scholarly journals The retranslocation of boron is influenced by the nutritional status of cherry tomato plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denison Queiroz Pogorzelski ◽  
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro ◽  
Vanessa De Queiroz ◽  
Jaqueline do Carmo Alexandre ◽  
Arlindo Ferreira de Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Phloem Mobility ◽  
Localized Form

Boron (B) retranslocation may confer greater tolerance to B deficiency or toxicity, resulting in plants and fruits with better nutritional quality. Most plants do not demonstrate phloem mobility for B; however, some plants have natural mobility and others express it under stress conditions, such as nutritional stress. Therefore, we investigated the phloem mobility of B in cherry tomato plants with different nutritional status. The plants were cultivated in nutrient solution with adequate and insufficient doses of Potassium (K) and B. Furthermore, the plants received foliar fertilization with B in a mature leaf (F) in a localized form. The B content and amount in leaves near F were compared with leaves of the same age and position on control plants. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment and conducted in a randomized complete block design in a subdivided plot scheme with four replicates. Re-translocation of B between neighboring leaves was observed when the plant was without K deficiency and with B deficiency. In this nutritional status, leaves next to fertilized leaf with B (F) showed higher B amount when compared to leaves of the same position of control plants. Evidence suggests that retranslocation of B over relatively short distances (between leaves) can be influenced by the nutritional status the cherry tomato plants.

scholarly journals The Potential of Potassium Fertilizers in Improving the Availability and Uptake of Potassium in Rice Grown on Entisol

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Sri Hartati ◽  
. Suryono ◽  
Lia Sari Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Loose Soil ◽  
High K ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Marginal Soil

Entisol is a marginal soil spreading over some areas in Indonesia. It has loose soil consistency, low aggregation rates, sensitive to erosion, and low nutrient content. Entisol has high K deficiency.  Potassium plays an important role in rice growth (Oryza sativa). The aim of the research was to study the effects of  type and dose of potassium fertilizers on available K in Entisol and its uptake by rice plants. The study was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 2 factors, i.e. the types of potassium fertilizers (KCl, ZK and KNO3) and doses of potassium fertilizers (0 kg K2O ha-1, 50 kg K2O ha-1, 100 kg K2O ha-1, and 150 kg K2O ha-1), with three replications. The results showed that the type of potassium fertilizers applied resulted in similar effects on almost all soil and plant parameters. The dose of potassium fertilizers significantly affected all  soil and plant parameters, the higher the doses, the higher the values of the parameters observed.

scholarly journals Composting of household organic waste and its effects on growth and mineral composition of cherry tomato

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Kaline da Costa Ferreira ◽  
Nildo Da Silva Dias ◽  
Francisco Souto de Sousa Junior ◽  
Daianni Ariane da Costa Ferreira ◽  
Cleyton Dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Household Food

Composting is an alternative for recycling biodegradable organic waste, transforming it into organic fertilizer that can be used as agricultural nutrients, avoiding its disposal in landfills. This study evaluated the composting of household organic waste as a substitution for cattle manure, with a view to its application in the fertilization of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum Mill., Var. Cesariforme). Thus, compost piles were set up using 30% organic waste (carbon source) and 70% tree-pruning residues (filling material). Two sources of organic waste were tested: household food waste (FW) and cattle manure (CM), at five proportions (15% FW + 15% CM, 10% FW + 20% CM, 20% FW + 10% CM and the controls 30% CM and 30% FW). After 90 days, the mature compost from each pile was mixed with coconut fibre in a 1:1 ratio and used as substrate filled in 15 L plastic pots, where the cherry tomato plants were grown. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design, with five treatments and five replicates. Assessments of growth and leaf mineral composition were performed for the cherry tomato plants. The results indicate that cattle manure can be replaced by household food waste as the organic material used in compost piles. Fertilization with organic compost from household food waste positively influenced the growth and nutrient assimilation in the leaf tissue of cherry tomato.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacillus and Trichoderma species in the management of the bacterial wilt of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) in the field

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline K. Kariuki ◽  
Eunice W. Mutitu ◽  
William M. Muiru
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sorghum Grain

