scholarly journals SUPERVISION OF KPPU ON THE ACTION OF MERGERS DONE BY MINING COMPANIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-123
Author(s):  
Preeti Kartika Putri ◽  
Paramita Prananingtyas
Keyword(s):  
Limited Liability ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Relevant Market ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
Legal Provisions

Mining companies conduct mergers to ensure and strengthen their position in their relevant market. Mining company mergers that aren’t supervised can result in monopoly and unfair business practices. The issue discussed is the supervision of mergers for mining companies by KPPU. This is a normative juridical research through a statutory and conceptual approach. The result indicates that mining companies are subject to legal provisions of limited liability company and competition law.There is no regulations regarding mergers in Indonesian mining law.Supervision of said mergers by KPPU can be carried out by voluntary consultation or by obligatory post merger notification. The scope of KPPU's supervision also includes mining companies’ compliances in case of notification. Delay of such notification will be examined by KPPU and subsequently fined if proven to have committed violation. However, post merger notification is only adopted by only a few countries for it is considered no longer guarantee legal certainty.

scholarly journals Kepastian Hukum Jumlah Modal Dasar Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Setelah Berlakunya PP Perubahan Modal Dasar Perseroan Terbatas

Acta Comitas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Putra Pratama ◽  
I Made Dedy Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Basic Capital ◽  
Before And After

Research on legal certainty the amount of basic capital establishment of limited liability company based on the norms of conflict between article 32 paragraph (1) of the limted liability company law concerning "the limited liability company capital of at least Rp 50,000,000.00" with article 1 paragraph (3) of government regulations The limited liability of the company's capital of limited liability concerning "the founding capital of the company is determined by agreement”. 2 problem are formulated: (1) What is the form for deposit of stock capital on the provisions of article 33 of the limited liability company law, (2) How is the legal certainty of the number of basic capital of the limited liability After the validity of government regulation change of the limited liability company. This purpose research is finding form of the deposit of stock capital and the basic capital of the limited liability company before and after enforcement of government regulation of limited liability of the company. The legal research method used normative legal research method with statute approach and conceptual approach. Capital deposits of shares can be made in the form of money and other forms of immovable tangible objects such as land and intangible objects in the form of bill of Rights; and arrangements regarding the underlying capital applicable in the establishment of the limited liability company is Article 1 paragraph (3) of government regulation of the limited liability of the company.

scholarly journals Regulation of Foreigner Stay Permit as Director of Limited Liability Company and Investor in Foreign Investment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Tri Sutjiati ◽  
Ida Ayu Sadnyini
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Worker ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Ideal Framework

Based to Article 10 Paragraph (1) on Regulation Ministry of Manpower Number 10 Year 2018 Concerning Procedure of Employ Foreign Worker says that employer of the foreign worker is not required to possess any EPP (working permit) to employ foreign workers who are shareholders with the position of the board of directors or board of commissioners, as it is stated before on Article 10 Paragraph (1) Presidential Decree No. 20 Year 2018 Concerning Foreign Worker. Nevertheless, the facility for investors to possess stay permits in Indonesia which is mentioned in Article 22 Paragraph (3), Regulation of Ministry of Justice and Human Rights Number 51 Year 2016 Concerning Change of Regulation Number 24 Year 2016 Concerning Technical Procedures for Application and Issuance of Visit Visas and Limited Stay Visas, says that the investor prohibited working. This study aims to investigate the procedure and the regulations that govern temporary stay permits of directors and foreign investors in Indonesia. The method used in this study is normative legal research and meanwhile, statute approach and conceptual approach are used as the approach of this study. The results of this study showed that 1) higher norms govern action, as to create lower norms, governs realization of action. Presidential Decree has a higher position in the hierarchy from Ministry Regulations. 2) ideal framework of statutory regulations shall consist of a balance portion of justice, legal certainty and finality.  

scholarly journals PROGRESIFITAS HUKUM PENGEMBALIAN DEVIDEN SAHAM INTERIM PERSEROAN TERBATAS PADA UUPT NO.40 TAHUN 2007

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bella Mutiara Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Dividend Distribution ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Annual Book

