scholarly journals Disfungsionalitas Humanitarianisme: Ekspektasi Kehadiran Resiprositas dalam Isu Vaksinasi Pengungsi dan Pencari Suaka di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-221
Author(s):  
Alexander Yudho Pratama ◽  
Debora Debora ◽  
Samuel Elisa ◽  
Tristan Noa Araisya ◽  
Akbar Yudha Susila
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
State Actors ◽  
And Behavior

This paper analyzes the humanitarian act dysfunction in Indonesia, particularly emphasizing the disparity of refugee vaccination as a form of ignorance towards moral obligation. We argue that the presence of reciprocity expectation for Indonesia’s effort to vaccinate said group of people caused dysfunctionality. We approach the issue humanitarianly using the concept of global justice to explain the relevance of dysfunctionality and vaccine disparity for refugees as well as the moral obligation within the intermestic dimension. In line with the previously stated notion, the intermestic approach is also used as a catalyst for the re-observation of refugee accommodation strategy within the context of COVID-19 pandemic countermeasures. Indonesia’s neglect caused by the country’s reluctance becomes more understandable considering the small potential for politicization of these refugee vaccination efforts. Therefore, emphasizing on the rationalism of profit and loss aspect, the reciprocity motive is proven as vital reference through the attention given to the significance of actor’s roles and behavior, including state actors.

The effect of employer’s moral obligation violation on survivor’s commitment

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Uen ◽  
Shu-Yuan Chen ◽  
Hsien-Chun Chen ◽  
Chih-Tang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
Overall Justice ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Justice Climate

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cross-level relationship between moral obligation violation, overall justice climate, and survivors’ commitment. Design/methodology/approach – Data were obtained from 25 companies with 261 individual employees’ cases from three main industries in Taiwan (n=25/261). Findings – Organizations which have moral obligation violation during layoff would directly influence survivors’ perceptions of justice and further affect survivors’ level of affective commitment. Originality/value – This is one of the first studies to provide evidence of the relationship between moral obligation violation, overall justice climate and survivors’ affective commitment. Additionally, most studies of survivors’ attitude and behavior are based on the third-party perspective; this study is the first to argue that survivors are also affected by employers’ layoff as well as victims. The influence of layoff will lead to survivors’ subsequent attitude and behavior.

scholarly journals RESISTING TRANSNATIONAL REPRESSION: THE DIGITAL SECURITY PRACTICES OF DIASPORA AND EXILED HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Michaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Security Practices ◽  
Transnational Civil Society ◽  
State Actors ◽  
And Behavior

For diaspora activists in transnational networks, digital media play a crucial role to mobilize and advocate against authoritarian regimes in their country of origin. Yet the reliance on these technologies creates multiple points of exposure that state actors exploit to silence and punish dissent from abroad. While research has exposed the technical underpinnings of digital attacks targeting civil society, less is known on how potential targets perceive and respond to these threats. Using more than 50 interviews with exiled human rights defenders and journalists from Egypt, Syria and Iran, this paper investigates risk perceptions and security practices of activists in transnational networks. It shows that rather than on nuanced risk assessment, digital security decisions and behavior are often built on the “imagined affordances” of digital technologies for surveillance and information control. The paper argues that the complexity of digital tools and constantly evolving risks thus only work to aggravate activists’ uncertainty regarding the capabilities of the state actors threatening them, reinforcing the silencing effects of transnational repression. Networks of incident response, support and information sharing, in turn, will help to strengthen the digital resilience of transnational civil society.

scholarly journals Preparing Students for Global Citizenship: The Effects of a Dutch Undergraduate Honors Course

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid W. Schutte ◽  
Elanor Kamans ◽  
Marca V. C. Wolfensberger ◽  
Wiel Veugelers
Keyword(s):  
Global Justice ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Global Competence ◽  
Ethical Sensitivity ◽  
Curriculum Guidelines ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Qualitative Part

Using a mixed method approach, this case study investigates effects on the participating students (N=25) of an undergraduate honors course in the Netherlands, aimed at global justice citizenship. Knowledge about effects of global citizenship courses is still limited. The Ethical Sensitivity Scale Questionnaire and the Global Citizenship Scale were used in a pre- and posttest design to measure possible development in the moral and civic domain among the participants of the course. In the qualitative part, deductive content analyses of students’ work and students’ written reflection on the course, utilizing the theory-based curriculum guidelines Global Justice Citizenship Education, were performed. In addition, a follow-up blog and interview were analyzed to learn students’ perception on the effects of the course after half a year. Quantitative results show increased ethical sensitivity as well as global civic engagement and global competence among the participants. Qualitative results point in the same direction and provide deeper insights in the content of students’ learning and the perceived impact of the course on their attitudes and behavior. Results are discussed in relation to theory on justice-oriented global citizenship and honors pedagogies.

scholarly journals Dilema Kebijakan Sanksi Swiss dalam Merespon Krisis Ukraina (2014-2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fachrie
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
State Actors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research analyzes how Switzerland faces dilemmatic options in responding to the European Union Sanctions towards Russia in the crisis of Ukraine. Switzerland faces dilemmatic options, because it has good political and economic European Union. In this research, journals, books and reports are collected and used as data and theory in order to analyze the problem. Eventually, this research found that Switzerland decides to not directly relations with the European Union (EU) and Russia. In this study, the qualitative method is used to analyze the attitudes and behavior of Switzerland as a country in considering its national interests. Neoliberalism is used as a framework in analyzing the attitude and behavior of Swiss in imposing sanctions towards Russia as a response of its national interest, because this country considers non-state actors in decision making process in relations between Switzerland and European Union. Finally, this research found that Switzerland decides not to unequivocally support EU sanctions against Russia and choices for pragmatic behaviors.

