scholarly journals Growth and Characterization of Electroplated NiO Coatings

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
B. Bharathi ◽  
S. Thanikaikarasan ◽  
Pratap Kollu ◽  
P. V. Chandrasekar ◽  
T. Mahalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potentiostatic Electrodeposition ◽  
Direct Band ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Deposited Films

Thin films of NiO have been prepared using potentiostatic electrodeposition technique from an aqueous electrolytic bath containing NiSO4. Deposited films have been characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis by x-rays. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the prepared films possess polycrystalline nature with face centered cubic structure. Surface morphology and film composition showed that films with better stoichiometry and smooth surface are obtained at optimized growth condition. Optical absorption analysis showed that the prepared films possess direct band gap value around 3.46 eV.

Electrochemical Deposition and Characterization of Cd-Fe-Se Thin Films

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thanikaikarasan ◽  
T. Mahalingam ◽  
K. Sundaram ◽  
Tae Kyu Kim ◽  
Yong Deak Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Selenide ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Cadmium Iron Selenide ◽  
Deposited Films

Cadmium iron selenide (Cd-Fe-Se) thin films were deposited onto tin oxide (SnO2) coated conducting glass substrates from an aqueous electrolytic bath containing CdSO4, FeSO4 and SeO2 by potentiostatic electrodeposition. The deposition potentials of Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe), Selenium (Se) and Cadmium-Iron-Selenide (Cd-Fe-Se) were determined from linear cathodic polarization curves. The deposited films were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive analysis by x-rays (EDX) and optical absorption techniques, respectively. X-ray diffraction patterns shows that the deposited films are found to be hexagonal structure with preferential orientation along (100) plane. The effect of FeSO4 concentration on structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of the films are studied and discussed in detail.

Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt-Nickel Nanowires Formed under External Magnetic Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Donnabelle L. Balela ◽  
Lalaine M. Dulin ◽  
Erica A. Garcia ◽  
M. Janelle H. Tica
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Nickel Nanowires ◽  
Face Centered

Cobalt-nickel (Co-Ni) nanowires were formed by electroless deposition in ethylene glycol under external magnetic field. The effects of initial Co (II) and Ni (II) concentration on the surface and morphology of the synthesized nanowires were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively. An increase in the Co (II) concentration resulted in increase in diameter of the nanowires. However, the length of nanowires was observed to decrease. Higher Co (II) concentration resulted in a mixture of hexagonal close-packed and face-centered cubic Co-Ni nanowires. X-ray diffraction revealed that crystal growth occurred when the nanowires are annealed at 653 K for 10h.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline CeO2

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 1103-1108
Author(s):  
Abdul Hadi ◽  
Iskandar Idris Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Nanocrystalline CeO2 has been synthesized at room temperature using water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsion technique. The structure and properties of the nanocrystalline CeO2 were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and gas adsorption desorption measurement. XRD results showed the synthesized CeO2 has a face centered cubic structure with crystallite size of about 5.2 nm. TEM observation also indicated the presence of nanometer sized particles of CeO2. Coarser particles were also observed due to agglomeration. Gas adsorption desorption isotherms showed the behavior of fine particles with mesoporous structure.

scholarly journals Electrochemical and Morphological Investigations of Ga Addition to Pt Electrocatalyst Supported on Carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giordano T. Paganoto ◽  
Deise M. Santos ◽  
Tereza C. S. Evangelista ◽  
Marco C. C. Guimarães ◽  
Maria Tereza W. D. Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Precursor Method ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Face Centered

This paper is consisted in the synthesis of platinum-based electrocatalysts supported on carbon (Vulcan XC-72) and investigation of the addition of gallium in their physicochemical and electrochemical properties toward ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). PtGa/C electrocatalysts were prepared through thermal decomposition of polymeric precursor method at a temperature of 350°C. Six different compositions were homemade: Pt50Ga50/C, Pt60Ga40/C, Pt70Ga30/C, Pt80Ga20/C, Pt90Ga10/C, and Pt100/C. These electrocatalysts were electrochemically characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), chronopotentiometry (CP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the presence and absence of ethanol 1.0 mol L−1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were also carried out for a physicochemical characterization of those materials. XRD results showed the main peaks of face-centered cubic Pt. The particle sizes obtained from XRD and TEM analysis range from 7.2 nm to 12.9 nm. The CV results indicate behavior typical of Pt-based electrocatalysts in acid medium. The CV, EIS, and CA data reveal that the addition of up to 31% of gallium to the Pt highly improves catalytic activity on EOR response when compared to Pt100/C.

scholarly journals Evolution of Face-Centered Cubic Ti Alloys Transformation by X-ray Diffraction Profile Analysis in Mechanical Alloying

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Edgar Pio ◽  
Ariosto Medina ◽  
Carola Martínez ◽  
Felipe Manuel Castro Cerda ◽  
Claudio Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Profile ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Face Centered

Four titanium alloys (Ti-Ta, Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Ta-Mn, and Ti-Nb-Sn) were synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA) in a planetary mill in different times between 2 h and 100 h. The microstructure characterization was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in which the Rietveld method was applied to analyze the diffraction patterns. The study demonstrated that after short milling times between 2 h and 30 h, the fraction of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase decreases; at the same time, the formation of body-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Ti phases are promoted. Additionally, after 30 h of MA, the full transformation of hcp-Ti was observed, and the bcc-Ti to fcc-Ti phase transformation took place until 50 h. The results suggest that the addition of Ta and Sn promotes the fcc-Ti phase formation, obtaining 100% of this phase at 50 h onwards, whereas Nb and Mn show the opposite effect.

