Pengaruh kombinasi vitamin c dan vitamin e terhadap Kadar malondialdehid plasma pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2

Background: Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels produced by oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is higher than in non diabetes patients. Vitamin C and E inhibit oxidative stress and MDA production. The purpose of this study was to prove the effects of combined vitamin C and vitamin E on MDA plasma levels in T2DM patients.Methods: This double blind randomized pre post test control group design was carried out on 35 patients with T2DM without complication (age 40-60 yr) in Makassar. The treatment group (n=18) received vitamin C 250 mg/day plus vitamin E 400 IU/day and the control group (n=17) received placebo (seaweed powder 250 mg), for six weeks. Vitamin C was consumed before meal and vitamin E after meal. MDA levels were measured before and after supplementation by using TBARs method. Food intake and activity were derived from 24-hour recall method.Results: There was no different on MDA levels at baseline (p=0.151). At the end of the study, MDA levels increased in control group (5.8±2.74 to 7.2±3.00 nmol/ml; p=0.044) but not in the treatment group (7.2±2.88 to 7.7±2.02 nmol/ml; p=0.490). There was no difference in MDA alteration between the goups (p=0.316). There was no different in MDA levels at the end of the study (p=0.061) and confirmed after controlling the confounding variables: vitamin E intake and fasting blood glucose (p=0.809). Conclusion: Combined vitamin C 250 mg and vitamin E 400 IU for 6 weeks did not reduce MDA levels, but inhibit MDA production in T2DM patients.

Download Full-text

Efficacy of Vitamin C and Vitamin E as an add on therapy in diabetic foot ulcer and red blood cell morphology as a biomarker of oxidative stress: a randomized, open label, comparative pilot study

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180672 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 548

Author(s):

Vasanthi B. ◽

Ainsy Goldlin T. J.

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Foot Ulcer ◽

Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Foot ulcer is one of the long term complications of diabetes. Oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its long term complications. Impaired wound healing in diabetic individuals is due to ischemia and hypoxia occurring as a consequence of oxidative stress. Vitamin C and E have antioxidant property. This study aims to assess their efficacy in healing of diabetic ulcer. Objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Vitamin C and E in healing diabetic foot ulcer.Methods: 60 adult patients with diabetic foot ulcer were randomized to test and control groups (30 in each). Treatment period was 12 weeks + 4 weeks follow up per patient. After obtaining written informed consent, patients in test group received Vitamin C (500mg BD) and Vitamin E (400mg BD) for 12 weeks along with standard treatment for diabetes and antibiotics for foot ulcer.Results: At the end of 12 weeks, increase in healing of foot ulcer assessed by percent reduction of ulcer area in study group 72.50% than control group 39.67% (p<0.001) was observed. There was a significant reduction of fasting blood glucose, Oxidative stress induced damage to RBCs and BP in the study group compared to control group. No serious adverse effects occurred.Conclusions: Vitamin C and E reverse oxidative stress induced morphological changes in RBCs, improve anemia and increase blood flow to ulcer area. Hence they are highly effective in healing diabetic foot ulcer along with standard therapy.

Download Full-text

Investigating the effects of vitamins E and C on oxidative stress and hematological parameters among power plant workers: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233720908993 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 99-109

Author(s):

Majid Bagheri Hosseinabadi ◽

Narges Khanjani ◽

Pirasteh Norouzi ◽

Mehdi Mirzaii ◽

Jamal Biganeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Power Plant ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Double Blind ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Vitamins E And C ◽

The Mean

The present study aimed to determine the effect of taking antioxidant vitamins including vitamins E and C in reducing oxidative stress levels and improving blood parameters. This double-blind randomized controlled trial study was conducted among the employees working in different parts of a power plant in Semnan, Iran, in 2017. A total of 91 employees were randomly allocated to four groups including vitamin E (400 units per day), vitamin C (1000 mg per day), vitamin E + C for 90 days, and control. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma, and hematological parameters were measured in the participants before and after the intervention. A significant increase was seen in the mean level of SOD, Cat, and TAC in the vitamin-treated groups as well as a significant decrease in mean MOD in vitamin C and vitamin E groups after the intervention. In the intervention groups, the number of red blood cells, hematocrit, and the level of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and MCH concentration significantly increased. After the intervention, the mean levels of MDA, SOD, and Cat in vitamin E group were significantly lower than the control group. The mean level of TAC decreased only in the vitamin C group compared to the control group. Taking vitamins E and C as nonenzymatic scavengers of free radicals appears to decrease lipid peroxidation and increase the level of antioxidant enzymes, which can be imbalanced by exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields in power plant employees. Furthermore, some hematological parameters can be improved by consuming these vitamins.

