scholarly journals ANALISIS POLITIK ALIH KEWENANGAN PENGELOLAAN GURU SMA/SMK DARI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN/KOTA KEPADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Nunik Retno Herawati
Keyword(s):  
High Education ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Education Authority ◽  
Government Level

Under Law 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, there is a change in the distribution of functions in the management of education. High education previously managed by district / municipality governments turned to the provincial government. This article aims to analyze teachers management before and After the transition of the high education authority of the Regency / City government to the Provincial Government of Central Java using political perspective. Decentralization system has basically opened wide opportunity for each region to play a bigger role, including in the management of teachers in the District / City. Domination of the Head of Region is very visible in the process of recruitment, selection, payroll, career development, placement, mutation and Evaluation Performance Teacher District / City. The recentralization of high education authority, especially the management of teachers at the Provincial Government level, is expected to minimize the occurrence of education politicization at the district / municipality level.

scholarly journals Regional Autonomy Dynamics in The Reformation Era: Transitioning the Authority of Environment Policies in Central Java Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 09001
Author(s):  
Retno H Nunik ◽  
Yuwanto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
School Level ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Central Java

Based on Law 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, there is a change in the distribution of affairs in the management of education. Secondary education (SMA / SMK) previously administered by regency / municipality government based on the law is the authority of its management to switch to provincial government. This article will discuss how the process of execution of transfer of authority of secondary education from regency / municipality government to Central Java Provincial Government. Using qualitative research, this article will provide a critical analytical understanding of the transition process or the delegation of secondary education authorities in the areas of Asset, Human Resources (HR) and Finance from the Regency / City government to the Provincial Government in Central Java. The research findings show that the delegation of authority at the level of the Provincial Government actually makes the model of government farther away from idealism to provide services closer to the community. Because the implementation of this policy impact on local government policy, which has been eliminating education for 12 years, ie from elementary school to high school. As a result of the transfer of management function to the province, now the free education policy for SMA and SMK had to stop as well as happened in Kudus, Sukoharjo, Karanganyar. The community hopes the Central Java Provincial Government still holds a commitment to free education, both for public and private schools for high school / vocational high school level. In addition, there is hope from the community for the Provincial Government to implement a commitment not to withdraw fees, levies or donations after the transfer of education authority to the Central Java provincial government.

scholarly journals Struktur Organisasi Kelembagaan Penanaman Modal di Kota Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Dewi Gartika
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Local Government Authority ◽  
The City ◽  
Government Authority

In Act No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, where there mention of the obligatory functions and affairs of choice, where one obligatory This is an investment, then in Government Regulation No. 38 Year 2007 on the dealings between the central government, provincial government and district / city government, a local government authority is in the field of investment, government Bandung, capital investment is obligatory and one local government authority is placed in the structure organization Bappeda Bandung is in the Investment Sector, is of course contrary to the Law No. 23 Year 2014 and Government Regulation No. 38 of 2007. This paper provides the organizational structure of institu-tional investment in the city of Bandung.Dalam Undang-Undang Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dise-butkan mengenai urusan wajib dan urusan pilihan, dimana salah satu urusan wajib ini adalah pena-naman modal, kemudian dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 38 Tahun 2007 tentang Pembagian urusan antara pemerintah pusat, pemerintah provinsi, dan pemerintah kabupaten/kota, salah satu kewenangan pemerintah daerah adalah dalam bidang penanaman modal, di pemerintahan Kota Bandung, penanaman modal yang merupakan urusan wajib dan salah satu kewenangan pemerintah daerah ditempatkan dalam struktur organisasi Bappeda Kota Bandung yaitu pada Bidang Pena-naman Modal, ini tentu saja berseberangan dengan UU No. 32 Tahun 2004/UU No. 23 Tahun 2014 dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 38 Tahun 2007. Artikel ini berisi tentang struktur organisasi kelem-bagaan penanaman modal di Kota Bandung.

scholarly journals TARAF SINKRONISASI HORIZONTAL PENGATURAN IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PERTAMBANGAN MINERAL DAN BATUBARA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 9 TAHUN 2015 TENTANG PERUBAHAN KEDUA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Putri Noor Ilmi ◽  
Moch. Najib Imanullah
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Mining Law

