scholarly journals Fire behavioural and mechanical properties of carbon fibre reinforced aluminium laminate composites for aero-engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.13) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Abd Rahim Abu Talib ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan3 ◽  
Syamimi Sadoon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Fibre Flax ◽  
Fibre Metal ◽  
Fibre Metal Laminate

Two different properties of fibre-metal laminate composites (FML), including the fire behaviour and mechanical properties, were experimentally studied in this paper. The fibre-metal laminate composites studied were made of aluminium alloy 2024-T3, carbon fibre, flax, kenaf and epoxy resin/hardener arranged in different forms. The aims of the study are to assess the fire behaviour of the composites using ISO2685 standard and mechanical properties of the composite after withstanding the burn-through according to the standard. The fire test was carried out using ISO2685 standard using a propane-air burner, whereby the propane gas and air serves as the fluid to the system. The universal testing machine of the 100 kN load cell and gun tunnel were used for the mechanical properties test according to each test standard. The fire results showed that three of the FML composites considered in the study are fireproof composites while carbon fibre kenaf reinforced aluminium laminate (CARALL4) is a fire resistant composite. Carbon fibre reinforced aluminium laminate with aluminium alloy at the front and the rear face (CARALL2) withstood higher flame temperature than the other FML composites with 14.4%, 49.0% and 82.8% greater than CARALL1, CARALL3 and CARALL4 in terms of thermal conductivity. In terms of mechanical properties, it was also CARALL2 that has higher tensile, compressive, flexural and impact strength. Therefore, the study showed that carbon fibre flax reinforced aluminium laminate (CARALL3) which is the hybrid composite with green fibre can compete with fibre-metal laminate composites of pure synthetic fibre in terms of their properties.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mechanical, Microstructures and Wear Behaviours of Aluminium Alloy Reinforced with Mussel Shell Powder for Automobile Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Idawu Yakubu Suleiman ◽  
Auwal Kasim ◽  
Abdullahi Tanko Mohammed ◽  
Munir Zubairu Sirajo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Mussel Shell ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shell Powder

This paper aims to investigate the mechanical (tensile, hardness, impact, elongation), microstructure and wear behaviours of aluminium alloy reinforced with mussel shell powder (MSP) at different weight percentages (0 wt. % to 15 wt. %) at 3 wt. % interval. The mussel shell powder was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The matrix and the composites’ morphology were studied using a scanning electron microscope attached with energy dispersive spectroscopy for the distribution of mussel shell powder particles within the matrix. The wear behaviour of the alloy and composites produced at various reinforcements were carried out using a Taber abrasion wear-testing machine. The XRF showed the compositions of MSP to contain calcium oxide (95.70 %), silica (0.83 %) and others. Mechanical properties showed that tensile values increase with increases in MSP, hardness value increases from 6 wt. % to 15 wt. % of MSP. The impact energy decreased from 42.6 J at 3 wt. % to 22.6 J at 15 wt. %; the percentage elongation also decreased from 37.4 % at 3 wt. % to 20.5 % at 15 wt. % MSP, respectively. The bending stress results increase with increases in the percentage of reinforcement. The morphologies revealed that uniform distribution of MSP within the matrix resulted to improvement in mechanical properties. The wear resistance of the composites increases with increase in the applied load and decreases with increases in the weight percentage of MSP and can be used in the production of brake pads and insulators in the automobile industry.

Specific Mechanical Properties of New Hybrid Laminates with Thermoplastic Matrix and a Variable Metal Component

2015 ◽  
Vol 825-826 ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Nestler ◽  
Heike Jung ◽  
Sebastian Arnold ◽  
Bernhard Wielage ◽  
Guntram Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Expansion Coefficient ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Hybrid Laminates ◽  
Reinforced Thermoplastics

