scholarly journals The effect of cellular and physiological indicators on gender determination

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Milat Ismail Haje
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Gender Determination ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Special Value ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
Infertile Patients

Gender determination, in addition to having special value to parents, has particular importance in sex-linked diseases. This study aimed to investigate the cellular indicators (i.e. BMP-6 protein and PPAR? protein expression levels in granulosa cells) and the physiological indicators on gender determination. For this purpose, on 68 infertile patients referred to the clinic, ovarian stimulation was performed by different protocols and then ruptured by different HCG. Follow-up of patients was performed after they became pregnant after five months. U/S was done for knowing the gender of the baby then after labor rechecked another time. Also, granulosa-luteal cells (GLCs) were isolated from the follicular fluid of 68 women participating in the study. BMP-6 protein and PPAR? protein were measured using Western blotting. Results showed that the total number of delivered babies was 68, 41 males (60.3%) and 27 females (39.7%). About physiological indicators results, there was no significant association between the age of the mother and sex of the baby (P=0.934). No significant association was detected between the month during which the conception occurred and the sex of the baby (P=0.734). The same result was obtained for the follicle side (P=0.236), and follicle size (P=0.659), there was no significant association between the sex of the baby with the following factors: protocol of treatment (P=0.417), IVF after HCG (P=0.237), HCG type (P=0.572), parity (P=0.282), and type of infertility (P=0.376). The cellular indicators results showed that the BMP-6 protein level in granulosa cells of mothers with daughters was almost twice as high as mothers with sons (P=0.043). But there was no significant difference between mothers with daughters and mothers with sons in PPAR? protein level (P=0.12). It can be concluded that except for BMP-6 protein level, none of the cellular and physiological indicators affects gender determination. Therefore, this cell indicator can probably be evaluated as an effective indicator in determining gender.

scholarly journals Evidence and manipulation of O-GlcNAcylation in granulosa cells of bovine antral follicles†

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-923
Author(s):  
Abigail M Maucieri ◽  
David H Townson
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Direct Inhibition ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Hexosamine Biosynthesis ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
Glcnac Transferase ◽  
Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway

Abstract Glucose is a preferred energy substrate for metabolism by bovine granulosa cells (GCs). O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), is a product of glucose metabolism that occurs as the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) shunts O-GlcNAc sugars to serine and threonine residues of proteins. O-GlcNAcylation through the HBP is considered a nutrient sensing mechanism that regulates many cellular processes. Yet little is known of its importance in GCs. Here, O-GlcNAcylation in GCs and its effects on GC proliferation were determined. Bovine ovaries from a slaughterhouse, staged to the mid-to-late estrous period were used. Follicular fluid and GCs were aspirated from small (3–5 mm) and large (>10 mm) antral follicles. Freshly isolated GCs of small follicles exhibited greater expression of O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) than large follicles. Less glucose and more lactate was detectable in the follicular fluid of small versus large follicles. Culture of GCs revealed that inhibition of the HBP via the glutamine fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase inhibitor, DON (50 μM), impaired O-GlcNAcylation and GC proliferation, regardless of follicle size. Direct inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation via the OGT inhibitor, OSMI-1 (50 μM), also prevented proliferation, but only in GCs of small follicles. Augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation via the O-GlcNAcase inhibitor, Thiamet-G (2.5 μM), had no effect on GC proliferation, regardless of follicle size. The results indicate GCs of bovine antral follicles undergo O-GlcNAcylation, and O-GlcNAcylation is associated with alterations of glucose and lactate in follicular fluid. Disruption of O-GlcNAcylation impairs GC proliferation. Thus, the HBP via O-GlcNAcylation constitutes a plausible nutrient-sensing pathway influencing bovine GC function and follicular growth.

scholarly journals Does type of intervention affects the endoscopic procedure outcome in female infertile patients? an experience at a single tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Namita Agrawal ◽  
S. Fayyaz
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infertility Patients ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Multiple Type