Download Full-text

TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.09.1703 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (09) ◽

pp. 1084-1091

Author(s):

Rehan Khawaja ◽

Muhammad Sarwar ◽

Muhammad Hussain Bloach ◽

Iftikkhar Ahmad ◽

Tahir Ahmad Munir

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Group 1

Objectives: To access the Homocystein and Antioxidant Status in Patient withVariation in Duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Data source: 90 selected patients sufferingfrom Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) and 30 subjects as control group. Design of study: CaseControl Study. Setting: Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Period: July 2013 –March 2014. Materials & methods: Out of 120 selected subjects, 30 were assigned as control,(group 1) and 90 of DMT2. Based on duration, patients of DMT2 were divided into; group 2(DMT2 <5 years), 3 (DMT2 = 5-10 years) and group 4 (DMT2 >10 years). Smokers, renalfailure, coronary artery disease, thyroid disease and patients on antioxidant treatment wereexcluded from the study. DMT2 was diagnosed according to American Diabetes Associationstandards. The fasting plasma glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method;HbA1c by automated kit, TAC by calorimetric TAC Assay Kit (BioVision), Vitamin C and E byELISA Kit (HUMAN) while homocysteine measured by AXSYM HCY assay kit (ABBOTT). Cut offvalues for HbA1c was taken as ≤6%; FBS ≤110 mg/dl; TAC ≥1.16 mmol/L; Vitamin C ≥2 mg/dl;Vitamin E ≥ 9.5nmol/ml and homocysteine was < 6.3 μmol/L. Results: As the duration of DMT2increases, levels of vitamin C and TAC fall significantly (p <0.05) in all groups except betweengroups 1 & 2; however, vitamin E, decreased significantly in all the groups with increased DMT2duration. A significantly increased level of HbA1c was noticed in groups 2, 3 and 4 comparedto group 1 with increased DMT2 duration. The fasting blood sugar increased significantly in allthe groups except between group 3 and 4. ANOVA showed significant differences (p <0.05)between each group and within the groups when Hb1Ac, vitamin E, vitamin C, & TAC werecompared. A positive significant correlation was observed when HbA1c was correlated withFBS; TAC correlated with vitamin C and E and between vitamin C and vitamin E. Conclusions:The levels of TAC, vitamin C and E gradually decrease with increased DMT2 duration; so shouldbe supplemented in diabetics. TAC status can be taken as early marker to detect complicationswhile homocysteine levels to prevent diabetic complications.

Download Full-text

Fenofibrate decreased microalbuminuria in the type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia

10.21203/rs.2.20116/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaomeng Sun ◽

Jia Liu ◽

Guang Wang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Fenofibrate Treatment

Abstract Background: This study was to research the efficacy of fenofibrate in the treatment of microalbuminuria in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients (56) with microalbuminuria and hypertriglyceridemia aged 30 to 75 were randomly divided into the fenofibrate treatment group(n=28) and the control group (n=28) for 180 days. Urinary microalbumin /creatinine ratio (UACR) and other metabolic parameters were compared at baseline, during treatment and after treatment. Results: After 180 days, the reduction of levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in two groups were no differences. In treatment group, uric acid (UA) (296.42 ± 56.41 vs 372.46 ± 72.78), triglyceride (TG) [1.51(1.17, 2.06) vs 3.04(2.21, 3.29)], and UACR [36.45 (15.78,102.41) vs 129.00 (53.00, 226.25)] were significantly decreased compared with the baseline. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly increased (1.22 ± 0.26 vs 1.09 ± 0.24) compared with the baseline. The decrease in UACR [-44.05(-179.47, -12.16) vs -8.15(-59.69, 41.94)]in treatment group was significantly higher compared with the control group. The decrease in UACR was positively associated with the decreases in TG ( r = 0.447, P = 0.042) and UA ( r = 0.478, P = 0.024) after fenofibrate treatment. Conclusion: In the patients with hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, fenofibrate can improve microalbuminuria and do not increase the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate

