SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN PENETAPAN KADAR FENOL TOTAL PADA EKSTRAK DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus), CEMPEDAK (Artocarpus integer), dan TARAP (Artocarpus odoratissimus) ASAL DESA PENGARON KABUPATEN BANJAR

The leaves of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), cempedak (Artocarpus integer), and tarap (Artocarpus odoratissimus) are used empirically by the people of Desa Pengaron, Banjar Regency for treat antimalarials, antidiabetic, abdominal pain, and cancer. The secondary metabolites of the phenol group are responsible for various plant activities. This study aims to determine of compounds and total phenol content in leaves of jackfruit (A. heterophyllus), cempedak (A. integer), and tarap (A. odoratissimus). The leaf samples were oven-dried, then the leaf powder was extracted using ethanol. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the extract using reagents, and phenol content was determined using a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The results showed that the extracts of leaves jackfruit (A. heterophyllus), cempedak (A. integer), and tarap (A. odoratissimus) contained phenol, flavonoids, and tannins. Total phenol content of leaves A. heterophyllus, A. integer and A. odoratissimus were 13,174 ± 1,378 mgGAE / gram extract, 37,204 ± 2,202 mgGAE / gram extract, and 35,886 ± 0.890 mgGAE / gram extract.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.)Solms) DAN DAUN SINTRONG (Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore) PADA MENCIT

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs due to destruction of pancreatic ? cells characterized by blood glucose levels that exceed normal limits. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of the combination of water hyacinth leaf extract and Sintrong leaf in reducing blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced experimental animals. Water hyacinth leaf powder and Sintrong leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. A total of 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control CMC-Na 0.5%, positive control glibenclamide 0.00065 mg / g BW, water hyacinth leaf extract 17.5 mg / kg BW, Sintrong leaf extract 10.5 mg/ kg BW and a combination of water hyacinth leaf extract 17.5 mg / kg BW and sintrong leaf 10.5 mg / kg BW. The results showed that a single extract of water hyacinth and Sintrong leaves was able to reduce blood sugar levels for 7 days. The combination dose was effective in reducing blood sugar levels with a combination dose of 17.5 mg/ kg water hyacinth leaf extract in combination for 7 days.

PENGARUH KUALITAS KEFARMASIAN TERHADAP PELAYANAN DI APOTEK RSIA ANANDA TRIFA KOTA PAREPARE

Pelayanan pada dasarnya dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu tindakan ataupun cara melayani orang lain untuk memenuhi keinginannya. Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan tanggung jawab dari pemerintah, swasta ataupun masyarakat. Apotek adalah salah satu bentuk pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat. Hal utama yang perlu diperhatikan di apotek adalah meningkatkan kualitas pelanggan agar dapat bertahan, bersaing mempertahankan pasar yang ada. Oleh karena itu, apotek harus mempertahankan ataupun meingkatkan kualitasnya dengan memberikan pelayanan yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuai kualitas pelayan kefarmasian di Apotek RSIA Ananda Trifa kota parepare. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantatif, lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di Apotek RSIA Ananda Trifa kota Parepare. waktu penelitian bulan 20 Juli s/d 19 Agustus 2019 jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 Responden pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan teknik purposive sampling, instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner dengan menggunakan cara manual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Ananda Trifa Kota Parepare terhadap kepuasan konsumen termasuk dalam kategori puas, dengan persentase masing-masing sebagai berikut, realibility 71,43%, responsiveness 72,00%, assurance 61,08%, emphaty 69,94%, dan tangible 62,39%.

EVALUASI TEPAT PASIEN, TEPAT OBAT, DAN TEPAT DOSIS PENGGUNAAN ANTIPSIKOTIK PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROVINSI NTB

One of the mental disorders caused by the inability of individuals to make adjustments is schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe disorder that affects a person thinks, feels, and acts. The management of schizophrenia treatment one of which uses antipsychotics. Evaluation parameters include the right drug, right dose, right patient, and right frequency of drug use. This research is a descriptive with data collection retrospectively. Data collection was carried out by using purposive sampling method by looking at the medical record data of inpatient schizophrenia in the period of January - December 2019 as many as 87 medical records. Schizophrenia was more experienced by men (79.31%) and aged 26-35 years (56.32%). The most common type of schizophrenia is paranoid as many as 75 patients (86.21%). The most common use of antipsychotics is the typical + atypical antipsychotic combination group of 44 patients (50.57%). The evaluating the accuracy of the use of antipsychotics obtained 88.51% right of the drug; 100% right patient; 98.85% correct dosage; and 96.55%% exact frequency. The use of drugs during hospitalization is good, but evaluation and monitoring are needed because there are still inaccuracies in the drug, dosage, and frequency in the use of antipsychotic drugs.