<p>Abstract<br />The authority to issue Mining Business Licenses based on Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning  Mineral and Coal Mining is owned by the Central Government, Provincial Government and Regency/City Government. Meanwhile, based on Law Number 9 of 2015 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government the authority to issue  Mining Business Permits is owned by the Central Government and the Provincial Government. This article objective to discuss the implications of the regulation of mining business licenses that are not synchronized and efforts to synchronize the regulation of Mining Business Permits. This article is a descriptive analytical legal research. This research was carried out by the law approach. The data used are secondary data, namely the statutory provisions, the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, and the mining law literature with the technique of collecting study documents or library materials. So that the implications of these asynchronous arrangements can be resolved and the creation of an ideal Mining Business Permit arrangement.<br />Keywords: Synchronization; Implications; Mining Business Licenses; Investment.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Kewenangan penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun  2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Pusat, Pemerintah  Provinsi, dan Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota. Sedangkan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor  9 Tahun 2015 tentang Perubahan Kedua Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah kewenangan penerbitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Provinsi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai implikasi pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan yang tidak sinkron dan upaya sinkronisasi pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum doktrinal yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan undang-undang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yaitu ketentuan perundang-undangan, Peraturan Menteri Energi dan  Sumber Daya Mineral, dan literatur hukum pertambangan dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi dokumen atau bahan pustaka. Sehingga implikasi dari pengaturan yang tidak sinkron tersebut dapat diselesaikan dan terciptanya pengaturan Izin Usaha Pertambangan yang ideal.<br />Kata Kunci: Sinkronisasi; Implikasi; Izin Usaha Pertambangan; Investasi.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN SEBAGAI ALAT PENILAIAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR DAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH PADA TAHUN 2019-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Tiyas Drastiana ◽  
Risdiana Himmati
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Central Java Province

Abstrak: Kinerja keuangan merupakan suatu tingkat pencapaian dari hasil kerja dalam bidang keuangan atas pelbagai aktivitas yang telah dilakukan. Maka dari itu Pemerintah Daerah perlu melakukan analisis keuangan dengan menggunakan rasio kemandirian, rasio efektifitas, rasio efisiensi, dan rasio pertumbuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif melalui data sekunder dari laporan realisasi APBD Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah periode 2019-2020. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Tingkat kemandirian pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng  dari periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori rendah sekali. (2) Rasio efektifitas pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masih dalam kategori tidak efektif. (3) Tingkat efisiensi pada Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng periode 2019-2020 masuk dalam kategori sangat efisien. (4) tingkat pertumbuhan Pemerintah Provinsi Jatim dan Provinsi Jateng tahun 2019-2020 cenderung fluktuatif. Kata Kunci: rasio kemandirian; rasio efektifitas; rasio efisiensi; rasio pertumbuhan: kinerja keuangan.   Abstract: Financial performance is a level of achievement of the results of work in the financial sector for various activities that have been carried out. Therefore, the Regional Government must conduct a financial analysis using the independence ratio, effectiveness ratio, efficiency ratio, and growth ratio. The purpose of this study was to determine the financial performance of the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province. The analysis technique in this study is descriptive quantitative using secondary data, namely from the Realization Report of the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) of East Java Province and Central Java Province in 2019-2020. The results of this study indicate that (1) The ratio of independence in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province from 2019-2020 is still in the very low category. (2) The effectiveness ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is still in the ineffective category. (3) The efficiency ratio in the Provincial Government of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 is in the very efficient category. (4) The growth ratio of the Provincial Governments of East Java and Central Java Province in 2019-2020 tends to fluctuate. Keywords: independence ratio; effectiveness ratio; efficiency ratio; growth ratio; financial performance.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POTENSI PERTUMBUHAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) UNTUK OPTIMALISASI PENDAPATAN PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Paramita Lea Christanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Report Document ◽  
Central Java Province

AbstrakOtonomi Daerah membuka peluang Pemerintah Daerah lebih aktif dalam meningkatkan Pendapatan Daerah yang sesuai dengan perundang-undangan. Pendapatan yang memungkinkan untuk di usahakan oleh pemerintah daerah Provinsi adalah Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) menjadi salah satu penyokong pemenuhan kebutuhan dalam rangka penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada kontribusi PAD  terhadap Pendapatan daerah dan menganalisis potensi pertumbuhan PAD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengumpulkan dokumentasi berupa dokumen laporan realisasi anggaran pendapatan dan belanja daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan periode 2013-2018. Dalam pembahasan penelitian ini diambil kesimpulan (1) Tingkat kontribusi PAD terhadap Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi jawa tengah masuk kategori sangat baik dengan prosentase lebih dari 50%. (2) Pajak Daerah merupakan jenis PAD yang menyumbang prosentase lebih dari 80% PAD secara keseluruhan. (3)Potensi pertumbuhan PAD setiap tahunnya sekitar 6,5%.Kata Kunci : PAD, Pendapatan Daerah, Pajak Daerah, Kontribusi, Potensi Pertumbuhan. AbstractRegional Autonomy opens opportunities for the Regional Government to be more active in increasing Regional Revenues in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations.  The revenue possibly earned by the provincial government is that of local own-resource revenue.  Local Own-resource Revenue (PAD) becomes one the sustaining pillar to fulfill the need in order to perform the implementation of the regional government.  The present study was focused on the PAD contribution to the Local Own-resource Revenue and analyzing the potential growth of PAD.  The study was conducted in a descriptive design.  The data collection technique employed was documentation collection in the form of report document of revenue budget realization and local own-resource revenue and local state budget of Central Java Province during the 2013-2018 period. From the discussion of this study, some conclusions could be made as follows (1) The rate of PAD contribution to the local own-resource revenue of Central Java Province was considered very good with a percentage of more than 50%.  (2) Local Tax is a type of PAD that gave a contribution to a percentage of more than 80% of PAD as a whole. (3) The potential for annual PAD growth was around 6.5%.Keywords : PAD, Local Own-source Revenue, Local Tax, Contribution, Growth Potential.

