scholarly journals The Effect of Water-Soluble Stem Extract “Kayu Kuning“ (Arcangelisia flava L.Merr) On The Growth Inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Trichophyton mentagrophytes IN VITRO

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Rini Setyowati ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Setyowati E P
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Solution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
One Way Anova

<p>“Kayu kuning” (<em>Arcangelisia flava </em>L.Merr) was used when someone has a skin problem caused by <em>Candida </em>albicans<em> </em>and <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em>. Scientific based medicine on this traditional knowledge was necessary be  done. Stem powderwas extracted by  distilled water.The extract was then evaporated. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the active substance e.g., Berberin chloride by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)  The antifungal activity againts <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em>were tested by using agar diffusion and microdilution methods.  The absorbance from microdilution were analized by One way ANOVA. The conclusion showed that the extract contained 1.55±0.12% w/walkaloid calculated as Berberine chloride. The inhibition zone for <em>Candida albicans </em>and <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes </em>were 16.65±4.52 and 6.55±0.05 mm respectively. The MIC vallue for both fungi was 10 mg/mL.The MBC value for <em>Candida albicans</em> was 40 mg/mL and for <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes </em>was 50 mg/mL. From the analysis with one-way ANOVA, shows that there are significant differences between the positive control group and the test solution with the negative control group with p=0.020 for <em>Candida albicans</em> and p=0.028 for <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> (p&lt;0.050). Post hoc Tukey analysis results showed  that both inter-group and between the concentration of the test solution to the control group did not differ significantly positive because the value of p&gt;0.050.</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun ungu (EEDU) Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff terhadap aktivitas fagositosis monosit yang dipapar Candida albicans

DENTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Atik Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group

<p class="Standard"><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em>:<strong> </strong>Candidiasis is one of oral infectious disease caused by Candida albicans.The role of C. albicans as pathogen opportunistic in oral infection can affected by immune system. Phagocytosis has contributed in immune system against C. albicans infection, which is the role of monocytes. Grapthophyllum L. Griff has been proved to increase macrophage’s phagocytic activity, but the effect of violet leaves ethanol extract (EEDU) to increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans is unknown. <strong>Objectives</strong>:<strong> </strong>To determine the effect of violet leaves extract on monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans. <strong>Methods</strong>: This research was acted in vitro on human monocyte cell culture. There was 5 groups: negative control group, positive control group (incubated in Isoprinosine) and treatment groups was incubated in EEDU 2,5%, 5%, 10%. The percentage of activated monocytes was counted. <strong>Result</strong>: The result showed that incubation of EEDU 2,5%, 5% and 10% could increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity significantly (p&lt;0,05) compared to control groups. The number of monocyte’s phagocytosis on C. albicans incubated with EEDU 2,5%, 5% and 10% is 65%, 60,5%, and 58,75%. The optimal concentration of EEDU to increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity was 2,5%. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study showed that EEDU can increase monocyte’s phagocytic activity on C. albicans.</em></p><p class="Standard"><em>            </em></p><p class="Standard"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>:Ethanol extract of Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff  leaves, Monocyte’s Phagocytic Activity, Candida albicans </em></p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Mirabilis jalapa Leaf Ethanolic Extract against Streptococcus pyogenes

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Bagus Satrio Pambudi ◽  
Enny Suswati ◽  
Jauhar Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram positive bacteria that commonly cause disease in human. If not treated immediately, this bacteria can cause serious complication such as reumatic fever that causing heart valve tissue damage. Penicilin, drug of choice to eradicate S. pyogenes, oftenly cause various side effects such as anaphylaxis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mirabilis jalapa leaf ethanolic extract against S. pyogenes growth using in vitro techniques. The study design was a quasi experimental design. S. pyogenes culture as the study subject were divided into positive control group (penicilin V 100 IU), negative control group (NaCMC 0,5%), and eight treatment groups that were given with M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract as much as 0,1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, 40mg/ml, and 50 mg/ml. After 24 hours incubation periods, the inhibition zone were found in all treatment group except in concentration 0,1 mg/ml. This study showed that M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract could inhibit the growth of S. pyogenes. There was significant correlation between the concentration of M. jalapa leaf ethanolic extract and the diameter of inhibition zone (p=0,00), the higher concentration of M. jalapa leaf extract, the larger diameter of inhibition zone of S. pyogenes. Keywords: Mirabilis jalapa, leaf extract, antimicrobial activity

scholarly journals In vitro comparison of the cytotoxicity of different endodontic sealers; AH Plus, AdSeal, Endoseal MTA, and GuttaFlow Bioseal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Dastorani ◽  
Muhammad javad Aliee ◽  
Raheleh Halabian ◽  
Mostafa Solati ◽  
Mohammadsadegh Alemrajabi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Endodontic Sealers

