scholarly journals Understanding without Explanation: A Still Open Issue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard David-Rus
Keyword(s):  
Open Issue

Significance and Role of Athletes in Ethical Education of Youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
Ivana Markov Čikić ◽  
Aleksandar Ivanovski
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Ethical Education ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Relationship Of

Summary One cannot write about the relationship of young people and current sports stars in modern society without having previously studied the processes of mediation and globalisation of sport, and the transformation of traditional social values. The goal of the science and practice engaged in sports and education of young people is a constant quest for preserving universal ethical values and reconciling them with the modern-day social processes. This paper will present the result of a survey conducted with adolescents in five different Serbian cities in order to find the answer to the question if sportspersons were their favourite television role-models. According to the results of our survey, 45% of adolescents do not have a favourite TV personality and do not know for sure who that could be. Novak Đoković, who would be the choice of adults for a role model of the young, with 63.2% according to the survey conducted by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, scored 3.81% in our survey with adolescents who would chose Novak Đoković as their favourite TV personality. The necessity of raising media literacy of young people with the aim of clear identification of sports role models who are going to improve their quality of life still remains an open issue for further research on this course.

A common precursor to both prebiotic and biological pathways to RNA nucleotides

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pérez-Villa ◽  
Thomas Georgelin ◽  
Jean-François Lambert ◽  
Marie-Christine Maurel ◽  
François Guyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Ab Initio Simulations ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Anomeric Carbon

Understanding the mechanism of spontaneous formation of ribonucleotides under realistic prebiotic conditions is a key open issue of origins-of-life research. In cells, <i>de novo</i> and salvage nucleotide enzymatic synthesis combines 5-phospho-α -D-ribose-1-diphosphate ( α-PRPP) and nucleobases. Interestingly, these reactants are also known as prebiotically plausible compounds. Combining ab initio simulations with mass spectrometry experiments, we compellingly demonstrate that nucleobases and α -PRPP spontaneously combine, through the same facile mechanism, forming both purine and pyrimidine ribonucleotides, under mild hydrothermal conditions. Surprisingly, this mechanism is very similar to the biological one, and yields ribonucleotides with the same anomeric carbon chirality as in biological systems. These results suggest that natural selection might have optimized – through enzymes – a pre-existing ribonucleotide formation mechanism, carrying it forward to modern life forms.

A common precursor to both prebiotic and biological pathways to RNA nucleotides

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pérez-Villa ◽  
Thomas Georgelin ◽  
Jean-François Lambert ◽  
Marie-Christine Maurel ◽  
François Guyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Ab Initio Simulations ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Anomeric Carbon

Understanding the mechanism of spontaneous formation of ribonucleotides under realistic prebiotic conditions is a key open issue of origins-of-life research. In cells, <i>de novo</i> and salvage nucleotide enzymatic synthesis combines 5-phospho-α -D-ribose-1-diphosphate ( α-PRPP) and nucleobases. Interestingly, these reactants are also known as prebiotically plausible compounds. Combining ab initio simulations with mass spectrometry experiments, we compellingly demonstrate that nucleobases and α -PRPP spontaneously combine, through the same facile mechanism, forming both purine and pyrimidine ribonucleotides, under mild hydrothermal conditions. Surprisingly, this mechanism is very similar to the biological one, and yields ribonucleotides with the same anomeric carbon chirality as in biological systems. These results suggest that natural selection might have optimized – through enzymes – a pre-existing ribonucleotide formation mechanism, carrying it forward to modern life forms.

scholarly journals Gamification-less: may gamification really foster civic participation? A controlled field experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Romano ◽  
Paloma Díaz ◽  
Ignacio Aedo
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Group Design ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Smart Communities

AbstractIn the context of smart communities, it is essential an active and continuous collaboration between citizens, organizations and institutions. There are several cases where citizens may be asked to participate such as in public decision-making process by informing, voting or proposing projects or in crisis management by sharing precise and timely information with other citizens and emergency organizations. However, these opportunities do not automatically result in participatory practices sustained over time. Mobile technologies and social networks provide the substratum for supporting formal empowerment, but citizen engagement in participation processes is still an open issue. One of the techniques used to improve engagement is gamification based on the humans’ predisposition to games. So far, we still lack studies that can prove the advantage of gamified systems respect to non-gamified ones in civic participation context. In this work, we present a between-group design experiment performed in the wild using two mobile applications enabling civic participation, one gamified and the other not. Our results highlight that the gamified application generates a better user experience and civic engagement.

