ANALISA PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS SEBAGAI  MEDIA BIOCOVER DI TEMPAT PEMROSESAN AKHIR SAMPAH: Studi Kasus Kota Depok, Jawa Barat

High percentage of organic waste in urban areas makes composting as good alternative in waste processing. However, composting has not been effectively used and the result is not optimal. Previous studies found compost can be used as biocover media to reduce methane emission landfill. The objective of the study is to identify the characteristic of produced at temporary waste unit Depok, West Java and the effect of compaction toward the amount of methane removal in the landfill. Before applied as biocover media, compost was characterized followed by maturation process. Study on methane removal efficiency was conducted as batches in four reactors for 35 days with compaction rate varying from 750, 800, 850 dan 900 kg/m3. Composting media used in the research had 80 cm thickness with artificial gas consisting of 50% CH4 dan 50% CO2. Initially, compost did not meet criteria as mature compost based on SNI 19-7030-2004, and as media biocover hence a pre-treatment was needed to improve the quality compost to meet the requirements. Compaction rate of 900 kg/m3has highest elimination capacity of methane i.e. 98,31%±3,6% and 13,98±4,32 g/m3/hour.

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Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Kotagede dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Organik

AKSIOLOGIYA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.30651/aks.v5i4.7357 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 517

Author(s):

Gunawan Budiyanto ◽

Lis Noer Aini

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Economic Value ◽

Survey Method ◽

Waste Processing ◽

Classic Problem ◽

Organic Waste Management

Sampah merupakan permasalahan klasik yang belum terpecahkan dengan baik. Kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah masih rendah, termasuk dalam pengelolaan sampah organik. Daerah perkotaan, umumnya menjadi penyumbang sampah terbesar. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kotagede terhadap pengelolaan sampah organik. Sasaran studi adalah anggota Muhammadiyah di lingkup PCM Kotagede. Metode studi yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Pelaksanaan survei dilakukan sebelum dan setelah dilaksanakan penyuluhan tentang peningkatan nilai ekonomi sampah organik. Survei dilakukan terhadap 55 orang peserta penyuluhan Upaya Peningkatan Nilai Ekonomi Sampah Organik. Hasil survei sebelum dilaksanakannya penyuluhan, 100% peserta mengetahui bahwa sampah organik dapat diolah kembali. Dari proses pengolahan sampah tersebut terdapat 23 orang (42%) responden paham tentang pengolahan sampah. Setelah penyuluhan dilaksanakan, sebanyak 84% paham tentang proses pengolahan sampah, sedangkan 16% belum memahami. Dari hasil tersebut, semua peserta menghendaki dilakukannya pengelolaan sampah organik yaitu dengan praktek pembuatan pupuk organik.Increasing Knowledge of the Kotagede CommunityIn Organic Waste ManagementABSTRACTGarbage is a classic problem that has not been resolved properly. Public awareness of waste management is still low, including in organic waste management. Urban areas are generally the largest contributor to waste. This study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge of the Kotagede community on organic waste management. The target of the study is Muhammadiyah members within the PCM Kotagede. The study method used was a survey method. The survey was carried out before and after counseling on the increase in the economic value of organic waste. The survey was conducted on 55 participants of counseling on Efforts to Increase the Economic Value of Organic Waste. From the survey results before the implementation of counseling, 100% of the participants knew that organic waste could be recycled. From the waste processing process, 23 people (42%) of respondents understand about waste processing. After counseling was carried out, as many as 84% understood about the waste processing process, while 16% did not understand. From these results, all participants wanted organic waste management to be carried out by practicing organic fertilizer production. Keywords: Economic; compost; MPM Kotagede; Garbage

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Feasibility study of microbial organic waste processing business in Sukasari district, Bandung city

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/683/1/012018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 683 (1) ◽

pp. 012018

Author(s):

W Kastolani ◽

Darsiharjo ◽

I Setiawan ◽

U Supriatna

Keyword(s):

Feasibility Study ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Waste Processing

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A highly efficient multi-step methodology for the quantification of micro-(bio)plastics in sludge

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x20974094 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0734242X2097409

Author(s):

