scholarly journals Cluster head shuffling based global optimization using elephant herd optimization (EHO) approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Er Sharad ◽  
Savita Shiwani ◽  
Manish Suroliya
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Wireless Nodes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Performance

Wireless Sensors are susceptible from frequent energy decay which leads to the reduction of lifetime of entire network scenario. Such energy loss occurring in the sensor nodes are addressed and worked out by number of researchers using number of methods including Low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and its number of variants. Despite of enormous variants of LEACH, there is still huge scope of research because of increasing use of sensor nodes in assorted scenarios. The development of energy aware wireless sensor networks is in research from a long time because of the increasing issues related to lesser lifetime of nodes in the wireless environment. The traditional lifetime of wireless nodes even in smart grids is 835 days while the other wireless nodes die in maximum 30 days. Many times, the battery time of wireless sensor nodes is very few days which is a costly affair. It is difficult and cost consuming to redeploy the wireless nodes to reform the network and cost of clustering. In this research work, a novel and performance aware approach Elephant Herd Optimization based Cluster Head Selection is developed and implemented so that the optimization level can be improved. The nature inspired soft computing approaches are prominently used for global optimization and reduction of error factors from existing results and that is the key focus in this research work.

scholarly journals Cluster Based Techniques LEACH and Modified LEACH using Optimized Technique EHO in WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Adaptive Clustering ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Performance

In the last few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) and the advance wireless networks are becoming very prominent in various domains. Wireless Sensors are facing problems of frequent energy loss which affects to the lifetime of the entire network. There are number of researchers who are working on such energy losses which occur in the wireless sensor nodes by using various approaches. One such method is Low- energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and its number of methods. Despite of various methods of LEACH, there is still immense scope of research as it is highly used in sensor nodes for different scenarios. The emerging growth of energy aware wireless sensor networks for a long time leads to various problems related to the lifetime of nodes in the wireless environment. In our research paper, a new and performance aware approach named Elephant Herd Optimization based Cluster Head Selection is devised and simulated so that the optimization level can be achieved. The nature inspired soft computing approaches are always beneficial for the use of optimization and reduction of various problems which can occur during energy optimization and this is the main focus which is considered in this research work. The main fundamental concept of the cluster head shuffling using EHO and other methods of key exchange are simulated in Contiki-Cooja which is an open source simulator for wireless sensor networks

scholarly journals Design and Simulation of AI Based Dynamic Deployment Algorithm for WSN using NS3

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4777-4783
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Deployment ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Area Of Application

Currently the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is considered as one among the interesting and emerging research domains. The software and hardware capabilities of sensor nodes in WSN have improved the technology and supported to recognise WSN as one of the motivating and stimulating domains. The implementation and adoption of best dynamic deployment techniques in the application of WSNs have been specified as efficient and well-organised solutions in order to enhance the performance of WSN. The existing dynamic deployment algorithms are reviewed and ensured that there is more scope for the enhancement and improvement in terms of solving the constraints related with the rate of energy consumption and performance of WSN. In this research work, a new dynamic deployment algorithm based on Machine Learning (ML) concepts named as Cluster Head Energy Optimizer (CHEO) is designed and implemented in an urge of enhancing the performance of WSN. The results and conclusion of this research validates the performance of WSN by considering the parameters such as, energy efficiency, area of coverage, rate of data transmission and number of deployed nodes in the selected area of application. The result is compared with the existing dynamic deployment algorithms and concludes that, new algorithm yields the better result than those of existing deployment algorithms.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption Based Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG) Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5S3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Secure Routing ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of a large amount of nodes connected in a self-directed manner. The most important problems in WSN are Energy, Routing, Security, etc., price of the sensor nodes and renovation of these networks is reasonable. The sensor node tools included a radio transceiver with an antenna and an energy source, usually a battery. WSN compute the environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pollution levels, etc., WSN built the network with the help of nodes. A sensor community consists of many detection stations known as sensor nodes, every of which is small, light-weight and portable. Nodes are linked separately. Each node is linked into the sensors. In recent years WSN has grow to be an essential function in real world. The data’s are sent from end to end multiple nodes and gateways, the data’s are connected to other networks such as wireless Ethernet. MGEAR is the existing mechanism. It works with the routing and energy consumption. The principal problem of this work is choosing cluster head, and the selection is based on base station, so the manner is consumes energy. In this paper, develop the novel based hybrid protocol Low Energy Aware Gateway (LEAG). We used Zigbee techniques to reduce energy consumption and routing. Gateway is used to minimize the energy consumption and data is send to the base station. Nodes are used to transmit the data into the cluster head, it transmit the data into gateway and gateway compress and aggregate the data then sent to the base station. Simulation result shows our proposed mechanism consumes less energy, increased throughput, packet delivery ration and secure routing when compared to existing mechanism (MGEAR).

