scholarly journals Determination of Filtration and Purification System for Flood Water Filter

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.15) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Kamarudin ◽  
Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin ◽  
Rosalan Umar ◽  
Abdul Rahman Hassan ◽  
Fathurrahman Lananan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganism ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
Water Filter ◽  
Dirty Water ◽  
Water Problem ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Water Well

Water is one of the basic needs which essential to life but cannot take it easy, it becomes more concern when a flood, there is plenty of dirty water than clean water, and the sources of the water are not approved to use. There are many kinds of waterborne pathogens which can donate diseases also death if not treating the water well before use. The treatment can be utilized based on the size of the microorganism. By identifying the size of the smallest bacteria will make easier to find the filtration based on the size of filter pores and other processes to ensure all the bacteria is removed and the water safe to use. Even there are many kinds of bacteria or microorganisms in the contaminated water, but the pathogens need to deal. The water will become clean and safe to use when the colour is clear and there is any pathogenic microorganism in there. This study is to ensure water is clean from pathogen after the flood water is filtered by know for sure the organism’s size and to overcome the lack of clean water problem during the flood and others purpose. 

scholarly journals Training on Making Environmentally Friendly Clean Water Filters Using Used Bottles for Residents of Tegallega Village in Cianjur Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-114
Author(s):  
Rina Rindiani
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Filter ◽  
Dirty Water ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Activity Method ◽  
Water Filters

Tegallega Village, Warung Kondang District, Cianjur Regency has a problem regarding the availability of clean water, the water used by residents comes from the Cimanceuri River or dug wells where the water is relatively cloudy, even though the use of dirty water has the potential to cause various health problems, such as cholera, dysentery, typhus, and tuberculosis and other diseases. The availability of clean water has always been one of the characteristics of community welfare. How not without clean water it is impossible to realize a prosperous society, a physically and mentally healthy society as a form of participation in developing public health. This activity method in community service uses a follow-up study method with a participatory approach in community service, the team conducts training on how to make simple water filtration that can be used as a source of clean water for families by using plastic bottle waste and other environmentally friendly materials that residents can find around environment in making the dirty water filter. The results of this Community Service Activity went smoothly and were greeted with great enthusiasm by the residents because the practice of making water purification equipment made with materials such as pebbles, coconut fiber, charcoal, fibers, and sponges functioned well from the water which was originally colored cloudy turns to be clearer and odorless.

scholarly journals Kinerja Filter Portabel Tepat Guna dalam Mereduksi Kekeruhan Air Banjir untuk Sanitasi atau MCK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede H Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Variation ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Water Filter ◽  
Optimal Filtration ◽  
Local Media

During flood people had difficulties in obtaining clean water for sanitation (toilet). There was plenty of flood water but highly turbid. The water filter required electricity but its power outaged during flood. Filters usually used energy from electricity or gravity. This study evaluated the performance of a new handy-manually operated flood water portable filter. The standard of Permenkes No. 32/2017 was used as a reference. The flood water filter was pressurized by 0.025 kgf/cm2 and 0.051 kgf/cm2 and used local media: gravel, silica sand, anthracite, sponge. The results showed that pressure 0.025 kgf/cm2 was able to reduce turbidity from 220 NTU to 20.17 NTU with efficiency 90.83%. At 0.051 kgf/cm2 the filter was able to reduce turbidity from 220 NTU to 29.67 NTU with efficiency 86.52%. The pressure variation significantly affects the filtrate quality. The filter with pressure 0.025 kgf/cm2 could be applied for optimal filtration and produced 100-150 liters before clogging. This filter still needs to be studied related to physical strength, type and composition of media, portability and volume of water produced. This flood water filter will be an alternative solution for areas that often flood but no electricity or the power outage during flood.

ANALISA LOGAM BESI (Fe) DI SUNGAI PASAR DAERAH BELANGWETAN KLATEN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Rahmi Nurhaini ◽  
Arief Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Republic

Iron (Fe) is one of many heavy metals that is corrosive resistant, dense, and has a low melting point. If accumulated in the body, the metal can cause some medical conditions, such as irritation to skin and eyes, breathing problems, and in the long term, cancer. This research aims to know generally the spread of metallic iron (Fe) in the river Pasar in Belangwetan, Klaten. This study was conducted using an observational method in which researchers did not examine the effects of interventions. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method taken from three points, namely the upper, middle, lower. Determination of iron levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) obtained a positive result, and the data was processed using SPSS to determine the Mean and Standard Deviation. Of the research result, it could be known the Mean score was 2.33 ppm and SD was 0.0352. The result of this research indicated that the levels of iron in the river Pasar in Belangwetan were 2.33 ppm. It means that the levels violate the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is not more than 1mg/L (1ppm) in the clean water

scholarly journals Flour production from shrimp by-products and sensory evaluation of flour-based products