Background: To compare the types of hysterolaparoscopic interventions in female infertile patients and evaluate the outcome in terms of achieving pregnancy at follow up of 12 months.Methods: We prospectively evaluated 157 female-infertile-patients (age range 19-35 years; mean age 27.75 years). During their workup, all underwent hysterolaparoscopy. The detected anatomical abnormalities on hysterolaparoscopy were also tackled at same time if possible. After hysterolaparoscopy, Patients were advised for regular sexual activity. Follow-up of all recruited patients was done for 12 months or till achievement of fetal cardiac activity.Results: Of the 157 female-infertile-patients, 93 (59.2%) were of primary infertility and remaining 64 (41.74%) were secondary infertility patients. Hysterolaparoscopy revealed abnormalities in 125/157 patients. Of the 125 patients with abnormal hysterolaparoscopic findings, 121 underwent active therapeutic interventions. Out of 121 underwent active intervention and 43 patients conceived during next 12 months. Of 121 patients, 81 (66.9%) experienced single type intervention and remaining 40 (33.1%) experienced multiple type of the intervention. Among 81 patients with single type intervention, 28 conceived while 33 patients with multiple type of intervention 15 conceived. There was no statistically significant difference in pregnancy outcome in both groups. When we analyzed independently in primary and secondary infertility patients, similarly there was no significant difference in the pregnancy outcome.Conclusions: We concluded the conception rate was not significantly difference in infertile female patients, who underwent either single or multiple type hysterolaparoscopic intervention. So hysterolaparoscopy interventions should be performed in infertile female patients irrespective of type and extent of pelvic pathologies.

54 IMMUNOLOCALIZATION OF STEROID SULFATASE AND ESTROGEN-SPECIFIC SULFOTRANSFERASE IN BOVINE FOLLICLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Blaschka ◽  
G. Schuler ◽  
C. Wrenzycki
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Steroid Sulfatase ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Polyclonal Rabbit ◽  
Anion Transporter ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Sulfated Steroids

Steroid hormones are regulators in the fine-tuned mechanism of follicular development in cattle. Their concentration and property can be modulated via different processes. Sulfoconjugation via sulfotransferases (SULT) changes them from being hydrophobic to hydrophilic molecules, thereby preventing them from diffusing freely across the lipid bilayer and necessitating a transport system like the sodium-dependent organic anion transporter (SOAT; SLC10A6). In addition, sulfated steroids can no longer bind to their nuclear receptors, rendering them biologically inactive. Steroid sulfatase (STS) removes the sulfate moiety from conjugated steroids, transforming them to the free active forms. Data about the concentration of sulfated steroids in follicular fluid and the expression of the related enzymes are limited in horses and cattle. Recently, transcripts of the corresponding enzymes have been detected in cumulus cells of immature bovine cumulus-oocyte complex. Furthermore, it has been shown that small amounts of sulphated steroids are present in bovine follicular fluid. The objective of the study was to investigate the steroid metabolizing enzymes at the protein level via immunohistochemistry (IHC). Bovine ovaries collected at a slaughterhouse were categorized according to their oestrus cycle stage. Three pairs of ovaries of each cycle stage (proestrus, oestrus, postestrus, interestrus) were collected. Morphological criteria (ovaries: presence/absence of follicles and/or CL, size and number of follicles; closure of the cervix, amount of mucus) were employed to categorize them. Samples for IHC were fixed in formalin. After washing and dehydration, the samples were finally embedded in paraffin and mounted onto blocks. Indirect immunoperoxidase staining methods were applied using the streptavidin-biotin technique for signal enhancement following standard procedures. Tissue sections of 3 µm were mounted onto glass slides, and a polyclonal rabbit anti-human STS and a polyclonal rabbit anti-bovine SULT1E1 primary antibody were used to detect STS or SULT1E1, respectively. Negative controls were included using nonspecific rabbit IgG. The evaluation of the staining was descriptive in relation to a positive control (bovine placenta). Immunostaining for STS was detected in granulosa cells of antral and secondary follicles and in the endothelium of blood vessels, irrespective of the stage of the oestrus cycle. Moreover, staining for SULT1E1 was restricted to granulosa cells in antral follicles, again irrespective of the stage of the oestrus cycle. However, staining intensity for STS and SULT1E1 was only weak. These data indicate for the first time the presence of the steroid metabolising enzymes STS and SULT1E1 in bovine ovaries at the protein level. However, due to the low expression level, further studies are needed to clarify the function. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the German Research Foundation (DFG; FOR 1369, WR 154/3–1).