Hybrid laminates combine the positive properties of metals and fibre reinforced plastics. Thereby, the relatively free selectable components provide further benefits. Especially thermoplastic matrices offer positive aspects like the possibility of deformation, recyclability as well as the possibility of mass production. To obtain such hybrid laminates the first step is the production of pre-consolidated unidirectional endless fibre reinforced thermoplastic foils. In a second step, these pre-impregnated fibre-foil tapes were alternating thermally pressed with metallic layers in tailored compositions. To use the full capacity of the hybrid laminates an adequate interface between the fibre reinforced thermoplastics and the metallic foil is essential. Different investigations of the authors display the principle possibility to produce hybrid laminates with carbon endless fibre reinforced thermoplastics and aluminium alloy foils. Nevertheless, load free delamination’s occurs. The reason for these delaminations within the interface of the fibre reinforced thermoplastics and the metallic foil are the differences in the thermal expansion coefficient of the components. Caused by the consolidation at elevated temperatures these differences become more significant and reduce the reproducibility of the hybrid laminates. To minimize these thermal induced stresses the graduation of the thermal expansion coefficient is one possibility. This graduation is possible by utilising glass fibre thermoplastic tapes between the aluminium alloy foil and the carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics. Further investigations are dealing with so called expansion alloys to adapt the thermal expansion coefficient. The latter approach provides the benefit to utilize the full mechanical properties of the carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics and to economize the glass-fibre tapes. Nevertheless, these expansion alloys are characterized by a high density. Hence, within this contribution the specific mechanical properties as well as the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid laminates with expansion alloys or aluminium alloys with glass-fibre thermoplastics interlayers are discussed and assessed. These specific mechanical properties display the potential of the expansion alloy in spite of the high density by means of comparable values. The sample only consisting of carbon fibre reinforced plastics highlights the great variety and possibilities of different hybrid laminate structures and combinations regarding the thickness and positioning of the component layers.

Mechanical behavioural testing of fibre metal laminate composites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jerome ◽  
N. Rajesh Jesudoss Hynes ◽  
R. Sankaranarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Fibre Metal ◽  
Fibre Metal Laminate

Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Morphological Study of Coated Ceramics Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Aluminium Alloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sangeetha ◽  
S. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Hardness Property ◽  
Carbon Nano Tubes

Aluminium alloy(A 356) has improved properties such as tension and elongation butit is decreased in hardness property compared to ceramics and therefore silicon carbideparticle (SiCp) is added with aluminium alloy to increase its hardness. Silicon Carbideparticle is abrasive and hence having poor interfacial bonding between ceramics andaluminium, so that the surface of the ceramics is coated with Multi Wall Carbon Nano Tubes(MWCNT). In this paper 10% of SiCp is taken for the experiment and coated with 1.5%, 2%,2.5% of MWCNT and this coated SiCp mixed with molten A 356 using stir casting method.The prepared castings were mechanically tested using Universal Testing Machine (UTM),Vickers hardness Testing Machine, Impact Testing Machine and Optical Microscope andtheir mechanical properties and morphological characteristics were studied

Testing of Fibreglass-Metal Laminates in Epoxy Warp Connected by Means of the Adhesive Layer

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Zolkiewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Glue Joint ◽  
Fibre Metal ◽  
Fibre Metal Laminate ◽  
Force Characteristics ◽  
Initial Research

The fibre-metal laminate specimens were connected with steel plates by means of the glue joints. The influence of the type of connection on composite mechanical properties (displacement vs. force characteristics) was analyzed. The glue joint between the laminate and the steel plate guarantees even distribution of the displacement during tests. The method of connecting laminates by means of glue joints leads to the connection with the smallest overall dimensions and weight. In the initial research the samples connected by means of different glues were tested.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE HEAT TREATMENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 6201 ALUMINIUM ALLOY WIRE

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3A) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Cong Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Machine Model ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Alloy Wire ◽  
Heat Treated

Type 6201 aluminium alloy wires are produced by drawing 4.7 mm diameter billet-on-billet extruded redraw rod down to 2.7 mm diameter wires. Before drawing, the first group of redraw rod coils was annealed at 480oC for 4 hours to reduce the hardness of the redraw rod. The second group of redraw rod coils was drawn without annealing. With each group of redraw rod, after drawing, some wire coils were solution heat treated, then artificially aged or naturally aged. The other wire coils were artificially aged or naturally aged without solution heat treatment. Mechanical properties of the wires were assessed by a tensile testing machine (model UTM-1000)With suitable aging temperature and aging time, wires produced from each group of redraw rod coils with or without solution heat treatment attain tensile requirements of ASTM B398, but wires produced with solution heat treatment attain higher elongation than wires produced without solution heat treatment.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Materials with Enhanced Thermo-Mechanical Properties for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Uavs) and Aerospace Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Iqbal Khan ◽  
Zurina Mohamad ◽  
Abdul Razak Rahmat ◽  
Unsia Habib
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