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 962-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Mendes Fernandes ◽  
João Andrade da Silva ◽  
Ana Hermínia Andrade da Silva ◽  
José Marcelino de Oliveira Cavalheiro ◽  
Maria Lúcia da Conceição
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
New Products ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganism ◽  
Sensorial Evaluation ◽  
Flour Production ◽  
Microbiological Analyses ◽  
By Products

The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of flour using by-products (cephalothorax) obtained from the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) industry, and to perform a sensory analysis of shrimp flour-based products. Physicochemical and microbiological analyses on fresh cephalothorax and on manufactured flour were performed, as well as the determination of cholesterol content of this flour, and the sensorial evaluation of soup and pastry made with this flour. By the microbiological analyses, no pathogenic microorganism was detected in the samples. Physicochemical analyses of flour showed high levels of protein (50.05%) and minerals (20.97%). Shrimp cephalothorax flour showed high levels of cholesterol. The sensory evaluation indicated a good acceptance of the products, with satisfactory acceptability index (81% for soup, and 83% for pastry), which indicates that shrimp cephalothorax in the form of flour has a potential for developing new products.

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY FOR HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF RIVER REGULATION AND DETERMINATION OF DIKE PARAMETERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
E. I. Mikhnevich
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
River Regulation ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Belt Width

Territory protection against flood water inundation and creation of polder systems are carried out with the help of protection dikes. One of the main requirements to the composition of polder systems in flood plains is a location of border dikes beyond meander belt in order to avoid their erosion when meander development occurs. Meander belt width can be determined on the basis of the analysis of multi-year land surveying pertaining top river-bed building and in the case when such data is not available this parameter is calculated in accordance with the Snishchenko formula. While banking-up a river bed a flooded area is decreasing and, consequently, water level in inter-dike space and rate of flood water are significantly increasing. For this reason it is necessary to locate dikes at a such distance from a river bed which will not cause rather high increase in water level and flow velocity in the inter-dike space. Methodology for hydraulic calculation of river regulation has been developed in order to substantiate design parameters for levee systems, creation of favourable hydraulic regime in these systems and provision of sustainability for dikes. Its main elements are calculations of pass-through capacity of the leveed channel and rise of water level in inter-dike space, and distance between dikes and their crest level. Peculiar feature of the proposed calculated formulae is an interaction consideration of channel and inundated flows. Their mass-exchanging process results in slowing-down of the channel flow and acceleration of the inundated flow. This occurrence is taken into account and coefficients of kinematic efficiency are introduced to the elements of water flow rate in the river channel and flood plain, respectively. The adduced dependencies for determination of a dike crest level (consequently their height) take into consideration a rise of water level in inter-dike space for two types of polder systems: non-inundable (winter) dikes with maximum spring flood rate and inundable (summer) dikes with summer-autumn flood rates. The proposed calculated formulae can be recommended for application at design organizations.

scholarly journals Determination of flood water zones caused by storm water using the example of Minsk (Belarus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1/2018) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
В. Корнеев ◽  
◽  
Л. Гертман ◽  
И. Булак ◽  
А. Пахомов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Water ◽  
Flood Water

A photothermal and Fenton active MOF-based membrane for high-efficiency solar water evaporation and clean water production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (43) ◽  
pp. 22728-22735
Author(s):  
Xu Ma ◽  
Zheng Deng ◽  
Zhuoyi Li ◽  
Danke Chen ◽  
Xinyi Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Water

A Fenton active Zr–Fc MOF-based membrane was designed for efficiently producing clean water from VOC contaminated water via the solar evaporation process.

scholarly journals Use of Equivalent Loss Models Under Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 254-270
Author(s):  
William Dey
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Data Input ◽  
Common Currency ◽  
Loss Models

Equivalent loss models encompass a variety of life table-based approaches that can be used to convert age- and life stage-specific estimates of entrainment and impingement loss to a common, easily understood currency. This common currency can be expressed in terms of numbers of individuals, yield to the fishery, or biomass to the ecosystem. These models have at least two key uses in the Section 316(b) assessment process: screening for adverse environmental impact (AEI) and determination of environmental benefits associated with intake alternatives. This paper reviews the various forms of equivalent loss models, their data input requirements, and their assumptions and limitations. In addition, it describes how these models can be used as a second-level screening tool as part of the assessment of the potential for AEI. Given their relative simplicity and ease of use, equivalent loss models should prove to be an important tool in the arsenal of impact assessment methods for Section 316(b).

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