scholarly journals EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA (GPA) PADA SEKOLAH UMUM DI PROVINSI BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir Ahmad ◽  
Lisa'diyah Ma'rifataini
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Contract Teachers ◽  
Type Data ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractCrucial issues with religius education teachers (GPA) policies are related to coaching, career development, welfare and recruitment. This research approach is qualitative with descriptive type. Data collection uses in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of GPA policies on the four problems above, problems and solutions. The informants of this study were the Kasi at the Education Office, the Head of the Provincial Government, the Head of the Division and the Kasi at the Ministry of Religion, PA Supervisors and PA Teachers. The results showed that the GPA guidance policy was not optimal due to funding constraints, the limited number of supervisors covering very large coverage areas. Regarding career development, GPAs experience difficulties in writing scientific papers and require seminars or competency tests when they are promoted from IV / A to IV / B. Regarding welfare, non-PNS GPAs are constrained from participating in certification and inpassing because they have to include a decree from the Mayor / Regent and GPA who have not been certified due to limited quota There are three types of religious teachers in schools, namely those appointed by the Ministry of Religion, the Regional Government, and the Education Office, where the GPA data is always different and there is no coordination. In order to meet the lack of GPA in schools, the Ministry of Religion needs to appoint GTT religious teachers or contract teachers who are funded by the APBN, just as the Regional Government appoints GTT religious teachers who are funded by the APBD.AbstrakMasalah krusial kebijakan Guru Pendidikan Agama (GPA) adalah terkait pembinaan, pengembangan karier, kesejahteraan dan rekrutmen. Pendekatan penelitian ini kualitatif dengan tipe Deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan in-depth interview, participatory observation, dan document studies. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan GPA terhadap empat masalah di atas, problematika dan solusi. Informan penelitian ini adalah Kasi pada Dinas Pendidikan, Kabid di Pemda Provinsi, Kepala Bidang dan Kasi di Kemenag, Pengawas PA dan Guru PA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pembinaan GPA belum optimal karena terkendala pendanaan, keterbatasan jumlah pengawas yang Coverage areas sangat luas. Terhadap pengembangan karier, GPA mengalami kesulitan dalam penulisan karya tulis ilmiah dan keharusan seminar atau uji kompetensi ketika kenaikan pangkat dari IV/A ke IV/B.  Terkait kesejahteraan, GPA non PNS terkendala untuk mengikuti sertifikasi dan inpassing karena harus menyertakan SK dari Walikota/Bupati dan GPA yang belum sertifikasi karena kuota terbatas. Terdapat  tiga jenis guru agama di sekolah yakni diangkat oleh Kemenag, Pemda, dan Dinas Pendidikan, di mana data GPA selalu berbeda dan belum ada koordinasi. Guna terpenuhi kurangnya GPA di Sekolah, Kemenag perlu mengangkat guru agama GTT atau guru kontrak yang dibiayai oleh APBN, seperti halnya Pemda mengangkat guru agama GTT yang dibiayai APBD.

scholarly journals ANALISA KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KOTA KEDIRI DALAM PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA (SDM) DI DUNIA INTERNASIONAL

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudiyanto Tri Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Consideration of the composition of employment Indonesia today and face the challenges of free trade to meet the global competition we will analyze regional government policy in improving the Competitiveness of Human Resources (HR) in the international community, which is a case study in Kediri. This research is qualitative descriptive with case study technique. The data collection was done by using in-depth interviews, field observation and documentation. The informations processed by data condensation and analized by readiness factor of IMD Worid Talent Ranking.The results show government policies in improving Competitiveness Human Resources (HR) Kediri relatively plentiful, varied and implemented by many Local Government Unit (LGU) owned both the Provincial Government and the City Government. In the mean as well as those policies will have a positive impact relative to the increase of Competitiveness human resources in the international world.

