scholarly journals The Technique Analysis of CO2 in Troposphere using AIRS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Nunung Isnaini Dwi Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Currently global warming has become an international issue. One of the biggest contributors to global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2). CO2 gas is one of the most prominent gases of greenhouse gases or greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and has an important role in the Earth's climate. Increased CO2 contributes more than 50% to the effects of global warming. Various methods and measuring instruments of CO2 concentration developed from optical sensors to measuring CO2 directly from space using satellites. Atmosphere Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is one of NASA's six (6) instances launched on May 4, 2002 installed on the AQUA satellite. This instrument uses sounding technology that determines the vertical profile of CO2 from space. This instrument supports climate-related research and also in improving weather forecasts. AIRS data can be obtained online from the Giovanni Website at http://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov. Giovani is an application provided by NASA to make it easier to acquire, visualize, and analyze remote sensing data with ASCII data facilities that can be downloaded directly. The purpose of this research is to conduct CO2 analysis in Indonesia online using Giovanni Website year 2013-2016. Rendering data online shows the CO2 fluctuated every month, but yearly data shows the CO2 increased signifantly and the higest value in 2016, its reach 4.039 ppm. The results of CO2 analysis is expected to assist in the process of prevention or reduction of CO2 emissions in the air as one of the activities of environmental conservation.

scholarly journals The hypothesis about the influence of electrical phenomena on geological processes and global disasters

2020 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Plugin ◽  
Andrii Plugin ◽  
Oleksii Pluhin ◽  
Dmytro Plugin ◽  
Olga Borziak
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
New Science ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Abnormal Increase ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Global Warming is officially recognized as one of the aspects to the Earth’s climate change; and its major factor is a sharp anthropogenic increase in concentration of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2). However many scientists do not agree with this view and do not consider the anthropogenic factor as its basic reason, thus regarding measures for limiting greenhouse gas emissions as useless. The authors believe that a real reason is lack of unequivocal ideas in the framework of the Earth Science. The objective of the research presented in the article is to establish true reasons for global catastrophes, global warming, their rapid increase of recent decades, and their hazard level, as well as to reveal their nature and actual mechanisms. The authors critically analyzed and compared the existing data on global processes and catastrophes on Earth from ancient times to nowadays, revealed their actual mechanisms on the basis of Submicroand Macrocolloid Chemistry and Physical-Chemical Mechanics of Earth, a new science on Earth set up by the authors. The authors demonstrated that the motive power of all global phenomena and processes on Earth is the electric force, conditioned by the surplus negative electric charge of Earth, and the reason of the approaching global catastrophe is an abnormal increase of the charge in recent decades. The article deals with critical analysis of experimental data on dynamics of global catastrophes, among them the change in Earth’s temperature and level of ocean, a greater amount of carbon gas and atmosphere dust.

scholarly journals MAKING LEARNING MEDIA FOR GREENBOX EFFECT SIMULATOR TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Noer Sarifah Ainy ◽  
Nestiyanto Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The earth is experiencing global warming due to an increase in air temperature (greenhouse effect). This is due to the large number of greenhouse gases produced by human activities. In addition, it is also due to the reduced number of plants that absorb greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. This condition causes the study of the greenhouse effect to become an object studied by students at school. Understanding the greenhouse effect is somewhat difficult if only understood in theory. Increasing understanding can be done by making practicum learning media. This study aims to create learning media for the Greenbox Effect Simulator to help understand the concept of the greenhouse effect. The research was conducted using control variables and independent variables (use of plants and without plants). The plants used are Caisim, Sri Gading and Anggrek. The presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gases can be detected by three things, namely changes in the color of the CO2 indicator, changes in temperature, and visibility of the box. The color of the CO2 indicator shows green and green yellow for Box B (with plants) which means the concentration of CO2 in normal conditions. Whereas Box C (without plants) gives a yellow color, which means that the concentration of CO2 is at high conditions. The presence of carbon dioxide gas from combustion will increase the temperature by 1.4 - 1.9 oC in Box C (without plants) and 0.7 - 1.5 oC in Box B (use of plants). The visibility of Box B shows a higher brightness level than Box C. The best plants that can absorb CO2 concentrations are orchids. The ability of orchids to absorb CO2 is assisted by their roots which also function to carry out photosynthesis. The existence of plants functions to absorb CO2 quite well when viewed from changes in temperature, color indicators and visibility.

scholarly journals Global warming and greenhouse gases

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragoljub Belic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Orbital Parameters ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Earth’S Climate

Global warming or Climate change refers to long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and other elements of the Earth's climate system. Natural processes such as solar-irradiance variations, variations in the Earth's orbital parameters, and volcanic activity can produce variations in climate. The climate system can also be influenced by changes in the concentration of various gases in the atmosphere, which affect the Earth's absorption of radiation.