How Homo economicus lost her mind and how we can revive her

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter DeScioli
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
Target Article ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
And Behavior

AbstractThe target article by Boyer & Petersen (B&P) contributes a vital message: that people have folk economic theories that shape their thoughts and behavior in the marketplace. This message is all the more important because, in the history of economic thought, Homo economicus was increasingly stripped of mental capacities. Intuitive theories can help restore the mind of Homo economicus.

The parent-offspring microbiome and neurobehavioral development

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Alberts ◽  
Christopher Harshaw ◽  
Gregory E. Demas ◽  
Cara L. Wellman ◽  
Ardythe L. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Neurobehavioral Development ◽  
Emotional Function ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract We identify the significance and typical requirements of developmental analyses of the microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) in parents, offspring, and parent-offspring relations, which have particular importance for neurobehavioral outcomes in mammalian species, including humans. We call for a focus on behavioral measures of social-emotional function. Methodological approaches to interpreting relations between the microbiota and behavior are discussed.

TEM evaluation of graded SixGe1-x heterolayers

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
N. David Theodore ◽  
Mamoru Tomozane ◽  
Ming Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bipolar Transistors ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
And Behavior

There is extensive interest in SiGe for use in heterojunction bipolar transistors. SiGe/Si superlattices are also of interest because of their potential for use in infrared detectors and field-effect transistors. The processing required for these materials is quite compatible with existing silicon technology. However, before SiGe can be used extensively for devices, there is a need to understand and then control the origin and behavior of defects in the materials. The present study was aimed at investigating the structural quality of, and the behavior of defects in, graded SiGe layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).The structures investigated in this study consisted of Si1-xGex[x=0.16]/Si1-xGex[x= 0.14, 0.13, 0.12, 0.10, 0.09, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04, 0.005, 0]/epi-Si/substrate heterolayers grown by CVD. The Si1-xGex layers were isochronally grown [t = 0.4 minutes per layer], with gas-flow rates being adjusted to control composition. Cross-section TEM specimens were prepared in the 110 geometry. These were then analyzed using two-beam bright-field, dark-field and weak-beam images. A JEOL JEM 200CX transmission electron microscope was used, operating at 200 kV.

Formation of defects in implanted hipox-structures

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1406-1407
Author(s):  
Peter Pegler ◽  
N. David Theodore ◽  
Ming Pan
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Semiconductor Devices ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Pressure Oxidation ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
Local Oxidation ◽  
Trench Isolation ◽  
And Behavior

High-pressure oxidation of silicon (HIPOX) is one of various techniques used for electrical-isolation of semiconductor-devices on silicon substrates. Other techniques have included local-oxidation of silicon (LOCOS), poly-buffered LOCOS, deep-trench isolation and separation of silicon by implanted oxygen (SIMOX). Reliable use of HIPOX for device-isolation requires an understanding of the behavior of the materials and structures being used and their interactions under different processing conditions. The effect of HIPOX-related stresses in the structures is of interest because structuraldefects, if formed, could electrically degrade devices.This investigation was performed to study the origin and behavior of defects in recessed HIPOX (RHIPOX) structures. The structures were exposed to a boron implant. Samples consisted of (i) RHlPOX'ed strip exposed to a boron implant, (ii) recessed strip prior to HIPOX, but exposed to a boron implant, (iii) test-pad prior to HIPOX, (iv) HIPOX'ed region away from R-HIPOX edge. Cross-section TEM specimens were prepared in the <110> substrate-geometry.

Language and Behavior Disorders in School-Age Children: Comorbidity and Communication in the Classroom

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hollo
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Behavioral Support ◽  
School Professionals ◽  
Development Characteristic ◽  
And Behavior

Language development is the foundation for competence in social, emotional, behavioral, and academic performance. Although language impairment (LI) is known to co-occur with behavioral and mental health problems, LI is likely to be overlooked in school-age children with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD; Hollo, Wehby, & Oliver, in press). Because language deficits may contribute to the problem behavior and poor social development characteristic of children with EBD, the consequences of an undiagnosed language disorder can be devastating. Implications include the need to train school professionals to recognize communication deficits. Further, it is critically important that specialists collaborate to provide linguistic and behavioral support for students with EBD and LI.

Tools & Resources: Impairment and Disability Web Sites

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Personality disorders are enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from those expected by the individual's culture; these inflexible and pervasive patterns reflect issues with cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning and impulse control, and lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fourth Edition, defines two specific personality disorders, in addition to an eleventh condition, Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Cluster A personality disorders include paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personalities; of these, Paranoid Personality Disorder probably is most common in the legal arena. Cluster B personality disorders include antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality. Such people may suffer from frantic efforts to avoid perceived abandonment, patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, an identity disturbance, and impulsivity. Legal issues that involve individuals with cluster B personality disorders often involve determination of causation of the person's problems, assessment of claims of harassment, and assessment of the person's fitness for employment. Cluster C personality disorders include avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality. Two case histories illustrate some of the complexities of assessing impairment in workers with personality disorders, including drug abuse, hospitalizations, and inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy.

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