Lightweight and high strength composite materials are vital for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and aerospace technologies with desired characteristics. Carbon composite materials exhibit extraordinary properties for UAVs and aerospace applications. This study aimed to discover the best-prepared composition of composites material having epoxy LY-5052 and carbon fibres laminate for UAVs. Besides, to develop a low cost with high specific strength composite material for aerospace application to replace metallic alloys. In this work, the vacuum bag technique is used to prepare rectangular strips of three different ratios of carbon fibre/epoxy laminates [(40:60), (50:50) and (60:40)] to obtain the best composite in terms of properties. The thermo-mechanical and viscoelastic behaviour of composite materials were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), universal testing machine (UTM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The tensile strength of epoxy LY5052 composites with 60 wt% has enhanced to 986%, and glass transition temperature (Tg) was improved from 71oC to 110oC. Overall, 60 wt% carbon fibre exhibits better thermo-mechanical properties with lightweight, which may be a future composite material for aerospace, especially UAVs technologies.

Effect of friction stir welding tool profiles on mechanical properties of dissimilar welded aluminum alloy plates

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanodaya Kiran Babu Nadikudi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Pin

PurposeThe main purpose of the present work is to study the effect of tool pin profiles on mechanical properties of welded plates made with two different aluminium alloy plates.Design/methodology/approachThe welded plates were fabricated with the three different kinds of pin profiled tools such as taper cylindrical, taper threaded cylindrical and stepped cylindrical pin profiles. Tensile properties of welded plates were evaluated using tensile testing machine at room temperature. Microstructures studies were carried out using scanning electron microscope.FindingsTensile properties were improved with the use of taper threaded cylindrical pin tool in friction stir welding process when compared with taper cylindrical and stepped cylindrical pin tools. This is due to refinement of grains and mixing of plasticized material occurred with generation of sufficient heat with the taper threaded pin tool. Through these studies, it was confirmed that friction stir welding can be used to weld Al6061 and Al2014 aluminium alloy plates.Research limitations/implicationsIn the present study, the friction stir welding is performed with constant process parameters such as tool rotational speed of 900 rpm, transverse speed of 24 mm/min and tilt angle of 1°.Practical implicationsAluminium alloys are widely using in automotive and aerospace industries due to holding a high strength to weight property. These aluminium alloy blanks can be developed with friction stir welding method with better properties.Originality/valueVery limited work had been carried out on friction stir welding of aluminium alloys of Al 6061 and Al2014 with different tool pin profiles. Furthermore, this work analyzed with tensile properties of welded plates correlated with weld zone microstructures.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite with and without Graphite Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Fibre Composites

The use of composite material in engineering field is increasing day by day. Composite materials are largely replacing conventional metals nowadays due to their mechanical behaviours. Among all composite materials carbon fibre reinforced composites are of greater interest due to their high strength. There are several new developments made in carbon fibre composites like carbon nanotubes, carbon black etc.. in order to increase the composite strength. In this research, we are going to analyse the strength of the carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composite by using graphite powder as an additive material because of its negligible weight and hardness nature. Generally, composites were prepared by hand layup process. Specifically the tensile, the flexural and the impact properties are taken into the consideration. Three different specimens are prepared and tested for the above strengths. The first specimen is carbon fibre epoxy composite without any addition of graphite powder (filler material). The second one is carbon composite with 5% addition of graphite powder as a filler material and the last specimen is of carbon fibre composite with 10% addition of graphite powder. The above mentioned strengths are calculated for each specimen with the help of a Universal Testing Machine and Impact Tester. Specimen 3 shows greater strengths whereas Specimen 1 shows least strength among all the three specimens. The inclusion of graphite powder in the carbon composite shows increase in the mechanical properties of the resulting specimens.

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