Abstract Background Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most devastating diseases in tomato cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bacillus and Trichoderma isolates to manage the bacterial wilt disease. Main body of the abstract Field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design at Mwea and Kabete sites in Kenya. The treatments included 3 Trichoderma; 2 Bacillus isolates; a mixture of T1, T2, and T4; chemical standard; and distilled water as control. Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates were grown on sterilized sorghum grain and cow manure carriers respectively. Antagonist’s inoculation was carried out by dipping tomato plants for 30 min in each treatment suspension. Each treatment was then applied at a rate of 150 ml/plant hole and this was repeated after 35 days. All the treatments significantly reduced bacterial wilt incidence and severity at P ≤ 0.05 than the control at both sites. Trichoderma isolate T1, followed by Bacillus isolate CB64, was the best in reducing the disease incidence by more than 61.66 and 53%, respectively at both sites. Treatment CB64 and T1 had the highest reduction of R. solanacearum population in the soil by 93.17 and 92.07%, respectively. However, control had a pathogen increase of 20.40%. CB64 and T1 performed significantly better compared to the standard, while the mixture of isolates T1, T2, and T4 performed the poorest in all parameters. The treatments also increased the yield of tomato. Short conclusion Results from this study showed that Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates are effective biological control agents for use in management of bacterial wilt.

Effect of Boron and Molybdenum Fertilization on `Spineless Beauty' Zucchini (Cucurbita sp.)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 445c-445
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Production Practices

The effect of boron (B) and molybdenum (Mo) foliar fertilization on `Spineless Beauty' zucchini (Cucurbita sp.) fruit yield was studied in Nigua, San Cristobal, Dominican Republic. Field trials were conducted in a loamy clay soil containing 0.3 parts per million (ppm) of B and no detectable amounts of Mo (detection limit 0.1 ppm). Zucchini was direct-seeded at a distance of 1 m between rows and 0.5 m within rows. Fertilization (except B and Mo applications) and other production practices were implemented as recommended. A randomized complete-block design with a factorial arrangement (0, 1, 2, and 3 kg B and 0, 0.1, and 0.2 kg Mo/ha) with four replications was utilized. Experimental units consisted of five plants. Fruits were harvested every other day during 20 days, starting 40 days after crop emergence. Yield data was submitted to analysis of variance. Significant B and Mo rate interactions were found. Maximum zucchini yields were achieved when the combination of 1.5 kg B and 0.1 kg Mo/ha was applied. Combinations containing 3 kg B/ha were toxic to zucchini, reducing yields in nearly 20% as compared to untreated plants.

scholarly journals Critical values of nitrogen indices in tomato plants grown in soil and nutrient solution determined by different statistical procedures

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes ◽  
Cláudio Pagotto Ronchi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Petiole Sap

The objective of this study was to establish critical values of the N indices, namely soil-plant analysis development (SPAD), petiole sap N-NO3 and organic N in the tomato leaf adjacent to the first cluster (LAC), under soil and nutrient solution conditions, determined by different statistical approaches. Two experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design with four repli-cations. Tomato plants were grown in soil, in 3 L pot, with five N rates (0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg kg-1) and in solution at N rates of 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mmol L-1. Experiments in nutrient solution and soil were finished at thirty seven and forty two days after transplanting, respectively. At those times, SPAD index and petiole sap N-NO3 were evaluated in the LAC. Then, plants were harvested, separated in leaves and stem, dried at 70ºC, ground and weighted. The organic N was determined in LAC dry matter. Three statistical procedures were used to calculate critical N values. There were accentuated discrepancies for critical values of N indices obtained with plants grown in soil and nutrient solution as well as for different statistical procedures. Critical values of nitrogen indices at all situations are presented.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ORGANO- BASED FOLIAR FERTILIZER ON CHLOROPHYLL AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF OKRA VARIETIES IN DERIVED SAVANAH OF NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
P. O. AKINTOKUN ◽  
D. U. AMUOFU ◽  
M. R. OSHO
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Tropics