EFEKTIVITAS CEFOTAXIME DAN CEFIXIME PADA DIARE AKUT KARENA INFEKSI DI BANGSAL ANAK RAWAT INAP DI SALAH SATU RUMAH SAKIT DI YOGAYAKARTA PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2018

Diare akut karena infeksi adalah buang air besar yang frekuensinya lebih sering dari bisanya (3 kali atau lebih per hari) dengan konsistensi tinja cair. Di Indonesia, angka kejadian diare akut masih tinggi setiap tahunnya dan masih menjadi permasalahan yang perlu diperhatikan secara serius. Cefotaxime dan cefixime adalah golongan antibiotika golongan sefalosporin yang bisa digunakan untuk kasus diare akut spesifik karena infeksi bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas penggunaan cefotaxime dibandingkan dengan cefixime di bangsal anak rawat inap di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul periode januari–desember 2018. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pengambilan data menggunakan metode retrospektif. Parameter efektifitas yang digunakan adalah lama waktu rawat inap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien diare akut karena infeksi anak paling banyak terjadi pada 57 pasien anak laki-laki (65,5%) dan 30 pasien anak perempuan (34,5%), dengan kelompok usia <1tahun (1,1%); 1-5 tahun (69,0%) dan 6-11 tahun (29,9), pasien anak yang belum sekolah 66 anak (75,9%) dan yang sedang menempuh SD 21 anak (24,1%), dan penggunaan antibiotika yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu cefotaxime 59,8%, cefixime yaitu 40,2%.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada lama rawat inap kedua antibiotik tersebut (p value >0,05).

JAMUR ENDOFITIK YANG DIISOLASI DARI BUNGA ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (SAMBILOTO) SEBAGAI SUMBER SENYAWA ANTIBAKTERI

Tumbuhan Andrographis paniculata (Sambiloto) memproduksi beragam metabolit sekunder dengan berbagai aktivitas biologi, termasuk antibakteri. Selain dari tumbuhan alami, potensi senyawa antibakteri dari tumbuhan A. paniculata dapat dieksplorasi dari jamur endofitiknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan kajian terkait potensi jamur endofitik yang berkolonisasi dalam jaringan bunga tumbuhan A. paniculata. Secara garis besar penelitian ini terdiri dari isolasi, kultivasi, ekstraksi, uji antibakteri dan uji kandungan metabolit sekunder dari jamur endofitik pada bunga tumbuhan A. paniculata. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ekstrak EtOAc jamur BS-1 yang diisolasi dari bunga tumbuhan A. paniculata menunjukkan kemampuannya dalam menginhibisi pertumbuhan semua bakteri uji pada konsentrasi 1%, 3%, dan 5%. Studi terkait senyawa yang berkontribusi dalam sifat antibakteri ini perlu dilakukan lebih lanjut. Untuk infomasi bagi kita semua bahwa penelitian terkait kajian sifat antibakteri dari jamur yang hidup pada bunga A. paniculata baru pertama kali dilakukan pada kesempatan ini.

EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN SEDIAAN FARMASI DAN BAHAN MEDIS HABIS PAKAI DI PUSKESMAS LANDASAN ULIN KOTA BANJARBARU