Download Full-text

Pengaruh suplementasi Zn terhadap perubahan indeks TB/U anak stunted usia 24-36 bulan

JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jgi.5.2.98-104 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

Dewi Pertiwi Dyah Kusudaryati ◽

Siti Fatimah Muis ◽

Laksmi Widajanti

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Child Growth ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Dietary Allowance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

Height For Age

Background : Zn supplementation on stunted children in multiple research get the result inconsistent concerning the effect of Zn on children’s growth.Objective : To examine the effect of Zn supplementation to the change in height for index among stunted children age between 24-36 months.Methods: The research design is randomized pretest posttest control group design. The total of thirty six stunted children are divided into two groups. The treatment group is received syrup with 20 mg ZnSO4 twice a week for three months. The control group received placebo without Zn. Height for age z score (HAZ) on WHO Child Growth 2006 is used to measure height for age index while dietary intake and infection diseases are used as confounding variables.Result : There is significant difference in HAZ before and after supplementation at treatment group (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). There is a significant difference of the change in HAZ between the treatment group and control group (p=0.006). Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance have significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p=0.009; p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). The change in HAZ, Percentage Achievement of Energy, Protein, and Zn Dietary Allowance are higher in treatment group than control group. Duration of diarrhea (p=0.045) and morbidity (p=0.019) are lower in treatment group than control group. Conclusion : Zn Supplementation among stunted children have significant effect on the change in HAZ, dietary intake, and infection.

Download Full-text

Profile of Blood Glucose and Insulin after Vitamin C and Vitamin E Supplementation on Active Teenagers

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.26.22154 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.26) ◽

pp. 136

Author(s):

Irfiansyah Irwadi ◽

Hayuris Kinandita ◽

Jamaluddin Mahmud ◽

Lilik Herawati

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Combination Group ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Moderate Dose ◽

Significant Difference

Aim: Antioxidants, such as vitamin C and vitamin E, is widely used as supplements. The aim of this study is to analyze the profile of blood glucose, serum insulin, and HOMA in active teenagers after vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation.Methods: Subjects (14-16 y.o) consisted of 12 boys and 5 girls, divided into 3 groups: control (4 boys, 2 girls), ‘moderate dose’ of vitamin C and vitamin E combination group (5 boys, 1 girls), and ‘high dose’ of vitamin C and vitamin E combination group (3 boys, 2 girls). The treatment was given for 5 days. Vitamin C and vitamin E for ‘moderate dose’ was 500mg; 200IU, and for ‘high dose’ was 1000mg; 400IU. Fasting Blood Glucose (FGB) and 1 hour BG (1hr_BG), fasting serum insulin (FSI) and 1 hour SI (1hr_SI) was collected after treatment. We also calculated the HOMA-IR and HOMA-β.Result: There was no significant difference on FBG, 1hr_BG, FSI, 1hr_SI, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β (p≥ 0.05). However, mean FBG and 1hr_BG tended to be higher on the treatment groups. The control group had the lowest HOMA-IR and the highest HOMA-β.Conclusions: We suggest that the supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E in active teenagers is not essential on glucose homeostasis.

