Electrochemical Studies of Some Carbazole Derivatives via Cyclic Voltammetry and Convolution – deconvolution Transforms

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Asiri ◽  
Salman A. Khan ◽  
Ibrahim S. El-Hallag ◽  
Ibrahim S. [email protected]
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Tetraethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetric Study ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Sequential Electron

Three carbazole chromophores derivatives featuring dicyno, cyano, ethyl acetate and dimethyl acetate groups as an acceptor moiety with a ? – conjugated spacer and N-methyl dibenzo[b]pyrole as donor were investigated electrochemically at a platinum electrode in 0.1 mol/L tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl) in acetonitrile solvent via cyclic voltammetry, convolution – deconvolution transforms and digital simulation techniques. Cyclic voltammetric study revealed that the presence of a single reversible oxidative peak due to two sequential electron transfer (EE scheme) and unidirectional reductive peak which proceed as ECEC mechanism. The electrode reaction pathway, the relevant chemical and electrochemical parameters of the investigated carbazole chromophores were determined using cyclic voltammetry, convolution- deconvolution transforms and chronoamperograms. The extracted electrochemical parameters and the nature of the electrode reaction were verified & confirmed via digital simulation method.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Properties of Charge Transfer Complexes of 4,4’-bipyridine with Benzoquinone Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 017-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Al-Owais ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag ◽  
L. M. Al-Harbi ◽  
E. H. El-Mossalamy ◽  
H. A. Qari
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters

The electrochemical characteristics of charge transfer complex of 4,4’-bipyridine with benzoquinone derivative have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry and digital simulation methods. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed at a platinum working electrode. The electrode reaction pathway, the relevant chemical and electrochemical parameters of theinvestigated complex were determined using cyclic voltammetry, convolution - deconvolution transforms. The extracted electrochemical parameters and the nature of the electrode reaction were verified & confirmed via digital simulation method.

scholarly journals Voltammetric Studies of Anthracen-9-ylmethylene-(3,4-dimethyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-amine Compound at Platinium Electrode

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Al-Owais ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Radical Cation ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Voltammetric Behavior ◽  
Voltammetric Studies

The voltammetric behavior of anthracen-9-ylmethylene-(3,4-dimethyl-isoxazol-5-yl)-amine compound at Platinium electrode has been performed via convolutive cyclic voltammetry and digital simulation techniques using a conventional platinium electrode in 0.1 mol L-1 tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) in acetonitrile solvent (CH3CN). The compound loss one electron forming radical cation followed by fast chemical step and the radical cation loss another two electrons producing trication which followed by chemical reaction (ECEC). Cyclic voltammetry and convolutive voltammetry were used for determination of the chemical and the electrochemical parameters of the electrode reaction pathway of the investigated compound. The Electrochemical parameters such as α, ks, Eo , D, and kc of the investigated isoxazol derivative were verified via digital simulation technique. Voltammetric studies of the investigated isoxazol derivative compound under consideration was presented and discussed.

Electrochemical studies of N,N-bis pyrazinyl ­ 3,4,9,10 - perylenebis (dicarboximide) (PyPD ) on Pt electrode

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. El-Mossalamy ◽  
A. Y. Obaid ◽  
S. A. El-Daly ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag ◽  
A. M. Asiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Electrochemical Studies ◽  
Tetrabutylammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Pt Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters

The electrochemical studies of N, N – bis(pyrazinyl) – 3, 4, 9, 10 – perylene bis (dicarboximide) (PyPD) dye has been carried out on Pt electrode using cyclic voltammetry and convolution deconvolution voltammetry combined with digital simulation technique at a platinum electrode in 0.1 mol L-1 tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) in acetonitrile solvent (CH3CN). The compound under consideration was reduced via consumption of two sequential electrons to form radical anion and dianion (EE mechanism). The electrode reaction pathway and the electrochemical parameters of the investigated compound were determined using cyclic voltammetry and convolution – deconvolution transforms. The extracted electrochemical parameters were verified and confirmed via digital simulation method.