Federica Ruggero ◽

Alexandra E. Porter ◽

Nikolaos Voulvoulis ◽

Emiliano Carretti ◽

Tommaso Lotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Waste ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Critical Conditions ◽

Organic Fraction ◽

Initial Oxidation ◽

Threshold Size ◽

End Products ◽

Biological Treatments ◽

Pre Treatment

The present study develops a multi-step methodology for identification and quantification of microplastics and micro-bioplastics (together called in the current work micro-(bio)plastics) in sludge. In previous studies, different methods for the extraction of microplastics were devised for traditional plastics, while the current research tested the methodology on starch-based micro-bioplastics of 0.1–2 mm size. Compostable bioplastics are expected to enter the anaerobic or aerobic biological treatments that lead to end-products applicable in agriculture; some critical conditions of treatments (e.g. low temperature and moisture) can slow down the degradation process and be responsible for the presence of microplastics in the end-product. The methodology consists of an initial oxidation step, with hydrogen peroxide 35% concentrated to clear the sludge and remove the organic fraction, followed by a combination of flotation with sodium chloride and observation of the residues under a fluorescence microscope using a green filter. The workflow revealed an efficacy of removal from 94% to 100% and from 92% to 96% for plastic fragments, 0.5–2 mm and 0.1–0.5 mm size, respectively. The methodology was then applied to samples of food waste pulp harvested after a shredding pre-treatment in an anaerobic digestion (AD) plant in Italy, where polyethylene, starch-based Mater-Bi® and cellophane microplastics were recovered in amounts of 9 ± 1.3/10 g <2 mm and 4.8 ± 1.2/10 g ⩾2 mm. The study highlights the need to lower the threshold size for the quantification of plastics in organic fertilizers, which is currently set by legislations at 2 mm, by improving the background knowledge about the fate of the micro-(bio)plastics in biological treatments for the organic waste.

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Control of chironomid midge larvae in wastewater stabilisation ponds: comparison of five compounds

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0460 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 191-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. Craggs ◽

L. Golding ◽

S. Clearwater ◽

L. Susarla ◽

W. Donovan

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Large Scale ◽

Adult Emergence ◽

Small Scale ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Organic Loading ◽

Valuable Component ◽

Pre Treatment

Chironomid midge larvae are a valuable component of wastewater stabilisation pond (WSP) ecology. However, in high numbers, adult midge swarms can be a nuisance to near-by urban areas. Improving WSP treatment by incorporating aerobic or maturation ponds or by the addition of pre-treatment to reduce organic loading also increases the availability of aerobic sediment (midge larva habitat) in the pond system and the potential for midge nuisance problems. The efficacy of Maldison, an organophosphate traditionally used to control midge larvae in New Zealand WSPs, was compared to Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), Methoprene, Pyriproxyfen and Diflubenzuron which are all more specific to insects and have fewer adverse environmental effects. Initial laboratory trials established the concentration of each compound required to achieve 95% control of the midge population. During 21-day small-scale trials within the WSP, Bti, Diflubenzuron and Maldison reduced live larvae numbers substantially (80–89%) compared to controls and adult midge emergence was markedly reduced by all compounds (72–96%). Large-scale trials with Bti (Vectobac® WG) powder (1000 μg/L) only caused a slight reduction in midge larvae numbers compared to controls and had little effect on adult emergence, however, Methoprene (Prolink XRG granules) (50 μgAI/L) reduced midge adult emergence by ∼80% over 25 days and has been used successfully to control several midge nuisance outbreaks.

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Bioelectricity production from tofu wastewater using microbial fuel cells with microalgae Spirulina sp as catholyte

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020208007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 08007

Author(s):

Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi ◽

Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽

Purwanto Purwanto ◽

Muthi’ah Nur Fadlilah

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Fuel Cells ◽

Microbial Fuel Cells ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Salt Bridge ◽

Cod Removal ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Made In

Microalgae-Microbial Fuel Cells (MMFCs) are very popular to be used to treat organic waste. MMFCs can function as an energy-producing wastewater pre-treatment system. Wastewater can provide an adequate supply of nutrients, support the large capacity of biofuel production, and can be integrated with existing wastewater treatment infrastructure. The reduced content of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is one way to measure the efficiency of wastewater treatment. MMFCs reactors are made in the form of two chambers (anode and cathode) both of which are connected by a salt bridge. Tofu wastewater as an anode and Spirulina sp as a cathode. To improve MFCs performance which is to obtain maximum COD removal and electricity generation, nutrient NaHCO3 as the nutrient carbon source for Spirulina sp was varied. The system running phase on 12 days. The results were Spirulina sp treated with MFCs technology has better growth than non-MFCs. The MMFC generated a maximum power density of 21.728 mW/cm2 and achieved 57.37% COD removal. These results showed that the combined process was effective in treating tofu wastewater.