scholarly journals Lifetime centric load balancing mechanism in wireless sensor network based IoT environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 4183
Author(s):  
Veerabadrappa Veerabadrappa ◽  
Booma Poolan Marikannan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Physical Parameters

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a vital form of the underlying technology of the internet of things (IoT); WSN comprises several energy-constrained sensor nodes to monitor various physical parameters. Moreover, due to the energy constraint, load balancing plays a vital role considering the wireless sensor network as battery power. Although several clustering algorithms have been proposed for providing energy efficiency, there are chances of uneven load balancing and this causes the reduction in network lifetime as there exists inequality within the network. These scenarios occur due to the short lifetime of the cluster head. These cluster head (CH) are prime responsible for all the activity as it is also responsible for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communications. In this research work, a mechanism named lifetime centric load balancing mechanism (LCLBM) is developed that focuses on CH-selection, network design, and optimal CH distribution. Furthermore, under LCLBM, assistant cluster head (ACH) for balancing the load is developed. LCLBM is evaluated by considering the important metrics, such as energy consumption, communication overhead, number of failed nodes, and one-way delay. Further, evaluation is carried out by comparing with ES-Leach method, through the comparative analysis it is observed that the proposed model outperforms the existing model.

scholarly journals LEVEL PARTITIONING OF NODES TO ENHANCE THE NETWORK LIFETIME DURING INTRUSION DETECTION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

2013 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
A. BABU KARUPPIAH ◽  
KEERTHINATH KEERTHINATH ◽  
M. KUNDRU MALAI RAJAN ◽  
K.ASHIF ISMAIL SHERIFF ◽  
S. RAJARAM
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Network Life Time ◽  
Power Capability

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many sensor nodes with low cost and power capability Based on the deployment, in the sensing coverage of a sensor node, typically more nodes are covered. A major challenge in constructing a WSN is to enhance the network life time. Nodes in a WSN are usually highly energy-constrained and expected to operate for long periods from limited on-board energy reserves. To permit this, nodes and the embedded software that they execute – must have energy-aware operation. Because of this, continued developments in energy-efficient operation are paramount, requiring major advances to be made in energy hardware, power management circuitry and energy aware algorithms znd protocols. During Intrusion Detection in sensor networks, some genuine nodes need to communicate with the Cluster Head to inform about the details of malicious nodes. For such applications in sensor networks, a large number of sensor nodes that are deployed densely in specific sensing environment share the same sensing tasks. Due to this, the individual nodes might waste their energy in sensing data that are not destined to it and as a result the drain in the energy of the node is more resulting in much reduced network life time. In this paper, a novel algorithm is developed to avoid redundancy in sensing the data thereby enhancing the life time of the network. The concept of Power Factor bit is proposed while a node communicates with the Cluster Head. The simulation results show that the network life time is greatly enhanced by the proposed method.

scholarly journals Optimized Cluster-Based Dynamic Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture Precision

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Umair Bashir ◽  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
Antonio Leon
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Agriculture Sector

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming one of the demanding platforms, where sensor nodes are sensing and monitoring the physical or environmental conditions and transmit the data to the base station via multihop routing. Agriculture sector also adopted these networks to promote innovations for environmental friendly farming methods, lower the management cost, and achieve scientific cultivation. Due to limited capabilities, the sensor nodes have suffered with energy issues and complex routing processes and lead to data transmission failure and delay in the sensor-based agriculture fields. Due to these limitations, the sensor nodes near the base station are always relaying on it and cause extra burden on base station or going into useless state. To address these issues, this study proposes a Gateway Clustering Energy-Efficient Centroid- (GCEEC-) based routing protocol where cluster head is selected from the centroid position and gateway nodes are selected from each cluster. Gateway node reduces the data load from cluster head nodes and forwards the data towards the base station. Simulation has performed to evaluate the proposed protocol with state-of-the-art protocols. The experimental results indicated the better performance of proposed protocol and provide more feasible WSN-based monitoring for temperature, humidity, and illumination in agriculture sector.