The Correlation between Follicular Fluid Antimullerian Hormone Levels and Fertilization and Embryo Quality in ART Cycles

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Rutvij Jay Dalal ◽  
Akansha Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Antimullerian Hormone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antimüllerian Hormone ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Background Determination of oocyte and embryo quality are one of the most important goals in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Antimullerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by the ovarian granulosa cells into blood flow and follicular fluid. Follicular fluid (FF) AMH level is probably a marker of activity of granulosa cells. Objective To evaluate whether high level of FF AMH level is related to success of fertilization and better embryo quality. Materials and methods Sixty-two women, whose FF sample was obtained from a single follicle in each patient, underwent IVF with GnRH-agonist long protocol. Based on oocyte fertilization, the patients were divided into fertilized group (n = 42) and nonfertilized group (n = 20). FF AMH levels were measured in both groups and the quality of embryos was determined in fertilized group. Results Median of FF AMH level in fertilized group was higher than that in nonfertilized group (5.7 vs 2.7 ng/ml) and a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. There was a significant difference between FF AMH level and scores of embryos (p < 0.001). The medians levels of FF AMH were 6.7 ng/ml in good quality embryos and 3.80 ng/ml in fair quality embryos. Conclusion Our results indicate that FF AMH level has positive correlation with fertilization and embryo quality; therefore, it can be considered as a marker of IVF outcome. How to cite this article Dalal RJ, Mishra A. The Correlation between Follicular Fluid Antimullerian Hormone Levels and Fertilization and Embryo Quality in ART Cycles. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2012;3(3):83-86.

scholarly journals Variation in antral follicle development during the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle in red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ McLeod ◽  
LM Meikle ◽  
MW Fisher ◽  
TR Manley ◽  
DA Heath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Follicle Size

The aim of this study was to quantify antral follicle populations in cyclic red deer hinds and to monitor follicle development leading to ovulation. Oestrus was synchronized with exogenous progesterone and ovaries were recovered approximately 0, 12, 24 or 36 h (follicular phase) or 10 days (luteal phase) after progesterone withdrawal (n = 5 per group). All follicles > or = 2 mm in diameter were dissected out, health status was assessed, follicular fluid oestradiol content was measured, granulosa cells were harvested and their capacity for oestradiol and cAMP production was determined. The time of oestrus and the preovulatory LH surge were monitored in five control hinds. Deer ovaries contained 26.6 +/- 3.45 (mean +/- SEM) follicles > or = 2 mm in diameter (range 4-81), with at least one large antral follicle (diameter: 8.3 +/- 0.38 mm) per hind. There was a strong correlation between follicle size and granulosa cell population (r(2) = 0.676). Approximately half (50.7%) of the follicles were classified as healthy, with the percentage classified as atretic decreasing with increasing follicle size. Neither the total number of antral follicles nor their size distribution differed significantly among groups. There were significantly more (P < 0.05) healthy follicles at 24 h after progesterone withdrawal than at 0 h, when large oestrogenic follicles had fewer granulosa cells, lower follicular fluid oestradiol concentrations and lower aromatase activity (P < 0.05) than did those from other groups. In summary, antral follicle development in red deer is similar to that in other monovulatory ruminants, and at least one large follicle is present at all stages of the oestrous cycle.