scholarly journals Unraveling Authority of Coal Mining Management by the Regional Government and Its Implications for Regional Autonomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-242
Author(s):  
Dolot Alhasni Bakung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Regional Governments

The region has the authority to manage and regulate its territory independently based on the mandate of Article 18 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. One such authority is to manage natural resources in this case conducting coal mining. The management of coal mining under the Minerba Act places the district/city government in authority in its management. Meanwhile, the Local Government Law places the provincial government also in possession of this management authority. This gave birth to the dualism of regulation in terms of the authority to manage coal, giving rise to a contradiction between one rule and another. The problem in this study is First, how is the condition of coal mining management by local governments in the perspective of regional autonomy? Second, what are the implications of the current coal mining arrangements by the regional government? The results of the study showed that coal mining authority from the district/municipal government under the Minerba Act then was transferred to the provincial government based on the Regional Government Law was reasonable because of various problems that arose from the authority of the district/city government. However, this fact puts the authority of coal mining management in dualism and disharmony in its regulation. This dualism has implications for the disruption of the pattern of authority relations between the central and regional governments, financial management between the central and regional governments, and the division of supervisory authorities between the central and regional governments.

scholarly journals Be Aware of Inequality: Political Challenges and Redistributive Public Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65
Author(s):  
Eka Suaib ◽  
Najib Husein ◽  
Dodi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Mining Sector ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The Impact

This article focused to uncover inequalities in natural resource management. The presence of a mining business in a region is dilemmatic. On one hand, it can be a blessing because regions need investment in order to boost regional income because companies can provide royalties to the government that grants permits, both to the regional government, provincial government, and district/city government. This is not to mention various taxes such as land rent, buildings, and other taxes. However, in terms of equality, especially in local community, a mining company discriminates and acts unfairly. The community stated that the mining company had no impact on welfare. The second dilemma is implicated in more inclusive development to reduce inequalities in the context of democracy. So far, studies on mining have been carried out by scientists from various perspectives such as mining, mining and investment governance, social conflicts in the mining sector, the impact of the mining sector on environmental damage, natural wealth in the mining sector, natural resources curse, and political economy of mining sector. Based on various studies above, scientists have not much attention to the dynamic aspects between mining management and the enforcement of citizenship rights. This study found the novelty, that in the context of regional autonomy which gives freedom to the regions and actors to manage natural wealth. By using a public policy perspective, this study found that the importance of policy making so that there is equality of rights. It is hoped that vulnerable and marginal groups can help to reduce inequality, especially on gaps that occur from time to time.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Perubahan Kewenangan Pengawasan Ketenagakerjaan Dari Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota Kepada Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-364
Author(s):  
Sonhaji Sonhaji
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
City Government ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Additional Funding ◽  
Supervisory Staff ◽  
Central Java Province

 The research aims to determine the juridical review of changes in the authority of labor inspection from the Regency / City Government to the Central Java Provincial Government. The research method used is the legal research method. the results of the study show that the transfer of labor inspection authority to the Department of Manpower and Transmigration of Central Java Province, made labor inspection activities not yet / less effective. This can be seen since 2017 the number of supervisory staff has decreased, which in 2014 amounted to 585 employees while in 2017 there were only 154 employees, and there was no additional funding budgeted for Central Java Province, which should have been done when the number of activities had to done increasing or increasing. Consequently, the performance of supervisory staff and the number of findings of labor violations has decreased. Keywords: Effectiveness, Supervision, Employment.  Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tinjauan yuridis terhadap perubahan kewenangan pengawasan ketenagakerjaan dari Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota Kepada Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum. hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengalihan kewenangan pengawasan ketenagakerjaan kepada Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Provinsi Jawa Tengah, menjadikan kegiatan pengawasan ketenagakerjaan belum/kurang efektif. Hal ini dapat dilihat sejak tahun 2017 jumlah pegawai pengawas mengalami penurunan, yang mana pada Tahun 2014 berjumlah 585 pegawai sedangkan pada Tahun 2017 hanya berjumlah 154 pegawai, dan tidak adanya dana tambahan yang dianggarkan untuk Provinsi Jawa Tengah, yang seharusnya dilakukan ketika jumlah kegiatan yang harus dilakukan bertambah atau meningkat.  Konsekuensinya kinerja pegawai pengawas dan jumlah temuan pelanggaran ketenagakerjaan mengalami penurunan. Kata kunci : Efektivitas, Pengawasan, Ketenagakerjaan. 

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