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Effects of pre-treatment technologies on quantity and quality of source-sorted municipal organic waste for biogas recovery

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2006.02.014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 398-405 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Trine Lund Hansen ◽

Jes la Cour Jansen ◽

Åsa Davidsson ◽

Thomas Højlund Christensen

Keyword(s):

Organic Waste ◽

Treatment Technologies ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Biogas Recovery

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Kinetics of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Fat Waste with Saponification Pre-Treatment

Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ◽

10.22146/jrekpros.48959 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rifki Wahyu Kurnianto ◽

Wiratni Budhijanto ◽

Rochim Bakti Cahyono

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Organic Waste ◽

High Lipid Content ◽

Dairy Fat ◽

High Lipid ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Floating Layer

Anaerobic digestion has been an attractive field of research in the era of energy crisis. Biogas, which is the product of anaerobic digestion, provides alternative energy, while at the same time it also prevents pollution due to organic waste accumulation. Among various organic wastes, dairy fat waste is a potential substrate for anaerobic digestion. Fat waste has high theoretical biogas potential because of its high lipid content. However, anaerobic digestion of organic waste with high lipid content is quite challenging. The main obstacle in anaerobic digestion of fat waste is its tendency to form insoluble floating layer on top of the liquid phase. This phenomenon hinders the access of hydrolytic bacteria to the substrate. Saponification is one of the methods to increase the solubility of the floating layer and hence to improve the availability of substrate for the bacteria. Saponification changes the lipid content into soap which has both polar and non-polar functional groups and the polar side will increase the solubility of the substrate in water. This study evaluated the effect of different dosage of base added as the reactant during saponification pre-treatment on the productivity of anaerobic digestion of dairy fat waste. The kinetics of the anaerobic digestion process was analyzed by mean of mathematical model. The variations of the alkaline dosages studied for saponification pre-treatment were 0.04 mol base/g sCOD; 0.02 mol base/g sCOD; and no pre-treatment for control reactor. This study proved that saponification increased the solubility of dairy fat waste. This result was confirmed by the hydrolysis constant value (kH) of 0.00782/day for reactor with saponification, which was twenty times of magnitude higher than the kH value of 0.00032/day in the reactor without saponification. However, the exposure to high pH during the saponification pre-treatment might somewhat inhibit indigenous acidogenic bacteria in the waste which results in lower methane yield in the reactors with saponification to be compared to the control reactor. A B S T R A KPeruraian anaerobik merupakan salah satu bidang riset yang sangat menarik perhatian dalam era krisis energi. Biogas tidak hanya menyediakan energi alternatif, tetapi juga dapat mencegah pencemaran akibat limbah organik. Limbah lemak susu adalah substrat yang potensial untuk proses peruraian anaerobik karena memiliki potensi biogas teoritis yang tinggi akibat kandungan lemaknya yang tinggi. Namun, peruraian anaerobik dari limbah organik dengan kandungan lemak yang tinggi memiliki tantangan tersendiri. Hambatan utama dalam peruraian anaerobik dari limbah lemak susu adalah kecenderungan untuk membentuk lapisan padatan yang tidak larut dan mengapung di bagian atas fase cair. Fenomena ini menghambat akses bakteri hidrolisis terhadap substrat. Saponifikasi adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kelarutan lapisan padatan tersebut, sehingga meningkatkan ketersediaan substrat untuk bakteri. Saponifikasi akan mengubah kandungan lemak menjadi sabun yang memiliki gugus fungsi polar maupun non-polar. Gugus fungsi yang bersifat polar akan meningkatkan kelarutan substrat dalam air. Studi ini mengevaluasi pengaruh dari berbagai dosis larutan basa yang ditambahkan sebagai reaktan selama perlakuan awal saponifikasi terhadap peruraian anaerobik limbah lemak susu. Kinetika proses peruraian anaerobik dianalisis dengan menggunakan model matematika. Variasi dosis yang diamati pengaruhnya untuk perlakuan awal saponifikasi adalah 0,04 mol basa/g sCOD; 0,02 mol basa/g sCOD; dan nol (tanpa perlakuan awal saponifikasi). Dari penelitian ini, terbukti bahwa saponifikasi berhasil meningkatkan kelarutan limbah lemak susu dan juga ditunjukkan oleh nilai konstanta hidrolisis (kH) 0,00782/hari lebih tinggi dua puluh kali lipat dibandingkan dengan nilai kH 0,00032/hari pada reaktor tanpa saponifikasi. Akan tetapi, penelitian ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri asidogenik bawaan substrat terhambat kinerjanya oleh paparan pH yang tinggi selama perlakuan awal saponifikasi berlangsung sehingga hasil gas metan yang diperoleh lebih rendah daripada reaktor kontrol.