Download Full-text

Comparison of Oxidant-Antioxidant Status in Patients with Vitiligo and Healthy Population

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v12i2.13660 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 132-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S Agrawal ◽

A Kumar ◽

TK Dhali ◽

SK Majhi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Destruction Of Melanocytes ◽

And Control

Background Vitiligo is a well-recognized pigmentary disorder of the skin and /or mucous membrane characterized by circumscribed ivory or chalky white macules devoid of identifiable melanocytes. The pathogenesis of vitiligo is complex and still not well understood. According to autocytotoxic hypothesis, oxidative stress has been suggested to be the initial pathogenic event in melanocyte degeneration. The role of free radicals and oxidative damage in the pathophysiology of vitiligo has been documented in recent studies.Objective To evaluate the role of oxidative stress in patients with vitiligo and of healthy controls by measuring levels of the oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E in serum and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes.Method A total of 80 clinically diagnosed cases of vitiligo and 80 control subjects were included in the study to assess the activity of MDA, vitamin C and vitamin E in serum and CAT in erythrocytes of patients and controls by using the spectrophotometric assay.Result There was statistically significant increase in the levels of MDA in patients with vitiligo compared to the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was found in the levels of vitamin C (p=0.411) and vitamin E (p=0.771) between the patients with vitiligo and control group. The levels of CAT in the vitiligo patients were found to be significantly lower than those of controls (p<0.001).Conclusion Increased oxidative stress and decreased catalase have been observed in vitiligo patients and the data suggesting that the free radicals may be involved in the destruction of melanocytes or dysregulation of melanogenesis.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 132-136

Download Full-text

Pengaruh pemberian vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14343 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kristo Warong ◽

Damajanty H.C. Pangemanan ◽

Joice N.A. Engka

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Test Control

Absract: Physical exercise can improve and maintain physical fitness. However, physical exercise can lead to oxidative stress that can reduce the activity of antioxidants. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that could free radicals in the body. Neutrophils play an active role in the process of phagocytosis of bacteria and other microorganisms the damaged tissue caused by tissue injury. This study was aimed to obtain the effect of vitamin E on neutrophil count after physical exercise. This was a field experimental study with a pre post test control group design. Data were analyzed with the Mann Whitney U (α = 0.05). The physical exercise was playing futsal for 60 minutes. Respondents were 30 male respondents divided into 2 groups: treatment and control groups. The levels of neutrophils were examined after physical exercise and after the administration of vitamin E 400 IU for seven days. Data analysis of the effect of vitamin E on neutrophil level after physical exercise showed a p value of 0.031. Conclusion: Vitamin E influenced the levels of neutrophils after physical exercise.Keywords: physical exercise, oxidative stress, vitamin E, neutrophil Abstrak: Latihan fisik merupakan aktivitas yang dilakukan seseorang untuk meningkatkan atau memelihara kebugaran tubuh. Latihan fisik dapat menimbulkan stres oksidatif sehingga dapat menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan. Vitamin E merupakan antioksidan yang larut dalam lemak dan berfungsi untuk mengurangi radikal bebas yang terdapat dalam tubuh. Neutrofil berperan aktif dalam proses fagositosis bakteri, mikroorganisme, dan membersihkan sisa jaringan rusak yang disebabkan oleh cedera jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental lapangan dengan pre post test control group design. Untuk menguji signifikansi penelitian digunakan uji Mann Whitney U (α = 0,05). Latihan fisik berupa olahraga futsal selama 60 menit dilakukan oleh 30 responden laki-laki yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yaitu perlakuan dan kontrol. Kadar neutrofil diukur setelah latihan fisik dan setelah pemberian vitamin E 400 IU selama 7 hari. Hasil statistik menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh bermakna dari vitamin E pada kelompok perlakuan (p=0,031). Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh vitamin E terhadap kadar neutrofil setelah latihan fisik. Kata kunci: latihan fisik, stres oksidatif, vitamin E, neutrofil

Download Full-text

Pengaruh Pemberian Susu Coklat Terhadap Kadar F2Isoprostan pada Siswa di Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Olahraga Pelajar (PPLP) Sumatera Barat

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i3.344 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dezi Ilham ◽

Afriwardi Afriwardi ◽

Eti Yerizel

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

T Test ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Milk Chocolate ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Paired Sample ◽