The Impact of Inorganic Trace Gases on Ozone in the Atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack G. Calvert ◽  
John J. Orlando ◽  
William R. Stockwell ◽  
Timothy J. Wallington
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tropospheric Chemistry ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Organic Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

A major focus of the previous six chapters has been on the chemistry and interactions of the HOx, NOx, and volatile organic compound (VOC) families. Details of the reactions of O3 NO3, and HO that act to initiate VOC oxidation have been presented, as has the ensuing chemistry involving organic peroxy and alkoxy radicals and their interactions with NOx. In this chapter, we complete our discussion of thermal chemical reactions that impact tropospheric ozone. The chapter begins with a discussion of the budgets of two simple (inorganic) carbon-containing species not yet discussed, carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). Although CO2 is not directly involved in ozone-related tropospheric chemistry, it is of course the species most critical to discussions of global climate change, and thus a very brief overview of its concentrations, sources, and sinks is presented. CO is a ubiquitous global pollutant, and its reaction with HO is an essential part of the tropospheric background chemistry. This is followed by a presentation of the tropospheric chemistry of halogen species, beginning with a discussion of inorganic halogen cycles that impact (in particular) the ozone chemistry of the marine boundary layer (MBL) and concluding with a detailed presentation of the reactions of Cl atoms and Br atoms with VOC species. The chapter concludes with an overview of tropospheric sulfur chemistry. The reactions leading to the oxidation of inorganic (SO2 and SO3) as well as organic sulfur compounds (e.g., DMS, CH3SCH3) are detailed, and a brief discussion of the effects of the oxidation of sulfur species on aerosol production in the troposphere and stratosphere is also given. The abundance of CO2 in the atmosphere has obviously received a great deal of attention in recent decades due to the influence of this gas on Earth’s climate system. Indeed, changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration represent the single largest contributor to changes in radiative forcing since preindustrial times (c. 1750). The atmospheric burden of CO2 is controlled by the processes that make up the global carbon cycle—the exchanges of carbon (mostly in the form of CO2) between various “reservoirs,” including the atmosphere, land (vegetation and soil), the surface ocean, the intermediate and deep ocean, sediment on the ocean floor, and the fossil fuel reservoir (IPCC, 2007).

scholarly journals Utilization of Remote Sensing Technology for Carbon Offset Identification in Malaysian Forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdan Omar ◽  
Thirupathi Rao Narayanamoorthy ◽  
Norsheilla Mohd Johan Chuah ◽  
Nur Atikah Abu Bakar ◽  
Muhamad Afizzul Misman
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Carbon Offset ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Rapid growth of Malaysia’s economy recently is often associated with various environmental disturbances, which have been contributing to depletion of forest resources and thus climate change. The need for more spaces for numerous land developments has made the existing forests suffer from deforestation. This chapter presents an overview and demonstrates how remote sensing data is used to map and quantify changes of tropical forests in Malaysia. The analysis dealt with image processing that produce seamless mosaics of optical satellite data over Malaysia, within 15 years period, with 5-year intervals. The challenges were about the production of cloud-free images over a tropical country that always covered by clouds. These datasets were used to identify eligible areas for carbon offset in land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector in Malaysia. Altogether 580 scenes of Landsat imagery were processed to complete the observation period and came out with a seamless, wall to wall images over Malaysia from year 2005 to 2020. Forests have been identified from the image classification and then classified into three major types, which are dry-inland forest, peat swamp and mangroves. Post-classification change detection technique was used to determine areas that have been undergoing conversions from forests to other land uses. Forest areas were found to have declined from about 19.3 Mil. ha (in 2005) to 18.2 Mil. ha in year 2020. Causes of deforestation have been identified and the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) that has been emitted due to the deforestation activity has been determined in this study. The total deforested area between years 2005 and 2020 was at 1,087,030 ha with rate of deforestation of about 72,469 ha yr.−1 (or 0.37% yr.−1). This has contributed to the total CO2 emission of 689.26 Mil. Mg CO2, with an annual rate of 45.95 Mil. Mg CO2 yr.−1. The study found that the use of a series satellite images from optical sensors are the most appropriate sensors to be used for monitoring of deforestation over the Malaysia region, although cloud covers are the major issue for optical imagery datasets.