Electrochemical Properties of 4-[(Anthracen -9-ylmethylene)-amino]-1, 5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one at a Platinum Electrode in Acetonitrile Solvent

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Asiri ◽  
Ibrahim S. El-Hallag ◽  
Ibrahim S. El-Hallag ◽  
A.O. Al-Youbi ◽  
Khalid A. Alamry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Simulation Technique ◽  
Fast Chemical

The electrochemical properties of 4-[(anthracen -9-ylmethylene)-amino]-1, 5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one have been carried out using cyclic voltammetry and convolution - deconvolution voltammetry combined with digital simulation technique at a platinum electrode in 0.1 mol/L tetraethyl ammonium chloride (TEACl) in solvent acetonitrile (CH3CN). In switching the potential to positive scan, the compound was oxidized by loss of one electron forming radical cataion followed by fast chemical step and the radical cation loss another two electrons producing trication which followed by chemical reaction (ECEEC). The investigated compound was reduced via consumption of two consecutive electrons to form radical anion followed by fast chemical step and the radical anion gain another electron to form dianion followed by chemical step (ECEC mechanism). The electrode reaction pathway and the chemical and electrochemical parameters of the investigated compound were determined using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The Electrochemical data such as a, ks, Eo , D, and kc of the investigated pyrazole derivative were evaluated expeimentally and verified via digital simulation technique Electrochemical behaviour of the pyrazole compound under consideration was presented and discussed.

Investigation of The Electrode Pathway of Quinoline Azo Dye Compound via Convolutive Voltammetry and Digital Simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 091-095 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al-Owais ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Reduction Wave ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Dependent

The electrochemical behavior and the electrode reaction of quinolone azo dye compound was investigated using convolutive cyclic voltammetry at mercury electrode in 50% (v/v) ethanolic Britton-Robinson solutions of pH 2.5 – 12.0. Four electrons slow reduction wave was consumed in acidic and alkaline solutions corresponding to the reduction of the more easily N = N center. A second more cathodic irreversible , pH – dependent, 2-electron wave represents the reduction of quinolone ring. Cyclic voltammetry and convolution transforms were used to determine the kinetic parameters of the electroactive species.The extracted electrochemical parameters were confirmed via digital simulation.Controlled potential coulometry technique was used for calculation the overall number of electrons involved in electrode reaction.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Investigation of Some Pharmaceutical Compounds at Mercury Electrode

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2851-2858
Author(s):  
A. A. Al-Owais ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Aqueous Buffer ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters

The present work aims to report the investigation of the electrochemical behavior of 3- arylazomethine-1,2,4-triazole derivatives in universal aqueous buffer series at mercury electrode. The electrode behavior of the studied compounds was performed via voltammetric studies, chronoamperometry, convoluted transforms, and dp polarography techniques. The relevant chemical and electrochemical parameters of 3- aryl azomethine -1,2,4- triazole derivatives were determined experimentally in universal aqueous buffer series as supporting electrolyte at mercury electrode. CPC was used for determination of the number of electrons to elucidate the mechanistic pathway of electrode reaction of aryl azomethine triazole compounds. Digital simulation method was used to confirm the accuracy of the experimental chemical parameters (homogeneous chemical rate constant) and electrochemical parameters (heterogeneous rate constant, symmetry coefficient and redox potential) via matching between the experimental and theoretical cyclic voltammograms.

Investigation the Electrochemical Behavior of 5-(4-Dimethylamino-benylidene)-1,3-diethyl-2-thioxodihydro-pyrimidine-4,6-dione using Semi-integration of Current

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 053-057
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Ghanem ◽  
Ibrahim S. El-Hallag ◽  
Prabhakarn Arunachalam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetric ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetric Study ◽  
Voltammetric Study ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters

The electrochemical behavior of 5-(4-Dimethylamino-benylidene)-1,3-diethyl-2-thioxo-dihydro-pyrimidine-4,6-dione at a plat-inum electrode was studied by semi-integration, semi differentiation of current, and digital simulation methods in 0.1 mol/L tetra-ethylammonium perchlorate (TEACl) in acetonitrile solvent. Cyclic voltammetric study revealed that the presence of three oxidative peaks due to the presence of two electron transfer coupled by chemical reaction (EC) and followed by electron transfer (E) step then EC, i.e., the overall process is ECEEC scheme. On going to negative potential there are two unidirectional reductive peaks associated with the oxida-tive peaks. The elucidation of the electrode behavior, the electrochemical and chemical data of the compound under investigation was de-termined using sweep voltammetry, semi integration & semi differentiation of current. The calculated electrochemical parameters and the nature of the electrode reaction were established & confirmed via generation of the theoretical cyclic voltammograms.

scholarly journals Current calculation of irreversible electrode reaction mechanismsin linear sweep voltammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Mocák ◽  
Estera Rábarová
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Infinite Series ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Potential Region ◽  
Current Function ◽  
Simulation Techniques

Application of exponential infinite series gives highly accurate analytical solution contributing to the theory of linear sweep voltammetry for single scan experiments. We have calculated theoretical dimensionless current function (usually denoted as π1/2χ(bt)) at relevant potentials for irreversible charge transfer without a coupled chemical reaction. For this purpose several transformation techniques were used, which convert the derived infinite series into summable sequences. Since infinite series of further electrochemical mechanisms with irreversible electrode reaction have similar features (particularly those comprising preceding and catalytic chemical reaction), the same approach can be successfully applied also for further electrochemical mechanisms. The respective infinite series are divergent in the most important potential region at and after voltammetric peak therefore their transformation by Epsilon and Levin transform techniques was used. Necessary arbitrary precision arithmetic (APA) was implemented by UBASIC. The results were compared to the customary solution of Nicholson and Shain, who computed the current-potential curves by means of numerical solution of the integral equations but with a much lower precision. Our results were obtained in a broad potential range including the potential regions where the series are divergent. Obtained current functions are precise to 12 valid decimal numbers, which is utilizable for evaluation of the results achieved by various faster but less precise digital simulation techniques.

Electrochemical Dissolution of Goethite by Abrasive Stripping Voltammetry

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 950-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Grygar ◽  
Jan Šubrt ◽  
Jaroslav Boháček
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Reductive Dissolution ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Spectroscopic Examination

Abrasive stripping voltammetry was applied to the investigation of the reductive dissolution of some iron(III) oxides and hydroxy-oxides, particularly goethite (α-FeOOH), in acid media. The electrode reaction directly involves the solid phase, and the reaction pathway depends on the phase composition and particle shape. This can be used for a qualitative and quantitative characterization of goethite. The results of a quantitative analysis of a mixture of goethite (α-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) are compared with those of IR and Moessbauer spectroscopic examination. The effects of the particle appearance (shape, crystal intergrowth) on the results of the voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements are discussed.

Multisensory Virtual Reality for delivering training content to machinery operators

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Monica Bordegoni ◽  
Marina Carulli ◽  
Elena Spadoni
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
University Laboratory

Abstract The issue of training operators in the use of machinery is topical in the industrial field and in many other contexts, such as university laboratories. Training is about learning how to use machinery properly and safely. Beyond the possibility of studying manuals to learn how to use a machine, operators typically learn through on-the-job training. Indeed, learning by doing is in general more effective, tasks done practically are remembered more easily, and the training is more motivating and less tiresome. On the other hand, this training method has several negative factors. In particular, safety may be a major issue in some training situations. An approach that may contribute overcoming negative factors is using Virtual Reality and digital simulation techniques for operators training. The research work presented in this paper concerns the development of a multisensory Virtual Reality application for training operators to properly use machinery and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The context selected for the study is a university laboratory hosting manufacturing machinery. The application allows user to navigate the laboratory, to approach a machine and learn about how to operate it, and also to use proper PPE while operating a machine. Specifically, the paper describes the design and implementation of the application and presents the results of preliminary testing sessions.

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