scholarly journals Cation Distribution in Natural Chromites from Oman

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Z. Al-Alawi ◽  
A.M. Gismelseed ◽  
A.A. Yousif ◽  
M.A. Worthing ◽  
H.H. Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Atomic Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Mössbauer Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Two specimens or natural chromite from the Oman ophiolite were studied using Mossbauer Spectroscopy (MS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD). and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The diffraction patterns obtained at room temperature showed that the two specimens have a face-centered cubic spinal structure. Their Mossbauer spectra at 295 K. 160 K and 78 K have been fitted to three doublets. assigned to two Fe 2+ at the tetrahedral (A1+,A2) sites and one Fe1+ at the octahedral (B) site. The ferrous-ferric ratio obtained from the Mossbauer analysis together with the atomic concentration derived from the microprobe data are used to derive the chemical formulae for the two specimens. The data also supports also supports  a model of ordered caution distribution in the specimens examined.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanowires

2013 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
Subbaiyan Sugapriya ◽  
Rangarajalu Sriram ◽  
Sriram Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Fcc Structure

ABSTRACT Silver nanowires have been synthesized by polyol process with ethylene glycol as solvent and PVP as capping agent. The silver nanowires have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. The prepared silver nanowires were found to exhibit face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. The diameter of the prepared silver nanowires have been found to lie in the range of 60 - 80 nm and the length of the wires have been observed to be in the range of 10-20 µm. The I-V characteristics have been carried out to study the conducting behavior of the prepared silver nanowires.

Electron diffraction detection of ordliking in annealed PbTe thin film

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1019
Author(s):  
Karimat El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Lead Telluride ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polycrystalline Thin Films ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Face Centered

Lead telluride is an important semiconductor of many applications. Many Investigators showed that there are anamolous descripancies in most of the electrophysical properties of PbTe polycrystalline thin films on annealing. X-Ray and electron diffraction studies are being undertaken in the present work in order to explain the cause of this anamolous behaviour.Figures 1-3 show the electron diffraction of the unheated, heated in air at 100°C and heated in air at 250°C respectively of a 300°A polycrystalline PbTe thin film. It can be seen that Fig. 1 is a typical [100] projection of a face centered cubic with unmixed (hkl) indices. Fig. 2 shows the appearance of faint superlattice reflections having mixed (hkl) indices. Fig. 3 shows the disappearance of thf superlattice reflections and the appearance of polycrystalline PbO phase superimposed on the [l00] PbTe diffraction patterns. The mechanism of this three stage process can be explained on structural basis as follows :

Stacking Faults in a High Nitrogen Face-Centered-Cubic Phase Formed on Nitrogen-Modified Austenitic Stainless Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 318-321
Author(s):  
J. Liang ◽  
M.K. Lei
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Peak Asymmetry ◽  
Face Centered

Effects of stacking faults in a high nitrogen face-centered-cubic phase (γΝ) formed on plasma source ion nitrided 1Cr18Ni9Ti (18-8 type) austenitic stainless steel on peak shift and peak asymmetry of x-ray diffraction were investigated based on Warren’s theory and Wagner’s method, respectively. The peak shift from peak position of the γΝ phase is ascribed to the deformation faults density α, while the peak asymmetry of the γΝ phase is characterized by deviation of the center of gravity of a peak from the peak maximum (Δ C.G.) due to the twin faults density β. The calculated peak positions of x-ray diffraction patterns are consistent with that measured for plasma source ion nitrided 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.

scholarly journals Perbaikan Kelarutan Albendazol Melalui Pembentukan Kristal Multikomponen dengan Asam Malat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Fikri Alatas ◽  
Fahmi Abdul Azizsidiq ◽  
Titta Hartyana Sutarna ◽  
Hestyari Ratih ◽  
Sundani Nurono Soewandhi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Solubility Curve ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ethanol Mixture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Phase Solubility Curve

An effort to improve the solubility of albendazole (ABZ), an anthelmintic drug has been successfully carried out through the formation of multicomponent crystal with dl-malic acid (MAL). Construction of phase solubility curve of ABZ in MAL solution and crystal morphological observations after recrystallization in the acetone-ethanol (9:1) mixture were performed for initial prediction of multicomponent crystal formation. ABZ-MAL multicomponent crystal was prepared by wet grinding or also known as solvent-drop grinding (SDG) with acetone-ethanol (9:1) mixture as a solvent followed by characterization of the multicomponent crystal formation by powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods. The solubility of ABZ-MAL multicomponent crystal was tested in water at ambient temperature and in pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8 of buffered solutions at 37°C. The phase solubility curve of the ABZ in the MAL solution showed type Bs. The ABZ-MAL mixture has a different crystalline morphology than pure ABZ and MAL after recrystallization in the acetone-ethanol mixture (9:1). The powder X-ray diffraction pattern and the FTIR spectrum of ABZ-MAL from SDG different from intact ABZ and MAL powder X-ray diffraction patterns and these results can indicate the ABZ-MAL multicomponent crystal formation. The ABZ-MAL multicomponent crystal has better solubility than pure ABZ in all media used. These results can be concluded that ABZ-MAL multicomponent crystal can be prepared by solvent-drop grinding method with acetone-ethanol (9:1) mixture as a solvent and can increase the solubility of albendazole.

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