AbstractProgressive law must place the law in a very close position with the law's community or stakeholders. This position is called responsive, progressive law and is always associated with stakeholders' reality and needs to create justice and happiness as law aspired itself. Also, progressive law emphasizes social integration to overcome public moral insularity.Starting from the viewpoint of progressive law, the author looks at the laws and regulations that discuss the return of interim dividends as stated in the Limited Liability Company Law No. 40 of 2007, article 72, article 72 states that companies allow rules related to dividend distribution in a temporary (interim) way. The article is then interpreted as that if the company has positive profits, the company is allowed to distribute dividends before the company closes the book at the end of the year, provided that the board of directors officially announces the distribution with the approval of the GMS that the positive profits obtained by the company before closing the book will come as dividends interim. As a result, the company competes to distribute interim dividends to increase and show its credibility to investors. It was recorded on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) that in September 2020, 73 companies distributed interim dividends.However, article 72 paragraph 5 of the Limited Liability Company Law No. 40 of 2007 explains that if after the company distributes interim dividends to shareholders and at the end of the closing of the annual book the company suffers a loss, the shareholders must return the dividends they have received. If the shareholder does not return it, the directors and commissioners are jointly responsible for covering the company's losses.This viewpoint is the basis for finding the location of the value and form of legal progressivity regarding the mechanism of interim share dividends in limited liability companies as stated in UUPT No.40 of 2007 Article 72 using a normative research method with a conceptual approach. 

scholarly journals Limited Liability Companies in the Slovak and European Legal Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 256-268
Author(s):  
Lenka Vačoková
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
European Area ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
Limited Company ◽  
The Future

Abstract This paper analyses provisions of a Limited Liability Company under the Slovak Commercial Code, mainly conditions governing the process of foundation and incorporation of the company and the structure of company bodies. Legal provisions of the Limited Liability Company are primarily compared with Private Limited Company by Shares established according the Companies Act 2006 and secondarily with proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on single-member Private Limited Liability Companies. The result of the research is a comparison of the Slovak and the British legislation and an effort to predict the future development of Private Limited Liability Companies in the European area.

scholarly journals THE LEGAL ENTITY OF BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) AS A MICRO FINANCIAL INSTITUTION IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Moh Syaifur Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Status

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal status and accountability of Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) as a financial institution in Indonesia, because so far BMT has two main functions,  the first, Baitul Maal as a non-profit institution that distributes zakat, infaq and alms, and the second, Baitul Tamwil is an institution whose function is to collect and to distribute commercial funds. This research uses normative research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the legal status of BMTs so far can only be established with the status of a cooperative or limited liability company. It refers to the characteristics possessed by BMT itself. The form of BMT accountability follows the form of liability that exists in the form of a BMT legal entity, if the loss is caused by the management or organs, the management or organs are jointly and severally responsible, but otherwise if the management or organs can prove then the management or organs are not jointly responsible for the losses incurred by BMT.

scholarly journals Ujawnienie aktualnego sposobu reprezentacji spółki z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością a odpowiedzialność za naruszenie zobowiązania

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Tomasz Pilikowski
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
National Court ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Satisfactory Manner

Disclosure of the current method of representation of a limited liability company and liability for breach of the undertakingThe existence and participation of legal persons in the market makes it necessary to verify the persons representing them to perform actions on their behalf. Information about artificial persons — including the rules of representation and persons entitled to represent them — is available due to their disclosure in the National Court Register. However, it may happen that for whatever reason the register’s information may not correspond to the actual legal status. The provisions of the National Court Register Act provide for the possibility of such a situation, but the normative regulation does not settle all controversies in a satisfactory manner. The article tries to answer the question how the legal person can demonstrate the rightfulness of its representation when the composition of the relevant bodies does not coincide with the composition disclosed in the National Court Register. In the current legal situation, the problem is opened whether and how the legal person can demonstrate the correctness of the representation when the composition of the relevant bodies does not coincide with the composition disclosed in the National Court Register. The consequence of this problem is the issue of the assessment of liability for improper performance of the undertaking, if as a result of the said discrepancy, the obligation will be breached e.g. as a result of the failure to conclude a preliminary contract within the prescribed period.The author tries to solve these problems and settle the controversies arising, referring to the views of his own thoughts and views of doctrine and jurisprudence. The position presented in the article is the result of an analysis of the applicable legal provisions, especially the National Court Register Act, and the jurisprudence and doctrine resulting from it.

scholarly journals Tanggung Jawab Direksi atas Terjadinya Pailit Perseroan Terbatas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Antonius Faebuadodo Gea ◽  
Hirsanuddin Hirsanuddin ◽  
Djumardin Djumardin
Keyword(s):  
Limited Liability ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Separate System ◽  
Accountability Mechanism ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Consequences

