specificity of 76% for predicting MGD. Subgroup analysis by preoperative calcium, preoperative PTH, localization studies, or pre- and post-excision IOPTH, did not identify any factors associated with an improved AUC. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to use ROC analysis in a large patient cohort. An IOPTH drop of 72% was found to have optimal discriminating ability. We failed to identify a subset of patients for whom there was substantial improvement in the AUC, sensitivity, or specificity. Abbreviations: AUC = area under the ROC curve; BE = bilateral neck exploration; FE = focal parathyroid exploration; IOPTH = intraoperative parathyroid hormone; MGD = multigland disease; MIBI = Tc99m-sestamibi I-123 subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography; pHPT = primary hyperparathyroidism; ROC = receiver operating characteristic; SGD = single gland disease; US = surgeon-performed neck ultrasound

scholarly journals Relation of Airway Responsiveness to Methacholine to Parent and Child Reporting of Symptoms Suggecting Asthma

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM FitzGerald ◽  
DE Fester ◽  
MM Morris ◽  
M Schulzer ◽  
FE Hargreave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Airway Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Airway Responsiveness ◽  
Methacholine Challenge ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

BACKGROUND:The lack of a relationship between airway responsiveness and respiratory symptoms in epidemiological studies of children may, in part, reflect inaccuracies in symptom reporting or inadequate knowledge by the parent of the child's symptoms.OBJECTIVE:To relate airway responsiveness to methacholine in children with symptoms of respiratory illness in the child as reported by the parent and as reported by the child.POPULATION:Eight- to 10-year-old (n=290) randomly sampled schoolchildren.SETTING:Seven randomly selected schools in Ontario.METHODS:Parents completed a mailed questionnaire regarding the child's respiratory health. Children completed a similar interview-administered questionnaire at school and underwent methacholine challenge testing by the tidal breathing method.RESULTS:The cumulative prevalence of a history of physician-diagnosed asthma was 9.0%, and of any wheezing it was 25.5%. A further 9% of children reported wheezing not documented by their parent. Of 229 children consenting to methacholine challenge, 78 (34.1%) showed airway responsiveness in the range generally associated with asthma in adults (provocation concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall [PC20] in forced expired volume in 1 s [FEV1] 8 mg/mL or less); half of these children had no history of respiratory symptoms reported by the parent. The sensitivity of airway hyperresponsiveness defined by a cut-point for PC208 mg/mL or less in relation to any history of recurrent wheezing reported by the parent was 48% and did not improve if only symptoms within the past year were considered (sensitivity 44%); the specificity of the test for parent-reported symptoms ever was 71%, and 68% in those with symptoms in the past year. None of these sensitivities or specificities was increased by using symptoms reported by the child or by combining parent and child reported symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for sensitivity and specificity of the methacholine test were constructed for parent and child reports of symptoms. For all symptom strata, the cut-point of PC20producing optimal balance of sensitivity and specificity was between 4 and 8 mg/mL. A parental questionnaire positive for physician-diagnosed asthma was strongly related to methacholine response, producing an ROC curve with an area significantly different from 0.5 (P=0.006), as did all parent-reported wheezing (P=0.009). If the child reported asthma, there was an equally strong relationship, with a positive ROC curve (P=0.001), as there was for all child-reported wheezing (P=0.048).CONCLUSIONS:Airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in children relates closely with asthma and wheezing reported by either the parent or the child. In addition, the results confirm that respiratory symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness are common in Canadian children, and that airway hyperresponsiveness may be found in children with no history of respiratory illness either at present or in the past.

Multivariable Logistic Regression Equation to Predict Prostate Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Ma ◽  
Dong Cheng ◽  
Qinghua Li ◽  
Jingbo Zhu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Clinical Feature

Abstract Objective: To explore the predictive value of white blood cell (WBC), monocyte (M), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), fibrinogen (FIB), free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) and free prostate-specific antigen/prostate-specific antigen (f/tPSA) in prostate cancer (PCa).Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of 200 cases of prostate biopsy and collection of patients' systemic inflammation indicators, biochemical indicators, PSA and fPSA. First, the dimensionality of the clinical feature parameters is reduced by the Lass0 algorithm. Then, the logistic regression prediction model was constructed using the reduced parameters. The cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity of PCa are predicted by the ROC curve analysis and calculation model. Finally, based on Logistic regression analysis, a Nomogram for predicting PCa is obtained.Results: The six clinical indicators of WBC, M, NLR, FIB, fPSA, and f/tPSA were obtained after dimensionality reduction by Lass0 algorithm to improve the accuracy of model prediction. According to the regression coefficient value of each influencing factor, a logistic regression prediction model of PCa was established: logit P=-0.018-0.010×WBC+2.759×M-0.095×NLR-0.160×FIB-0.306×fPSA-2.910×f/tPSA. The area under the ROC curve is 0.816. When the logit P intercept value is -0.784, the sensitivity and specificity are 72.5% and 77.8%, respectively.Conclusion: The establishment of a predictive model through Logistic regression analysis can provide more adequate indications for the diagnosis of PCa. When the logit P cut-off value of the model is greater than -0.784, the model will be predicted to be PCa.