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of four commonly used endodontic sealers namely AH Plus, AdSeal, Endoseal MTA, and GuttaFlow Bioseal against human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Methods: After culturing the HGFs, they were exposed to the respective sealers in set form and in five different weights, after sterilization. The cytotoxicity of the sealers was evaluated after 1, 3 and 7 days using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: After 24 h, all sealers showed low cytotoxicity. However, all sealers in 250 mg and 500 mg weights showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than the negative control group at 72 h, and 7 days (P<0.05) except for AdSeal in 80 mg weight (P>0.05). AH Plus was significantly more cytotoxic than other sealers at 3 and 7 days (P<0.05) while AdSeal had the closest results to the negative control group, and showed significantly higher biocompatibility than other sealers in 250 mg concentration. Conclusion: AdSeal showed the highest biocompatibility while AH Plus had the highest cytotoxicity among the tested sealers. Thus, its application may delay the healing of periapical lesions.

scholarly journals Effect of different periodontal ligament simulating materials on the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Ajita Rathi ◽  
Prateeksha Chowdhry ◽  
Mamta Kaushik ◽  
Pallavi Reddy ◽  
Roshni Roshni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Root Canal Preparation ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Group 1

Background. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation with different periodontal ligament simulating materials in vitro. Methods. Seventy freshly extracted human mandibular first premolars were selected and divided into 7 groups in terms of simulating material: group 1: polyether impression material; group 2: polyvinyl acetate adhesive; group 3: polyvinyl siloxane impression material; group 4: cyanoacrylate adhesive; group 5: epoxy resin adhesive; group 6: positive control, without any periodontal ligament simulation; and group 7: negative control, where neither a periodontal ligament simulating material was used nor canal preparation was carried out. Root canal preparation was carried out in all the groups followed by sectioning of roots at 3 mm, 6 mm and 9 mm. The sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope at ×2.5 for the presence or absence of cracks. Chi-squared test was used to compare the appearance of defective roots between the different experimental groups. Results. The least number of cracks were found in the negative control group, followed by group 1 where polyether impression material was used for periodontal ligament simulation. The difference was significant with a P-value of 0.002 for coronal sections. Conclusion. Under the limitation of the present study, polyether and polyvinyl siloxane (light body) can both be used for simulation of periodontal ligament.

Cytotoxicity and Hemolytic Properties of Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Polyetheretherketone Biocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Shen Hua Song ◽  
Zheng Zhi Wu ◽  
Li Hong Duan ◽  
Chun Bao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
L929 Cells ◽  
Hemolysis Test

In order to evaluate the cytocompatibility and hemolytic properties of n-HA/PEEK biocomposites the nanohydroxyapatite/polyetheretherketone (n-HA/PEEK) biocomposites were successfully prepared. The mechanical properties of the biocomposites were proximal to human bone, at the same time, they had the optimal value with the HA volume content of 5%. The PEEK and n-HA/PEEK biocomposites with different HA content extraction medium was prepared with fresh medium. Simple DMEM culture solution was taken as negative control group. The pure PEEK and 5vol.%, 15vol.%, 30vol.% n-HA/PEEK biocomposites were the testing group. The relative proliferation rate of L929 cells was determined on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th days with CCK-8 assay. The cytotoxicity of n-HA/PEEK biocomposites were evaluated according to ISO 10993-5: 2009. The L929 cells morphology and growth on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th days were determined under inverted microscope. The hemolysis test in vitro of n-HA/PEEK biocomposites were evaluated through measuring erythrocyte lysis and ferro-hemoglobin freeing degree with indirect contact method basing on ISO 10993-4:2009. The experimental results showed that the growth and morphology of cells in pure PEEK and n-HA/PEEK biocomposites extraction medium had no difference from negative control group. Cytotoxicity test showed that PEEK and n-HA/PEEK biocomposites did not have obvious toxicity on L929 cells, and the cytotoxicity of these extracts was in grade 0-1. Hemolysis test suggested that PEEK and n-HA/PEEK biocomposites did not have obvious hemolysis reaction, and the hemolysis rate of PEEK and n-HA/PEEK biocomposites were 2.37%, 1.71%, 1.05% and 1.32% respectively, which are less than the national standard (5%). It may be concluded that the n-HA/PEEK biocomposites did not have obvious cytotoxicity and hemolysis reaction, which demonstrated that n-HA/PEEK biocomposites had good cytocompatibility.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of Marco (Ambrosia arborescens Mill.) and Matico (Aristeguietia glutinosa Lam.) on the pathogenic fungi that cause dermatomycosis (ringworm)

