DESIGN AND PROJECT PLANNING OF THE RENOVATION OF A RAILWAY LINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelie Outtier ◽  
Bart De Pauw ◽  
Hans De Backer
Keyword(s):  
Project Planning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Pretensioned Concrete

The railway line L50A is one of the most important lines in Belgium, connecting the capital Brussels with Ghent. The line originally consisted out of two tracks. Because this formed a constricting bottleneck for the entire railway network in Belgium, the existing capacity was expanded. Between 2008 and 2015 a third and fourth track was constructed, one on each side of the original 2 tracks. Now that the expansion works have ended, the 2 original tracks have to be refurbished. The necessary works include: renewal of ballast and rails, changing all wooden sleepers by pretensioned concrete ones, strengthening of the subgrade and renewal and improvement of the waterproofing layers at the bridges and viaducts. This article focuses on the first 10 kilometers of the trajectory, including 10 locations where the waterproofing has to be renewed. At each location, the existing ballast, sleepers and tracks have to be removed for the middle two tracks, so a new polyethylene-waterproofing layer can be installed. Afterwards the tracks have to be restored. All of this has to be performed while the 2 outer tracks remain in operation and without disturbing the electrification cables above the tracks. Because of this, the project will necessitate a combination of creative planning, use of modified and small-scale equipment and a judicious use of night-time labor. All of these items will be discussed in the article.

scholarly journals HYBRID GRIDS ANALYSIS WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY AND THERMAL ENERGY FOR STREET LIGHT -A CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-254
Author(s):  
Rajeev Ranjan ◽  
Mahesh kr Nagar ◽  
M.Nithin Choudary ◽  
M.K. Paswan ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Dc System ◽  
Planning And Design

This paper presents a techno-economic assessment for a unique Isolated Hybrid Power System (IHPS) design which could be used for remote areas isolated from the grid which also has the capability of being operated as a smart the hybrid energy system considering solar and wind energy sources for the purpose of street lighting. Solar-Wind Street light is an intelligent, small scale, and off grid LED lighting system. The modelling design and simulations were based on Simulations conducted using the Data collected and HOMER Energy Planning and Design software tools. Its components are solar panel, wind generator system (PVC blowers), Dynamo, LDRs, battery, LED light, charge controller. The energy stored in battery during day time due to solar panel, get extracted by LEDs during the night time (because LDRs get activated due to absence of sun light). Wind also charges the batteries due to wind which is used for glowing street light. The advantage of this idea is to avoid daily running cost and make the system purely off-grid. In this prototype, we have used 12V DC system to supply energy to the lights.

Innovative Suspended Superstructure for the Retrofitting of a Steel Truss Railway Bridge

2018 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 1121-1128
Author(s):  
Marco Mezzi ◽  
Gianluca Nestovito ◽  
Paolo Petrella ◽  
Vincenzo Cefaliello
Keyword(s):  
National Standard ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Fluvial Erosion ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Load Models ◽  
Emilia Earthquake ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Railway System ◽  
2012 Emilia Earthquake ◽  
Suspended Bridge

The bridge in Poggio Renatico crossing the Reno river on the railway line between Bologna and Ferrara, consists of steel decks supported by masonry abutments and piers, while foundations and pier caps are made of reinforced concrete. After the 2012 Emilia Earthquake and accounting for the fluvial erosion below the piers foundations, a structural assessment of the bridge was carried out in accordance with to the current Italian rules. Although a sufficient structure capacity against the actual transit loads resulted, the bridge showed some inadequacies with respect to the load models provided by both the national standard for constructions and the guidelines of the Italian railway network company. The retrofitting project consists of an improvement of the structural capacity of all the elements: girders, piers and abutments. An innovative retrofitting solution provides for the strengthening of the existing decks through a suspension system of cables anchored to steel towers standing on both abutments and piers and creating a kind of suspended bridge. The retrofitting is compatible with the normal scheduled interruptions of the rail traffic thereby reducing the maintenance costs of the railway system. The structural solution represents a model easily replicable to solve analogous situations along the railway network.

scholarly journals Method for Determining the Valid Travel Route of Railways Based on Generalised Cost under the Syncretic Railway Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Tian ◽  
Guofeng Sun ◽  
Dingjun Chen ◽  
Zhicheng Qiu ◽  
Yawen Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Cost Calculation ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Line Planning ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Passenger Travel ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Generalised Cost