scholarly journals MITIGASI EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Jatmiko Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Business As Usual

ENGLISHClimate change becomes one of the most intensely critical issues over the last decade until today. Eventhough greenhouse gases (GHG) occur naturally in the atmosphere, anthropogenic is mainly responsible for increasing the greenhouse gases emission causing global warming/climate change. Actually, these gases play important roles for regulating the temperature of earth and earth atmosphere so that suitable for living things. Carbon dioxide (CO2) occupies more than half (76.7%) of the total GHG emission and energy supply becomes the most contributor of GHG emissions among other sectors. Climate change could lead to many environmental problems i.e., drought, floods, rising sea level, shifting weather pattern, greater variability of rainfall etc. For archipelagic country like Indonesia, the resulting sea level rise would give impact on inundation of coastal areas and increased loss of coastal habitats and ecosystem. The mitigation of GHG emissions is an option to reduce the intesity of global warming. As a part of global community, The government of Indonesia has a commitment to reduce the country’s GHG emissions by 26% with national resources or up to 41% with international support from a business-as-usual baseline by 2020. INDONESIAPemanasan global menjadi salah satu isu terpenting pada abad terakhir ini. Walaupun secara alami telah ada di atmosfer bumi, aktivitas manusia diyakini memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) penyebab pemanasan global. Karbondioksida berkontribusi sebesar 76,7% dari total emisi GRK dan sektor penyediaan energi merupakan sektor yang menghasilkan emisi GRK terbesar dibandingkan sektor-sektor lain. Perubahan iklim menyebabkan terjadinya kekeringan, banjir, kenaikan muka air laut, perubahan cuaca, ketidakmenentuan pola curah hujan dan lain-lain. Bagi negara kepulauan seperti Indonesia, kenaikan muka air laut akan menyebabkan tenggelamnya kawasan pesisir dan meningkatkan hilangnya habitat dan ekosistem kawasan pesisir. Mitigasi emisi gas rumah kaca merupakan salah satu opsi untuk mengurangi semakin meningkatnya pemanasan global. Sebagai dukungan terhadap upaya dunia untuk mengurangi emisi GRK, Pemerintah Indonesia berkomitmen untuk menurunkan emisi GRK sebesar 26% dengan usaha sendiri dan 41% dengan bantuan internasional pada tahun 2020 dari kondisi tanpa adanya rencana aksi.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

Anrechnung der CO2-Senken des Schweizer Waldes: Grundlagenpapier und Empfehlungen | Accounting of CO2 sinks in Swiss forests. Working paper and recommendations

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 438-441
Author(s):  
Arbeitsgruppe Wald- und ◽  
Holzwirtschaft im Klimaschutz
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Working Paper ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

With the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gases, Switzerland is committed to reducing CO2emissions by 4.2 million tonnes by 2008. The forests in Switzerland could contribute to the country's national carbon balance with maximum 1.8 million tonnes reduction of CO2. With an increased use of the forest the emissions could be reduced by up to 2 million tonnes by the substitution of other materials. With a targeted forest management policy carbon sink reduction and the substitution value of the forest could be balanced against one another. In the framework of climate policy the Federal government should create the legal and organisational conditions for this.

scholarly journals The Synergistic Effect of PM2.5 and CO2 Concentrations on Occupant Satisfaction and Work Productivity in a Meeting Room

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4109
Author(s):  
Jindong Wu ◽  
Jiantao Weng ◽  
Bing Xia ◽  
Yujie Zhao ◽  
Qiuji Song
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Meeting Room ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Occupant Satisfaction ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

High indoor air quality is crucial for the health of human beings. The purpose of this work is to analyze the synergistic effect of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on occupant satisfaction and work productivity. This study carried out a real-scale experiments in a meeting room with exposures of up to one hour. Indoor environment parameters, including air temperature, relative humidity, illuminance, and noise level, were controlled at a reasonable level. Twenty-nine young participants were participated in the experiments. Four mental tasks were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the work productivity of occupants and a questionnaire was used to access participants’ satisfaction. The Spearman correlation analysis and two-way analysis of variance were applied. It was found that the overall performance declined by 1% for every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration. Moreover, for every 10% increase in dissatisfaction with air quality, productivity performance decreased by 1.1% or more. It should be noted that a high CO2 concentration (800 ppm) has a stronger negative effect on occupant satisfaction towards air quality than PM2.5 concentration in a non-ventilated room. In order to obtain optimal occupant satisfaction and work productivity, low concentrations of PM2.5 (<50 μg/m3) and CO2 (<700 ppm) are recommended.

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