scholarly journals ECHA: A Novel Energy Efficient Cluster Head Election Algorithm to Provide Energy-Aware Routing in WSN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5906-5909
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Computing Device ◽  
Energy Aware Routing

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of several low powered, tiny and cheap sensors deployed over a geographical area to monitor the environment. WSN can be set out in various real time applications like security and surveillance, healthcare monitoring, smart grids, smart buildings, environmental monitoring and industrial applications etc. A WSN includes numerous spatially dispersed sensor nodes or motes that sense the environment, transfer them to a computing device through hoping and processes them to result in useful information. Since motes are low-powered and operate on limited energy resource, prolong usage of same nodes to transfer data may lead to network failure. Clustering provides an efficient technique to increase the longevity of network by efficiently using the residual energy in the motes. We propose a reasonable energy aware routing protocol that implements energy efficient cluster formation through Energy efficient Custer Head Election (ECHA) algorithm that increases the network performance to a greater extent.

scholarly journals An Energy-Aware Clustering Protocol Based Grid For WSN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Yousif Khalid Yousid ◽  
R Badlishah ◽  
N. Yaakob ◽  
A Amir
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Clustering Protocol ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

One of the most critical problems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is to how to reduce energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime of WSNs. Clustering is of the solutions, which have been used to reduce energy consumption by partition the network into clusters. However; most of the clustering schemes select the cluster head (CH) either randomly or based on centralized manner. Both approaches lead to deficient utilization of WSN resources. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate a new multi-hop clustering protocol called EACPG, which aimed to provide energy efficiency and maintain load balancing. In EACPG the network is divvied into multiple numbers of virtual square grids. Also, different parameters are considered for cluster head election based on distributed manner. In addition, a new mechanism for CH rotation is used in order to maintain load balancing between CHs.  Finally, Results show that the proposed scheme has better performance in term of energy consumption and the number of alive sensor nodes and throughput.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Improvement in LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-508
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Leach Protocol ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effective Use

The most important reason for saving energy on wireless sensor networks is communication. Data transmission consumes about 70% of the energy of the sensor node. Effective use of energy on sensor nodes is a good way to increase the lifetime of WSN. In order to extend the life of the network, energy-saving routing protocols must be designed. In this article, I will discuss (LEACH), which is the first and most popular energy-saving hierarchical clustering algorithm for WSN and an improvement to Leach and VLeach that attempts to eliminate the shortcoming of V-LEACH and LEACH protocols, In this method, initially, the "sub-cluster head" and "cluster head" are selected according to the energy and distance parameters. The head of the cluster and the vice president of the cluster make decisions based on the distance and the remaining energy of the sensor nodes. Compared with standard leaching, this algorithm can provide better network life, efficiency and performance.

scholarly journals Energy Aware Heuristic approach for Cluster Head Selection in Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tamizharasi M. E. ◽  
J. Jasmine Selvathai M. E. ◽  
A. Kavi Priya ◽  
Maarlin R. ◽  
Harinetha M.
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Communication Devices

Wireless sensor networks idea is envisioned and defined as self-deployed, error prone, long living inexpensive communication devices that are densely deployed to collect data from physical space. Sensor nodes communicate with each other to detect events depending on the application, to collect and process data, and to transmit the sensed information to the base station by hopping the data from node to node. Major challenge in wireless network is energy consumption, since the sensor devices are deployed on unattended wide areas and replacing their batteries is not very feasible. Therefore, designing energy-aware algorithms becomes a major challenge for extending the lifetime of sensors. The lifetime of the network can be maximized by selecting the most optimal cluster head. In this paper, a heuristic decision making approach is proposed for producing energy-aware clusters with optimal selection of cluster head. This helps to improve the efficiency and accuracy and overcome the drawbacks like getting trapped at a local extreme in the optimization process.

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