Before And After

Abstrak Latihan fisik yang berlebihan dapat meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas di dalam tubuh. Peningkatan radikalbebas ini kalau tidak dinetralisasi oleh antioksidan di dalam tubuh, maka terjadilah stres oksidatif yang dapatmenyebabkan terjadinya peroksidasi lipid, sehingga menghasilkan produk senyawa F2-isoprostan yang dapatberdampak terhadap berbagai masalah kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruhpemberian susu coklat terhadap kadar F2-isoprostan. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental pre and post test controlgrup design terhadap 36 siswa atlet, yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Subjek dibagi dua kelompok yaituyang diberikan perlakuan susu coklat dan kontrol susu putih. Susu diminum setelah latihan fisik rutin atlet sebanyaksatu kali sehari selama 15 hari. Kadar F2-isoprostan dinilai sebelum dan sesudah secara ELISA. Data dianalisisdengan paired sample t-Test, bermakna bila p<0,05. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata kadar F2-isoprostan sebelumperlakuan pada kelompok susu coklat adalah 65,98±14,61 pg/ml dan sesudah perlakuan adalah 45,55±13,74 pg/ml.Rerata kadar F2-isoprostan sebelum perlakuan pada kelompok kontrol susu putih adalah 54,24±20,44 pg/ml dansesudah perlakuan adalah 48,80±20,23 pg/ml. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh ada pengaruh yang bermakna dari reratakadar F2-isoprostan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan baik pada kelompok perlakuan susu coklat dan kelompok kontrolsusu putih.Kata kunci: latihan fisik, radikal bebas, F2-isoprostan, susu coklatAbstract Excessive physical exercise can increase the production of free radicals in the body. The increase in freeradicals if not neutralized by antioxidants in the body and it caused oxidative stress which can cause lipid peroxidation,resulting in F2-isoprostane product compounds that can affect a variety of health problems. The objective of this studywas to determine the influence of milk chocolate on F2-isoprostane levels. This study was an experimental pre andpost test control group design to the 36 student athletes, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjectswere divided in two groups: the treatment given milk chocolate and white milk is given control, drunk after a routinephysical exercise athlete, once a day for 15 days. F2-isoprostane levels were assessed before (pre) and after (post) byELISA, the data were analyzed by Paired Sample t-Test, significant if p <0.05. The results showed average levels ofF2-isoprostane before treatment group was 65.98 ± chocolate milk 14.61 pg / ml and after treatment was 45.55 ±13.74 pg / ml. Average F2-isoprostane levels before treatment in the control group was 54.24 ± white milk 20.44 pg /ml and after treatment was 48.80 ± 20.23 pg / ml. There is a significant influence on the mean levels of F2-isoprostaneboth before and after treatment in the treatment group and the control group of milk chocolate and white milkKeywords: physical exercise, free radicals, f2-isoprostane, milk chocolate

Download Full-text

Model Psikoedukasi untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman dan Efikasi Diri Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe2

WIRARAJA MEDIKA ◽

10.24929/fik.v8i1.506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Nailiy Huzaimah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Rank Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Post Test ◽

Signed Rank Test

Health education is one part of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. Healtheducation on T2DM has been given to patients with T2DM but has not resulted in positivebehavioral changes, seen from uncontrolled blood glucose levels and complications. Acomprehensive knowledge of T2DM, appropiate education with engaging families, can give apositive impact on comprehension and self-confidence of people with T2DM.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PsychoeducationMods (PM) on comprehension and self-efficacy patients with T2DM. This study uses quasyexperiment, pre and post test control group design. Respondents were patients with T2DM andtheir families who are undergoing outpatient in Dr. H. Moh. Anwar Sumenep Hospital (n = 40).Data collection used a comprehension and self-efficacy questionnaires for people withT2DM. Statistical analysis used different test with α <0,05. Mann Whitney U test result showed thatthere were differences in comprehension and self-efficacy variables between treatment group andcontrol group. Different independent sample test results in the treatment group using Paired Ttest and Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that PM improves comprehension (p = 0.007) and selfefficacy (p = 0.002) of patients with T2DM. MP needs to be applied by health personnel, especiallynurses in assisting patients with T2DM improves comprehension with the awareness and selfefficacy of patients with T2DM. Comprehension with awareness and good self efficacy with familysupport will be a reinforcing factor for the establishment of a positive behavior to control bloodglucose levels.

Download Full-text