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Tatiana de los Ángeles Mosquera Tayupanta ◽  
Sandra Elizabeth Ayala Valarezo ◽  
Tatiana Alexandra Vasquez Villareal ◽  
María Belén Montaluisa Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Currently, there is a trend towards using natural and ethnopharmacological species with therapeutic potential. This investigation evaluated the antifungal activity of two species in the Ecuadorian Andes, which are used in treating dermatomycosis: Ambrosia arborescens Mill. (Marco) and Aristeguietia glutinosa Lam. (Matico). Methods: We worked with seven concentrations (100 to 700ppm) of Ambrosia arborescens Mill. extract and ten concentrations (0.5 to 5%) of essential oil (EO) of Aristeguietia glutinosa Lam. on Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533, Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 28188, Microsporum canis ATCC 36299 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The methodology used was a modified version of the Kirby-Bauer method, using diffusion in agar wells. Results: The Tukey test, after the one-way Anova, determined effective concentrations of EO: 5% for Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 4.5% for Trichophyton rubrum, 5% for Microsporum canis and 2% for Candida albicans. In the extracts, the concentration of 700ppm was used for Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, and 600ppm for Microsporum canis and Candida albicans. Conclusions: The evaluation of the antifungal activity of the Ambrosia arborescens extract showed inhibition in the studied dermatophytes in each one of the planted concentrations (100 to 700ppm). The evaluation of the antifungal activity of Aristeguietia glutinosa EO showed inhibition in the studied dermatophytes in each of the planted concentrations (0.5 to 5%).

scholarly journals Potential of Cocoa Extract (Theobroma cacao) in Inhibiting Erythrocyte Damage Induced by Physalia utriculus Venom

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Adinningtyas Intansari ◽  
Al Munawir ◽  
Laksmi Indreswari
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Erythrocyte Lysis ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Physalia utriculus is one of the invertebrate marine biota that is often found in Indonesia. Some symptoms of venoming due to jellyfish stings cause pain, itching, and hemolysis. In Indonesia, 13 cases of jellyfish stings were reported in 2005-2009 with three people dying in Java, Bali, and Bangka. Cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) contain fat, carbohydrates, proteins, and polyphenol compounds that are useful as antioxidants. Polyphenols in the form of epicathechins, catechins, and procyanidins serve to provide protection to hemolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of ethanol extract of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in inhibiting the damage of erythrocyte induced by Physalia utriculus in vitro. This study used 28 samples of erythrocytes divided into seven groups, namely the normal control group, negative controls, and treatment with cocoa ethanol extract 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.04%, and 0.02%. Each subsequent group induced venom Physalia utriculus. The results showed that the average speed of erythrocyte lysis in the treatment group by giving cocoa ethanol extract 0.2%, 0.1%, 0.04%, and 0.02% respectively (seconds ± standard deviation) was 858,25 ± 94,44; 1.000,5 ± 159,93; 678,5 ± 19,71; and 1.006 ± 159,50. The mean speed of erythrocyte lysis in the negative control group was 1,025 ± 164.63 and the positive control group with the administration of N-Acetylcystein can last up to one hour after administration of venoms. Test for normality and homogeneity shows that data is normally distributed and homogeneous. One Way Annova analysis shows the significance value of p <0.05, then a post hoc analysis test was performed with the Bonferoni method to find out the differences in significance in each group. In this study it can be concluded that the administration of cocoa ethanol extract has no potential to inhibit erythrocyte damage that has been venomed by Physalia utriculus in vitro. Keywords: Physalia utriculus, cacao, erythrocyte damage

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Propionibacterium acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Eka Kumalasari ◽  
◽  
aina aina ◽  
noverda ayu checaria ◽  
noor aisyah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Propionibacterium Acne ◽  
Facial Changes

Acne that appears can cause facial changes, in the form of swelling, redness, purulence and causing pain so that it will create an impression that is less attractive in appearance and affects one's beauty. One of the causes of acne is Propionibacterium acne. Dayak onion leaves are one of the plant that contain antibacterial compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of onion leaves on the growth of Propionibacterium acne.The antibacterial activity of this plant needs to be reviewed through with extract group with various concentrations, positive control group (clindamycin 0.1%) and negative control group (Aquadest). The results showed that the ethanol extract of dayak onion leaves had antibacterial activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acne. The diameter of the inhibition zone formed at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% respectively 7.25 mm (medium), 10.43 mm (strong), 15.23 mm (strong), 18, 55 mm (strong) and 22.20 mm (very strong).