scholarly journals The Biology of Classic Hairy Cell Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7780
Author(s):  
Jan-Paul Bohn ◽  
Stefan Salcher ◽  
Andreas Pircher ◽  
Gerold Untergasser ◽  
Dominik Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Purine Analogues ◽  
B Cell Malignancy ◽  
Activating Mutation ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Almost All

Classic hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare mature B-cell malignancy associated with pancytopenia and infectious complications due to progressive infiltration of the bone marrow and spleen. Despite tremendous therapeutic advances achieved with the implementation of purine analogues such as cladribine into clinical practice, the culprit biologic alterations driving this fascinating hematologic disease have long stayed concealed. Nearly 10 years ago, BRAF V600E was finally identified as a key activating mutation detectable in almost all HCL patients and throughout the entire course of the disease. However, additional oncogenic biologic features seem mandatory to enable HCL transformation, an open issue still under active investigation. This review summarizes the current understanding of key pathogenic mechanisms implicated in HCL and discusses major hurdles to overcome in the context of other BRAF-mutated malignancies.

scholarly journals Temporal hierarchy of intrinsic neural timescales converges with spatial core-periphery organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrshad Golesorkhi ◽  
Javier Gomez-Pilar ◽  
Shankar Tumati ◽  
Maia Fraser ◽  
Georg Northoff
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
The Core ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Task Differences ◽  
Spatial Hierarchy ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
And Task

AbstractThe human cortex exhibits intrinsic neural timescales that shape a temporal hierarchy. Whether this temporal hierarchy follows the spatial hierarchy of its topography, namely the core-periphery organization, remains an open issue. Using magnetoencephalography data, we investigate intrinsic neural timescales during rest and task states; we measure the autocorrelation window in short (ACW-50) and, introducing a novel variant, long (ACW-0) windows. We demonstrate longer ACW-50 and ACW-0 in networks located at the core compared to those at the periphery with rest and task states showing a high ACW correlation. Calculating rest-task differences, i.e., subtracting the shared core-periphery organization, reveals task-specific ACW changes in distinct networks. Finally, employing kernel density estimation, machine learning, and simulation, we demonstrate that ACW-0 exhibits better prediction in classifying a region’s time window as core or periphery. Overall, our findings provide fundamental insight into how the human cortex’s temporal hierarchy converges with its spatial core-periphery hierarchy.

scholarly journals MIMO Throughput Effectiveness for Basic MIMO OTA Compliance Testing

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adoración Marín-Soler ◽  
Guillermo Ypiña-García ◽  
Álvaro Belda-Sanchiz ◽  
Antonio M. Martínez-González
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Figures Of Merit ◽  
Throughput Gain ◽  
Compliance Testing ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Open Issue

During the March 2011 meeting of the CTIA MIMO OTA Subgroup (MOSG), the members agreed that the subgroup should first determine “what” aspects of a MIMO-capable device require evaluation; then the group should determine “how” to go about making these measurements. In subsequent meetings of MOSG, new yet-unnamed figures of merit were asked for in order to provide a solution to the carriers' requirements for LTE MIMO OTA evaluation. Furthermore, the December 2011 3GPP RAN4 status report on LTE MIMO OTA listed the evaluation of the use of statistical performance analysis in order to minimize test time and help ensure accurate performance assessment as an open issue. This contribution addresses these petitions by providing four new figures of merit, which could serve the purpose of evaluating the operators' top priorities for MIMO OTA compliance testing. The new figures of merit are MIMO Throughput Effectiveness (MTE), MIMO Device Throughput Effectiveness (MDTE), MIMO Throughput Gain (MTG), and MIMO Device Throughput Gain (MDTG). In this paper, MTE is evaluated using the recently available LTE MIMO OTA RR data from 3GPP.

Open Issue and Concluding Remarks

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
David E. Forbes ◽  
Pornpit Wongthongtham ◽  
Chamonix Terblanche ◽  
Udsanee Pakdeetrakulwong
Keyword(s):  
Open Issue
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