Pembangunan kesehatan adalah suatu upaya yang bertujuan untuk membangun kesadaran, kemauan dan kemampuan hidup bagi setiap orang agar dapat memperoleh derajat kesehatan yang setinggi tingginya. Pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan bahan medis habis pakai melalui pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas meliputi beberapa kegiatan yaitu perencanaan, pengadaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, pemusnahan dan penarikan, pengendalian dan administrasi. Tujuannya adalah untuk menjamin ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan sediaan farmasi dan bahan medis habis pakai yang efisien, efektif dan rasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observatif. Populasi dan sampel adalah seluruh data pengelolaan obat yang mencakup perencanaan, permintaan, penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, pemusnahan dan penarikan, pengendalian, dan administrasi Puskesmas Tahun 2019 dan 2020. Tempat dan waktu penelitian; tempat di Puskesmas Landasan Ulin Banjarbaru pada bulan Maret-April 2020. Data digunakan berupa lembar obsevasi dengan pengolahan data kesesuaiannya dengan SOP Kefarmasian dan Petunjuk Teknis Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas Kemenkes RI Tahun 2019 serta faktor yang mempengaruhi ketidaksesuaiannya Data dikumpulkan secara langsung menggunakan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kegiatan pengelolaan sediaan farmasi dan bahan medis habis pakai belum semuanya sesuai dengan pedoman yaitu SOP Kefarmasian di Puskesmas dan Petunjuk Teknis Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas Kemenkes RI Tahun 2019.

EVALUASI MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN OBAT TAHAP SELECTION DAN PROCUREMENT DI PUSKESMAS CEMPAKA PUTIH TAHUN 2018

In the process of drug management management, the selection stage is a very decisive initial stage in drug planning where at this stage the selection of drugs is really needed for most disease patterns, which must refer to DOEN and FORNAS. Furthermore, the planning and procurement stages are carried out. This study aims to determine the suitability of drugs available with DOEN 2017 and FORNAS TK.1 2017 and the suitability of drug requests with drugs received at Cempaka Putih Public Health Center in 2018. This type of research is descriptive research by collecting case reports. The population in this study is RKO JKN & LPLPO data based on the APBD for the period December 2017-November 2018 and JKN for the period January-December 2018. The sampling technique is using saturated sampling technique. The instrument used in this study used an observation sheet. Based on the results of the study, the results of the suitability of drugs with APBD funds refer to DOEN (45.59%), and with FORNAS (49.04%), the suitability of drugs with JKN funds with Fornas (50%) and with DOEN (55.55%), suitability of drug demand and acceptance in LPLPO APBD (44.70%), suitability of drug demand and receipt at RKO JKN (28.12%).

COMPARISON OF TREMOR RELATED ADVERSE DRUG REACTION BETWEEN INTRAVENOUS AMINOPHYLLINE AND NEBULIZED SALBUTAMOL FOR ASTHMA EXACERBATION TREATMENT

The Department of Health estimates that asthma including 10 major causes of morbidity and mortality in the hospital. Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that is becoming a serious health problem in many countries around the world. Drugs used in the treatment of asthma exacerbations is salbutamol and aminophylline. Drugs such as salbutamol and aminophylline can cause ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction) in the form of tremor with a sign involuntary shaking part of the hand. This research was conducted at the RSAL Dr. Oepomo to sample Aminofilin and in hospitals Seowandi to sample Salbutamol. The method used was quasi experimental. This study was conducted to compare the incidence of tremor in both asthma drug that is often used for the treatment of asthma such as Salbutamol and Aminofilin. The results of this study indicate there are differences in the incidence rate of ADR-related tremor between salbutamol and Aminofilin. Knowing the difference in incidence rate of tremor between aminophylline and salbutamol can assist in the selection of treatment which safer to avoid the effects of tremors that can occur from the use of of drugs asthma exacerbations.

TERAPI SULIH (SWITCH THERAPY) ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA KOMUNITI DI RSUD WANGAYA KOTA DENPASAR

Hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients are always prescribed intravenous (IV) antibiotics. Inappropriate and unnecessary IV antibiotics usage leads to an increase in healthcare costs and bacterial resistance. IV to per oral (PO) conversion therapy can overcome these problems. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics of inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This retrospective observational study was conducted by taking patient medical record from january until december 2019. Outcomes of the study are patient characteristics, pattern use, antibiotic and type conversion therapy. Adult inpatients on conversion therapy were eligible for study enrollment. Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS 17.0. The study showed that among 78 patients who were eligible for conversion therapy. Most of the patient has mean duration conversion therapy 48-72 hours as much as 55 (70,5%). Beta-lactams were the most commonly converted antibiotics. However, the step-down therapy was the major type of conversion practiced in this study as much as 48 (61,5) followed by sequential and switch over with numbers 21 (27%) and 9 (11,5%) respectively. Based on the study findings wangaya hospital should improve the practice of sequential therapy in order to reduce the burden of CAP.