Geostrategic Features of Interaction between Kazakhstan and Iran in the Regional and World Aspect: Analysis and Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2133
Author(s):  
Akmaral U. TYULYUBAYEVA ◽  
Madina M. ABISHEVA ◽  
Aikerim A. TURUNTAYEVA ◽  
Saltanat T. JAKUBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
International Level ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation

Kazakhstan and the Islamic Republic of Iran are two states that have common sea borders through the Caspian Sea, two friendly neighbors, successfully developing both bilateral cooperation and cooperation at the regional and international level. The relevance of this study is that today it is advisable to study the foreign policy of not only world powers, but also ‘non-knowing’ countries in order to determine the scenario for the development of relations between the two countries. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the geostrategic features of the interaction of Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and global aspects. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the analysis method, which allowed to study the history of relations between Kazakhstan and Iran at different stages. This article attempts to determine the geostrategic features of the interaction between Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and world aspect analyze and evaluate their bilateral relations.  

Organ Transplantation as a Form of Realization of the Right to Life: A Constitutional and Legal Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 951
Author(s):  
Diana Shamilyevna PIRBUDAGOVA ◽  
Sabina Mukhtarovna VELIYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Right

Kazakhstan and the Islamic Republic of Iran are two states that have common sea borders through the Caspian Sea, two friendly neighbors, successfully developing both bilateral cooperation and cooperation at the regional and international level. The relevance of this study is that today it is advisable to study the foreign policy of not only world powers, but also ‘non-knowing’ countries in order to determine the scenario for the development of relations between the two countries. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the geostrategic features of the interaction of Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and global aspects. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the analysis method, which allowed to study the history of relations between Kazakhstan and Iran at different stages. This article attempts to determine the geostrategic features of the interaction between Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and world aspect analyze and evaluate their bilateral relations.  

The Soviet-Iranian Treaty of 1921: History and Modernity (to the Centenary of Conclusion)

2021 ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Zaven A. Arabadzhyan
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Property Transfer ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Almost All

After a century since the Soviet-Iranian Treaty was signed in 1921 authors of the article consider its significance from a new viewpoint – as the backing of the sovereignty of Iran and Russia that supported development of their relations. Authors examine the way it complied with the interests of Russia and Iran, and its impact on the bilateral relations in the 20th century. The signing of the Treaty secured the sovereignty of Iran, served as the base for the development of equal relations between the two neighboring states and opened up Iran for relations with foreign states. For the Russia, this document was a step towards breaking its diplomatic isolation. The authors emphasize that Russia had granted almost all its property to Iran which contributed to the improvement of the financial situation in Iran and served as a base for the development of mutually beneficial economic relations between the two countries. The authors mention that the property transfer clause was connected with the security of the Soviet Russia. This fact was reflected in the Article 6 of the Treaty. The Treaty set up the basement for the legal status of the Caspian Sea as a closed sea in the states' joint usage. The Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea, signed in 2018, to some extent retained the special regime of the sea and reflected the spirit of the Treaty of 1921. Although in IRI there are different views about the Treaty some experts consider that it generally complied with Iran's national interests.

scholarly journals Legal Status Of The Caspian Sea: History And Present

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardak Kapyshev
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Near Future

At  the  present  stage  one  of  the  unsolved   problems in  interstate relations of  Caspian bordering countries is defining international­legal status of the Caspian Sea. It is noted in the article that this problem is not a new one at all. The history of “division” of the Caspian Sea begins in the ancient age, namely in VIII century. It is underlined that the basic stumbling block  is the position of Iran on the right to use the Caspian Sea, and also occurrence of extra regional players, such as  the USA, China, etc. First of  all, it is connected with rich oil fields and other minerals, and also with convenient geopolitical and geostrategic position. The only way to worry out the international­legal delimitation of the Caspian Sea problem is a negotiating process. By now, despite of  certain disagreements on  legal status of  the Caspian Sea, five Caspian bordering countries managed to achieve certain progress, admitting the possibility of applying the principle of sectorial sectioning on the Caspian Sea.  Clear proof  of  it is the agreements on  division of ground on the northern part of Caspian Sea signed between Kazakhstan, Russia and Azerbaijan. It is important that Kazakhstan, Russia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan clearly stated their positions and agreed to make a compromise in their official statements. More than likely, in the near future Iran will soften its position, considering its present  situation and   strained relations with the USA. It has been alleged that the constructive  dialog  already  started; everything depends on  the mobility,  concurrency and rationality of actions of all Caspian bordering countries.