Cultivation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) which is a commonly grown vegetable crop in the tropics is constrained by depleting soil fertility. Use of foliar fertilizer as a supplement has been successfully reported in the temperate region hence there is need to determine the effect of foliar liquid fertilizer on okra growth and nutritional quality. Field experiments were conducted at the Abeokuta (Federal University of Agriculture [FUNAAB] ) and Ibadan (National Horticulture Research Institute [NIHORT] ), between May and August 2015 to evaluate the response of two okra varieties to types and rates of organic-based foliar fertilizer application. Experiment was a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial combinations laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates at both locations. Factors were okra variety (LD88 and NHae47-4), the fertilizer types (D.I. Grow Green ® and D.I.Grow Red®) and four rate of foliar applications (0 [control], 300, 600 and 900 ml/ha) while NPK 15:15:15 served as check. The results showed that the D.I.Grow Red® at 300ml/ha produced the higher Ash (8.23%), fat (2.54%,), moisture (14.65%),  and carbohydrate (47.31%)  at Abeokuta while 600 ml/ha produced significantly the higher ash, crude fibre, moisture and carbohydrate (9.37%, 15.94%, 9.13%, and 52.02%), respectively in Ibadan. The study concluded that okra variety LD88 had superior growth performance. Application of D.I.Grow Red® at the rate of 300 ml/ha at Abeokuta and 600 ml/ha at Ibadan enhance fruit nutritional quality of okra. Therefore, 300 and 600 ml/ha is recommended to farmers in Abeokuta and Ibadan, respectively.    

Zinc, Manganese, and Iron Fertilization in `Spineless Beauty' Zucchini (Cucurbita sp.)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 445b-445
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Iron Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Fruit Harvest

Zucchini (Cucurbita sp.) fruit yield response to zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) foliar fertilization was determined in field trials conducted in a loamy clay soil in Nigua, San Cristobal, Dominican Republic. The soil had Zn, Mn, and Fe contents of 1.2, 8, and 2 parts per million (ppm), respectively. `Spineless Beauty' zucchini was direct-seeded at a distance of 1 m between rows and 0.5 m within rows. Except for Zn, Mn, and Fe fertilization, the crop was grown according to recommended practices. Experimental units contained five plants. A randomized complete-block design with a factorial arrangement (3 × 3 × 3) with four replications was utilized. Micronutrient rates were 0, 1, and 3 kg·ha–1 for Zn; 0, 3, and 6 kg·ha–1 for Mn; and 0, 3, and 6 kg·ha–1 for Fe. Total rates were divided in two 50% rate applications, sprayed in aqueous solution to the crop leaves 15 and 30 days after emergence. Fruit harvest began 40 days after crop emergence and was performed every other day during 20 days. Resulting data was subjected to analysis of variance. There were significant Zn, Mn, and Fe interactions, and thus micronutrient combinations were considered as individual treatments. Treatment means were separated with the lsd 5% test. Zucchini plants treated with a combination of 3 kg Zn/ha, 3 kg Mn/ha, and 3 kg Fe/ha produced fruit yields 31.5% higher than control plants. Combinations including higher Mn and Fe rates failed to further increase zucchini yields.

scholarly journals Phytoextraction and nutritional quality of forages cultivated in a constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Rubens Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Gilson Araújo de Freitas ◽  
Alvaro José Gomes de Faria ◽  
Jefferson Santana da Silva Carneiro ◽  
Inádia de Jesus Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoextraction Potential

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of sodium on the phytoextraction of nutrients and nutritional quality of forages (P. purpureum Schum and C. dactylon Pers) grown in wetland system constructed for wastewater generated in cattle slaughterhouses (WGCS) treatment. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were tested using 2 x 5 factorial scheme, as follows: two species of grass (P. purpureum Schum and C. dactylon Pers) and five concentrations of sodium in WGCS: 70, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg L-1. The phytoextraction potential of nutrients and the nutritional quality of forages grown in pots simulating a wetland system constructed for WGCS with sodium concentrations were assessed in terms of the contents of the nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium in leaf tissues. The accumulations of these nutrients in the produced forages were also evaluated. Both species presented different behaviors regarding their nutrient phytoextraction potentials. The nutritional quality was changed in the forages due to the cultivation in constructed wetlands. Forage C. dactylon Pers presented higher phytoextraction potential of sodium and potassium and P. purpureum Schum presented a higher nutritional quality.

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

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