Travel route options for passengers can provide data support for railway line planning, passenger flow organisation, and train operation establishment. A critical review of the literature indicates that previous studies mainly focused on choices offered by a single railway network path without much consideration of China’s normal-speed and high-speed integrated railway network and the effect of train timetable on passengers’ travel choice. In this study, a method based on generalised cost is proposed to discover the valid routes of passenger travel in the integrated network of China’s normal-speed and high-speed railways. After quantifying the effects of train fare, travel time, transfer, travel convenience, comfort, and other factors on the generalised expenses of passengers, this study presents a generalised cost determination method when individuals select an option from different seats of different trains of specific railway transport products. Theoretically, the valid routes considering the train schedule is defined, and a valid route search algorithm is designed using the deep traversal idea in a new valid route searching network. Considering the Lanzhou-Beijing passenger travel routes as an example, this study verifies the practicability of the generalised cost calculation method, as well as that of the valid routes search method.

scholarly journals Operational criteria in the justification of electrification of railway lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Andrzej Massel
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Stock ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Single Track ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Post War ◽  
Operational Criteria ◽  
Double Track

The process of electrification of the Polish railways took place from 1936 till early 1990s. Despite the political constraints of the post-war times, the decisions on electrification of particular sections of the railway network were usually based on economic factors. In 1970s and 1980s so called electrification thresholds were used to justify the need for electrification of railway line in question. They took into the number of tracks (single-track lines, double-track lines), terrain conditions (flat terrain, upland terrain) and the traffic structure (the share of passenger traffic) into account. In the framework of National Railway Program till 2023 (KPK) the realization of electrification projects have been undertaken again. The present paper deals with importance of the operational criteria in the decision-making concerning justification of electrification of railway lines. These criteria include the shortening of the journey times on particular sections, shortening of stops on the stations with the change of the type of traction, the savings of train operating companies resulting from the traction unification (change of demand for rolling stock and for workshops for its servicing), improvement of reliability and punctuality of services.

Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Titiwangsa Lake Water Quality Using Chemometrics Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.14) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Hafizan Juahir ◽  
Adiana Ghazali ◽  
Azimah Ismail ◽  
Mahadzirah Mohamad ◽  
Firdaus Mohamad Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Time Period

Titiwangsa Lake is a renowned recreational lake in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The present study was purposely to define the current status of Titiwangsa Lake water quality and propose a water quality monitoring program to conserve and sustain the health of this lake. Samples were collected in January 2017 during the day and night-time periods. Spatial classification using hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) has clustered the sampling stations into low, medium and high contaminated areas. Temporal classification of discriminant analysis (DA) forward stepwise mode has highlighted DO, chlorophyll-a and E-coli are the significant variables. They showed a lower range of data during the day-time period compared to night-time period. DA backward stepwise model showed  significant variables of total suspended solid (TSS) and total phosphate (TP) were higher in concentration during the day-time period as compared to night-time period. The significant of varimax factors (VFs) in the principal component analysis (PCA) might contribute by the landscaping, small-scale domestic wastewater, urban stormwater and land erosion. In a nutshell, based on HACA classification, samples can be collected at only three stations represent each cluster during the next water quality monitoring activities as this could reduce the time and cost of sampling and sample analysis. 

scholarly journals Ford-Fulkerson algorithm refinement for the cooperation effectiveness increase of intensive and low-density lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032008
Author(s):  
K E Kovalev ◽  
A V Novichikhin
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Graph ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Minimum Cut ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Oriented Graphs ◽  
Clear View ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
As Graph

Abstract The article describes tools of the railway control on intensive and low-density lines which is directed on the effectiveness increase of low-density line functioning, for the solution of perspective tasks of the railway network functioning and development. For the too realization the oriented graph with the Ford-Fulkerson algorithm which allows determining the maximum flow and the minimum cut for non-oriented graphs. Firstly as values of graph tops inverse values of the station rating and as graph edges inverse values of the railway line class are accepted. The use of this approach allows determining the maximum flow in the system and provides the clear view of relations of transportation capacities of railway lines and stations.

scholarly journals Proposed Models to Calculate and Optimize Line Capacity under Different Operation Conditions for Egyptian Railway Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Diana M.S. Rahoma ◽  
Ali Z. Heikal ◽  
Haytham N. Zohny ◽  
Akram S. Kotb
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Models ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Railway Infrastructure