This research was conducted to find out how the directors' accountability mechanism caused by an error or negligence caused the limited company to go bankrupt and how the legal consequences on the bankruptcy of a limited liability company. This type of research was classified as a normative legal research or also called doctrinal research, namely research that examined the law as a separate system that was separate from various other systems in society so as to provide a boundary between the legal system with other systems. The approach method used was the statutory approach; and Conceptual Approach. In principle, the Board of Directors was not personally responsible for acts committed for and on behalf of the company based on its authority. The scope of conduct that would be personally accounted for by the directors of the company was negligence because the directors did not fulfill the contents of the agreement and mistakes because the directors commit acts against the law. Bankruptcy of a Limited Liability Company was the bankruptcy of itself, not the bankruptcy of its management, even though the bankruptcy was due to the negligence of its management. So that management should not be held liable jointly for any losses due to negligence and could only be held accountable if the company's assets were not sufficient to cover losses due to bankruptcy Article 90 paragraph (2) of the Limited Liability Company Law).

scholarly journals PENCATATAN PERUBAHAN DIREKSI DI KEMENTERIAN TERKAIT SEBAGAI DASAR PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KEWENANGAN DIREKSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Maleakhi W. Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Company

Research on the recording of changes to directors in the relevant Ministry, namely the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, aims to examine whether the authorized Directors in a company are Directors registered at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. In addition, it is also to examine whether the provisions of Law no. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies and / or the Company's Articles of Association is sufficient to resolve disputes of authority in the event of a dispute regarding the composition and number of directors in a company, which one has the right to act against other parties. Disputes regarding the composition and authority of the Board of Directors in a limited liability company often become disputes in court, even though Indonesia's positive legal provisions have provided clear and firm rules about who the Board of Directors can represent in and out of court. Based on research, it can be seen that the starting point is from the provisions in Law No. 40 of 2007 Articles 29 and 98, changes in the members of the board of directors can only be effective for third parties, as from the date the changes are recorded in the Company Register by the Minister of Law and Human Rights in accordance with Law No. 40 of 2007 Articles 29 and 98.

scholarly journals PENGATURAN KOMPETENSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Putri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Core Competency ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Good Corporate Governance

The objective of the research is to reveal the Competence of Independent Commissioners in realizing Good Corporate Governance. The research method used is normative juridical research method with conceptual approach, legislation and case approach. The result of the research shows that the Independent Competence of Independent Commissioners in achieving Good Corporate Governance means that the regulation of the competence and integrity requirements of independent commissioners in Good Corporate Governance, especially the competency requirements are regulated in Limited Liability Company Law and Capital Market Law which regulates core business competence and core competency behavior. Meanwhile, the integrity of an independent commissioner is regulated in a code of conduct that an independent commissioner must adhere to. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaturan Kompetensi Komisaris Independen dalam mewujudkan Good Corporate Governance. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan-pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaturan Kompetensi Komisaris Independen dalam mewujudkan Good Corporate Governance dimaksudkan bahwa pengaturan syarat kompetensi dan integritas komisaris independen dalam Good Corporate Governance khususnya syarat kompetensi diatur dalam Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas dan Undang-Undang Pasar Modal yang mengatur mengenai kompetensi inti bisnis dan kompetensi inti perilaku. Sementara itu, untuk integritas komisaris independen diatur dalam code of conduct (pedoman perilaku) yang harus dipatuhi oleh komisaris independen.

The Newly Sole Proprietorship as Limited Liability Company in Recent Indonesian Company Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Januarita
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Sole Proprietorship ◽  
Legal Uncertainty ◽  
Legal Mechanism

The recent Omnibus Law provides significant changing in the company legal order since the issuance of Government Regulation No. 8 of 2021. Under this GR, the sole proprietorship became a limited liability company. However, the liability construction of this newly born has not been regulated clearly and firmly and creates legal uncertainty. The purpose of this article is, first, to determine the appropriate liabilities of SPLLC (Sole Proprietorship as Limited Liability Company) and its founder, and second, to review and develop the legal mechanism for government to provide legal certainty. The study uses the normative juridical method with descriptive-analytical specifications. The study found that the absence of regulation on liability creates ambiguity and legal uncertainty on the appropriate liability for the new form of company. Finally, the study concludes that the appropriate liability of SPLLC and its founders should be determined firmly. Furthermore, three models of liability construction of the business owner are offered, including SPLLC with unlimited liability, SPLLC with limited liability, and SPLLC with certain liability.

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