A Tutorial on the Use of ROC Analysis for Computer-Aided Diagnostic Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Scheipers ◽  
Christian Perrey ◽  
Stefan Siebers ◽  
Christian Hansen ◽  
Helmut Ermert
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Separation Threshold ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Computer Aided

The application of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for computer-aided diagnostic systems is reviewed. A statistical framework is presented and different methods of evaluating the classification performance of computer-aided diagnostic systems, and, in particular, systems for ultrasonic tissue characterization, are derived. Most classifiers that are used today are dependent on a separation threshold, which can be chosen freely in many cases. The separation threshold separates the range of output values of the classification system into different target groups, thus conducting the actual classification process. In the first part of this paper, threshold specific performance measures, e.g., sensitivity and specificity; are presented. In the second part, a threshold-independent performance measure, the area under the ROC curve, is reviewed. Only the use of separation threshold-independent performance measures provides classification results that are overall representative for computer-aided diagnostic systems. The following text was motivated by the lack of a complete and definite discussion of the underlying subject in available textbooks, references and publications. Most manuscripts published so far address the theme of performance evaluation using ROC analysis in a manner too general to be practical for everyday use in the development of computer-aided diagnostic systems. Nowadays, the user of computer-aided diagnostic systems typically handles huge amounts of numerical data, not always distributed normally. Many assumptions made in more or less theoretical works on ROC analysis are no longer valid for real-life data. The paper aims at closing the gap between theoretical works and real-life data. The review provides the interested scientist with information needed to conduct ROC analysis and to integrate algorithms performing ROC analysis into classification systems while understanding the basic principles of classification.

scholarly journals Determining Postoperative Thrombocyte Reduction Cut Off to Predict 30-Day Mortality in Patients Undergo Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 4914-4914
Author(s):  
Ikhwan Rinaldi ◽  
Arif Mansjoer
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Thrombocyte Count ◽  
Cabg Surgery

Background There are many factors associated with early mortality after CABG, including postoperative thrombocytopenia (Kertai, 2016). Many factors during CABG surgery, such as administration of heparin or cardio pulmonary bypass during surgery are related to thrombocyte count reduction (Hamid, Akhtar, Naqvi, & Ahsan, 2017; Arepally, 2017). However, it is possible for a post-CABG patient to suffer a significant thrombocyte reduction without reaching the thrombocytopenic state (thrombocyte count <150000/µL). Up to this time, there is still lack of study about association between thrombocyte reduction after surgery and 30-day mortality in patients undergo CABG. This study aim to determine cut off point for postoperative thrombocyte reduction as a predictor of 30-day mortality after CABG surgery. Method This is a retrospective cohort study using medical record of 263 adult patients who underwent CABG surgery in dr. Ciptomangunkusumo National Hospital on 2012-2015. Thrombocyte reduction was determined by substracting preoperative thrombocyte count from postoperative thrombocyte count. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis between percentage of thrombocyte reduction and 30-day mortality after surgery was done to obtain the sensitivity and specificity value of a particular degree of thrombocyte reduction. Cut off point was obtained from intersection between sensitivity and specificity value. Result Thirty-day mortality rate after CABG surgery in this study was 11.9%. Cut off point obtained from ROC analysis was 30% with area under the curve (AUC) 0.671. The sensitivity of this cut off point to predict early mortality after CABG surgery was 64.5%, while the specificity was 64.7% Conclusion Thrombocyte reduction more than or equal to 30% can be used as a predictor of 30-day mortality after CABG surgery. Figure Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum using Direct Agglutination Test and rKE16 Dipstick Rapid Test in Domestic Dogs from Ardabil Province, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
H. Nahrevania ◽  
P. Ghaffarine ◽  
M. Farahmand ◽  
M. Mohebali ◽  
F. Zaboli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Direct Agglutination Test

scholarly journals Comparative efficiency of bicycle stresses-echocardiography and dopplerography of coronary arteries in diagnosis of the latent coronary insufficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
A. B. Trivozhenko ◽  
S. A. Iaroshuk ◽  
P. V. Struchkov
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Coronary Insufficiency ◽  
Significant Stenosis ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
The Right ◽  
Combined Technique

Modern angiographic and stressful ultrasonic technologies possess the big possibilities in diagnostics of the latent coronary insufficiency. Purpose. To compare sensitivity and specificity of bicycle stress-echocardiography, dopplerography of coronary arteries and combined method in diagnostics of significant stenosis of coronary arteries were used. Design/methodology/approach. Two groups of patients were analyzed: 35 persons from more than 50 % stenosis of coronary arteries and 39 persons without significant stenosis. Dopplerography of coronary arteries and stress-echocardiography were performed in all patients. The ROC-analysis of sensitivity and specificity of each method and the combined technology in diagnostics of the general CAD, left anterior-descending CAD, and the right coronary CAD was spent. Findings. The dopplerography of coronary arteries has shown sensitivity of 77 %, specificity of 97 %, for LAD - 81 and 97 %, for RA - 50 and 98 %. The stress-echocardiography has shown sensitivity of 83 %, specificity of 95 %, for LAD - 89 and 95 %, for RA - 63 and 98 % The combined technique has shown sensitivity of 93 %, specificity - 95 %, for LAD - 96 and 94 %, for RA - 75 and 98 %. Conclusion. The combined technique is characterized by the robust reproducibility at the expense of revealing of loading infringements local contractility of myocardium in patients with not detected stenosis, and also at the expense of revealing of vascular narrowing in persons with well developed indemnification of deficiency of a blood-groove on the changed vessel.

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