The capacity evaluation models are planning tools that help government agencies to maximize the benefit from existing railway infrastructure and improve rail transportation operations. These models determine the maximum number of trains that could operate on a given railway infrastructure, during a specific time interval under operational conditions. This paper develops analytical models to calculate the railway line capacity using a regression analysis based on the Egyptian official timetable. The Egyptian railway network consists of 104 links under different operation conditions (passenger / freight, passenger and freight trains) with mechanical or electrical signals systems running on single or double tracks. To calculate railway practical capacity, the three equations for each operation conditions were improved by the combination of the longest block section and passenger and freight speed. These equations have accepted value of the coefficient of determination and the absolute average error. Finally the maximum capacity is obtained by the optimum values of effective factors using iteration technique. This optimum values will increased about 80% of the capacity for Egyptian network lines.

scholarly journals THE TERAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF RAILWAY ALONG THE ENTITY BORDER OF FEDERATION BIH - MAGLAJ, SECTION km 103+500 - MAGLAJ

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neđo Đurić ◽  
Alisa Babajić ◽  
Dijana Đurić ◽  
Dado Srkalović ◽  
Milan Perišić
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Map Scale ◽  
The Sava River

The railway Samac - Sarajevo was built in the fifties of the twentieth century, as a significant part ofthe railway that connects the central part of the former Yugoslavia with the Sava River. Later, in theseventies another track of Doboj and Zenica was built what was the most important by that time. Ingeneral the railway is situated on the corridor V, which links the Adriatic Sea via Sarajevo and Budapest.Over time, the tracks are worn, damaged and speed has been reduced to about 40 km/hour.As part of the revitalization of the railway network in the former Yugoslavia, the reconstruction of theSamac - Adriatic Sea began, which is divided by sections. One of these sectionsis the section km 103+ 500 - Maglaj, a more demanding one compared to previous section from Samac to the now namedsection. The point is that the terrain along the route of the railway needs to be viewed from the aspectof geologi cal features, then the characteristics of the embankment so the geotechnical conditions forthe revitalization of the railway line for speeds of 120 km/hour can be provided.Conducted field investigations along the route of the railway, as well as laboratory tests on samplesprovided enough data in the corridor route, while the wider area could not be perceived because of themine field. However, the previous studies for the purposes of the General Geological Map, scale 1:100 000, and field observations along the route line gave a satisfactory level of data for assessment ofgeological and engineering geological characteristics of the terrain.

Global New Product Development Strategies and I.T. Applications

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Balbontin ◽  
Baback Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
New Product ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Distributed Teams ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Collaborative Ventures ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Business Sectors

Abstract This report presents the results of the 1998 Global New Product Development Survey, carried-out by the Warwick Manufacturing Group at the University of Warwick (UK). The survey is based on a questionnaire addressed to 637 firms with turnover greater than £ 30 million ($ 45 million), operating in the UK across key industrial sectors and engaged in New Product Development (NPD). Response rate was of 8%. Global NPD practices include product standardization, the strategy used to allocate NPD centers (related to business units and geographically), the level of centralization of tasks, the level of NPD outsourcing, the use of external collaboration and the use of Information Technology (IT) applications to support the NPD process. It was found that firms with products designed for global markets have about an 8 times greater potential to export than those firms who only standardize core components. Firms that collaborate more with external entities implement universal products more easily. Based on the “pretax profit in the last four years of business activity”, the respondent firms with losses have an average of 7 business sectors, whereas the top ten profitable firms have an average of only 4 business sectors, this relationship also applies to NPD activities. It was found that firms manage the collaborative ventures through either team members or team leaders and that top management involvement is only on a small scale. IT communication tools (e-mail and video-conferencing), followed by administration tools (project-planning and presentation software) are the main priorities in firms with widely distributed teams.

Delay Tolerant Network Protocols in a Railway Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Eugene Tikhonov ◽  
Donat Schneps-Schneppe ◽  
Dmitry Namiot
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Network Protocols ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Network System ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Delay Tolerant

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the effectiveness of the DTN (delay tolerant network) system in a communication network on a railway line. Trains act as moving objects that are sending and receiving messages to/from an external network. Trains may also transmit telemetry collected during movement. The article presents data on the effectiveness of the DTN network with various protocols in terms of reducing the delay in the message and telemetry delivery and in increasing the total number of delivered messages in the railway scenario. An analysis of railway lines with various loads and different coverage of mobile networks was made. These models are based on real railway maps and train schedules. The effectiveness of DTN during migration to networks of a higher data rate (5G) and networks with satellite connection of trains is discussed.

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