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PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH TOILET MENGGUNAKAN FORMULA MIKROBA DI PERUMAHAN TENGGILIS SURABAYA

Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) ◽

10.20473/jlm.v2i1.2018.25-29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Fatimah Fatimah ◽

Tini Surtiningsih ◽

Agus Supriyanto ◽

Nima’tuzahroh Nima’tuzahroh ◽

Salamun Salamun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Service ◽

Test Scores ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Mean Value ◽

Septic Tank ◽

Waste Processing ◽

Septic Tanks ◽

Post Test

Blockage of septic tanks is one of the problems in the community related to the discharge of toilet waste produced. The use of synthetic toilet cleaners that are not environmentally friendly is one of the factors that can inhibit the process of decomposing organic waste. The existence of microbial killer ingredients in toilet cleaning materials that come into the septic tank will actually inhibit the growth of essential microbes that play a role in the perfection of the decomposition process. Lack of understanding of the community related to microbial processes in the processing of toilet waste is one of the factors inability of the community to overcome these problems. This community service aims to disseminate information related to the processing of organic waste, the role of microbes in the processing of toilet waste, how to make microbial formulas that play a role in the processing of toilet waste, as well as efforts to increase the creativity of the community to process their own waste to improve environmental sanitation and improve community welfare. The results of the training showed that the average pretest and post test scores of the cadres of Tenggilis Surabaya village experienced a significant increase in value with a mean value of 37.78 (pretest) to 62.22 (post-test). Toilet waste processing cadres have been able to make biotoilet products that can be used to process limbat toilets in their homes. The informationand insights they receive can be passed on to the community from each cadre.AbstrakPenyumbatan septic tank merupakan salah satu permasalahan di masyarakat terkait dengan buangan limbah toilet yang dihasilkan. Penggunaan pembersih toilet yang berbahan sintetik yang tidak ramah lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat menghambat proses penguraian limbah organik. Keberadaan bahan pembunuh mikroba dalam bahan-bahan pembersih toilet yang ikut masuk ke dalam septik tank justru akan menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba esensial yang berperan dalam kesempurnaan proses dekomposisi. Kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terkait dengan proses mikroba dalam pengolahan limbah toilet merupakan salah satu faktor ketidakmampuan masyarakat dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuanuntuk mensosialisasikan informasi terkait proses pengolahan limbah organik, peran mikroba dalam pengolahan limbah toilet, cara membuat formula mikroba yang berperan dalam pengolahan limbah toilet, serta upaya meningkatkan kreativitas masyarakat untuk mengolah limbahnya sendiri guna meningkatkan sanitasi lingkungan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa rerata nilai pretest dan post test kader kelurahan Tenggilis Surabaya mengalami peningkatan nilai yang cukup signifi kan dengan rerata nilai dari 37,78 (pretest) menjadi 62,22 (post test). Kader pengolahan limbah toilet telah mampu membuat produk biotoilet yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengolah limbat toilet di rumah masing-masing. Informasi dan wawasan yang mereka terima dapat di teruskan kepada komunitas asal masing-masing kader.

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