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Analysis Evaluating Apical Microleakage in Retrograde Filling using GIC, MTA and Biodentine: An in-vitro study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Nepal ◽  
Snigdha Shubham ◽  
Rupam Tripathi ◽  
Jwolan Khadka ◽  
Deepa Kunwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Retrograde Filling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Supernatant Solution

Abstract Background The present study compares the apical microleakage of three different root-end filling materials in which the retrograde cavity is prepared by two different burs. Methods Eighty extracted single rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars were taken. Root canal treatment was completed. Apical 3 mm of all the teeth were resected with diamond disk. The tooth were divided into four groups with two subgroups for each group containing 10 tooth (N= 10) as: Group IA (Negative Control and IB (Positive Control); Group IIA and IIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with GIC; Group IIIA and IIIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with MTA; Group IVA and IVB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur, filled with Biodentine. After applying two coats of nail varnish leaving apical 3 mm (except for negative control group) all teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 3 days and again in 65% nitric acid for next 3 days for extraction of dye. The obtained solution was then transferred to eppendorf tube and centrifuged in microcentrifuges at 14,000 revolution per minutes (RPM) for 5 minutes. Optical density or absorbance of the supernatant solution was measured with UV spectrophotometer at 550 nm. Results The absorbance of the supernatant solution after dye extraction is decreasing in the order of positive control> GIC> MTA> Biodentine> negative control group. The significant difference was observed between GIC and MTA (p=0.0001) and GIC and Biodentine (p=0.0001) with two different burs but statistically non-significant difference was observed between MTA and Biodentine with Carbide bur (p=0.127) and Diamond bur (p=0.496) respectively. Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that Biodentine and MTA showed less microleakage as compared to GIC. There is no significant difference between mean microleakage of MTA and Biodentine. However, the mean OD of the Biodentine was least of all evaluated materials. Preparation of the root-end using round carbide bur as well as round diamond burs showed comparable microleakage for all three filling materials.

scholarly journals Effects of Additional Use of Bioactive Glasses or a Hydroxyapatite Toothpaste on Remineralization of Artificial Lesions in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342
Author(s):  
Philipp Körner ◽  
Jana A Schleich ◽  
Daniel B. Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Florian J. Wegehaupt
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Test Group ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Initial Caries

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of two different bioactive glasses, a hydroxyapatite-containing, fluoride-free toothpaste (HTP) and a fluoride toothpaste (FTP) on the remineralization behavior of initial caries lesions. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A total of 100 bovine enamel samples were randomly allocated to five groups of 20 samples each: NC = negative control group (artificial saliva); HTP = HTP group (Karex); FTP = FTP group (Elmex caries protection, 1,400 ppm); FTP + BG<sub>nano</sub> = FTP followed by Actimins bioactive glass; FTP + BG<sub>amorph</sub> = FTP followed by Schott bioactive glass. Radiographic documentation (advanced transversal microradiography; aTMR) was applied before and after all samples were exposed to a demineralizing gel for 10 days. Over a period of 28 days, samples were covered twice a day (every 12 h) with a toothpaste slurry of the respective test group or with artificial saliva in NC for 60 s and brushed with 15 brushing strokes. Samples in FTP + BG<sub>nano</sub> and FTP + BG<sub>amorph</sub> were additionally treated with the respective bioactive glass slurry for 30 s after brushing with the FTP. In the meantime, all samples were stored in artificial saliva. After 28 days, the structure of all samples was assessed again using aTMR and compared to the values measured after demineralization. The statistical evaluation of the integrated mineral loss was performed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a post hoc Conover test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The FTP revealed the significantly highest increase of mineral content while the HTP showed the significantly lowest remineralization. Compared to artificial saliva, the use of the HTP or the combined application of FTP followed by bioactive glasses (FTP + BG<sub>nano</sub> and FTP + BG<sub>amorph</sub>) showed no significant remineralization. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Under remineralizing in vitro conditions, brushing with 1,400 ppm FTP induced significantly more remineralization compared to storage in artificial saliva. The additional administration of both bioactive glasses as well as the substitutional brushing with an HTP resulted in significantly less remineralization compared to brushing with 1,400 ppm FTP.

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