Policy of Religious Media in Iran: Interactive, Dynamic and Convergent System of Religious Communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-255
Author(s):  
Nasser Bahonar
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Religious Literature ◽  
Religious Media ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Islamic Belief ◽  
First Time ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
Communications System ◽  
Interactive Dynamic

AbstractThe presenting of religion has been indebted to traditional media for centuries. The presence of mass media, especially Radio and Television, in the twentieth century makes it possible to transfer messages to large groups of addressees. This important situation has caused groups and official religious organizations, from eighty years ago, to take great measures in this respect by using electronic media. During the pre-history of Islam and afterward, Iran has always been challenged with crises of the legitimating of communication. The penetration of the Islamic belief among people is caused by traditional Islamic communication, and the legitimacy of Islamic leaders also assigns a legitimacy for the modern media. Whereas governments in the history of Iran have never had a religious and politic legitimacy among people so the communications system of Iran has been abandoned from media convergence. The Islamic Republic of Iran is experiencing a convergence in traditional and modern communications for the first time. Lack of scientific research and a shortage of religious literature in broadcasting make for continual disorder in the process of policy-making for the planning of the religious medium. In this article the writer benefits from the result of two researches conducted in Iran, in the field of religious media, and analyses the content of religious programmes of television followed by the presentation of a theoretic view in making for a desired religious media policy in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Sadeghi ◽  
Gholamreza Mirsepassi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The Islamic Republic of Iran is located in the Middle East between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf. Iran's total land area is 1 648 000 km2. Its total population in 2003 was about 68 920 000 (UNICEF, 2003). The population growth rate is 1.41%. Of the total population, 60.4% live in urban and 39.6% in rural areas (Yasamy et al, 2001).

scholarly journals Review of Discourse Components of Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Reza Abedi Gonabad ◽  
Ebrahim Fayaz ◽  
Ahmad Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Political Islam ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Data Description ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
And Function

With the victory of the Islamic Revolution, some shift in paradigm or the shift of discourse is observed in Iran. Islamic Republic System of Iran that was replaced instead of Pahlavi Regime took different discourse, behavior and function practically in addition to domestic policy at the level of foreign policy at the level of the Middle East or West of Asia and North of Africa and this approach was definitely different from the past. The discourse had a central indication of jurisprudential political Islam as the social and political protest against national Iranian radical otherness, western quasi-modernism, secularism and militarism of Pahlavism Discourse, which was created by the friction and dialectic between dominant discourses of similarity to west and discourses different from the west. In this study, 4 components and indices of anti-arrogance Islamism, monist Shiism (establishment of the Islamic Ummah), independence and anti-order orientation based on supporting Axis of Resistance against Axis of Compromise are explained as discourse components of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East. The data analysis method in this study is mainly based on qualitative methods. Moreover, this study has used data description and analysis using documentary references and methods and through referring to the library and internet.

The Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea: The Final Answer or an Interim Solution to the Caspian Question?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-263
Author(s):  
Elena Karataeva
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
New Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Final Answer

Abstract This article analyses new developments in the question of the Caspian Sea legal status, namely the signing of the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea on 12 August 2018 in Kazakhstan, after twenty-six years in the making. First, the article provides an overview of the history of the Caspian Sea ownership and examines the legal status question from the collapse of the USSR to the present day. Then, the text of the newly signed Convention is examined to determine whether it provides the final answers to the issues of the legal status and delimitation of the sea. It is contended that despite this seminal breakthrough, the convention does not provide a complete solution. Specifically, while it establishes Caspian Sea zones and their limits, it fails to clarify some key contentious aspects, including delimitation principles between the opposite and adjacent Caspian States, which remain to be determined bilaterally.

scholarly journals Underwater monuments of Absheron and the role of Khazar (Kaspia) in determining age Baku

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
K. F. Ibrgaimov
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Water Basin ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

The alternation of transgressions and regressions of the Caspian Sea led to the fact that these tracks were alternately found on the seabed, then on land. And, of course, these traces of the past must be looked for at those depths that at times became dry land. The identification of these monuments provides valuable material on the history of the peoples who inhabited this water basin, reflecting the life of the sea for many millennia and centuries, and sunken ships and their rigging allow shedding light on the issues of ancient navigation in the Caspian.

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