scholarly journals Relaxin protein and gene expression in ovarian follicles of immature pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Ohleth ◽  
Q Zhang ◽  
CA Bagnell
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
Theca Interna

Relaxin production by the ovarian follicle of gonadotropin-primed, prepubertal gilts is well documented. As far as we are aware, a source of relaxin in pig follicles, independent of gonadotropins, has not yet been reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether relaxin is produced in porcine follicles in the absence of exogenous or cyclic gonadotropins. In immature pigs, immunoreactive relaxin was detected in fluids from small (1-3 mm), medium (4-5 mm) and large (>6 mm) follicles and localized to the theca interna of large follicles. Relaxin levels in follicular fluid significantly increased with follicle size (P<0.05). Relaxin mRNA was detected in whole small- and medium-sized follicles. In large follicles, the relaxin gene was expressed in thecal layers, but not granulosa cells. The abundance of relaxin transcript did not change with follicle size. In summary, relaxin protein and mRNA were detected in porcine follicles from immature animals, indicating that relaxin is produced in the porcine follicle in the absence of exogenous or cyclic gonadotropins. Relaxin's in vitro growth effects on porcine granulosa and theca cells support this follicular relaxin as a growth modulator during porcine follicular development.

Butyryl- and acetylcholine-esterases in human IVF-derived follicular fluid and luteinizing granulosa cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Blohberger ◽  
D Einwang ◽  
D Berg ◽  
U Berg ◽  
S Hecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Human Ivf

Relationship between Thyroglobulin and Tumor Detectabilily with Thallium-201 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Müller ◽  
Ch. Reiners ◽  
A. Bockisch ◽  
Katja Brandt-Mainz
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Tsh Suppression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tumor Scintigraphy ◽  
Tsh Stimulation

Summary Aim: Tumor scintigraphy with 201-TICI is an established diagnostic method in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer. We investigated the relationship between thyroglobulin (Tg) level and tumor detectability. Subject and methods: We analyzed the scans of 122 patients (66 patients with proven tumor). The patient population was divided into groups with Tg above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression or above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. Tumor detectability was compared by ROC-analysis (True-Positive-Fraction test, specificity 90%). Results: There was no significant difference (sensitivity 75% versus 64%; p = 0.55) for patients above and below 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression and a just significant difference (sensitivity 80% versus 58%; p = 0.04) for patients above and below 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. In 18 patients from our sample with tumor, Tg under TSH suppression was negative, but 201-TICI-scan was able to detect tumor in 12 patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate only a moderate dependence of tumor detectability on Tg level, probably without significant clinical relevance. Even in patients with slight Tg elevation 201-TICI scintigraphy is justified.

Angiotensin II- and substance P-like immunoreactivity in human follicular fluid: correlation of the peptide content with follicle size

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (3_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S117-S118
Author(s):  
H. JARRY ◽  
B. MEYER ◽  
G. HOLZAPFEL ◽  
B. HINNEY ◽  
D. TEMME ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Human Follicular Fluid ◽  
Follicle Size

Melatih Kepemimpinan Perangkat Desa Kebonharjo Kulonprogo: Membangun Sikap Anti Korupsi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Adi Heryadi ◽  
Evianawati Evianawati
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Measuring Tool

This study aims to prove whether transformational leadership training is effective for building anti-corruption attitudes of villages in Kebonharjo village, subdistrict Samigaluh Kulonprogo. This research is an experimental research with one group pre and posttest design.Subject design is 17 people from village of 21 candidates registered. Measuring tool used in this research is the scale of anti-corruption perception made by the researcher referring to the 9 anti-corruption values with the value of reliability coefficient of 0.871. The module used as an intervention made by the researcher refers to the transformational leadership dimension (Bass, 1990). The data collected is analyzed by statistical analysis of different test Paired Sample Test. Initial data collection results obtained sign value of 0.770 which means> 0.05 or no significant difference between anti-corruption perception score between before and after training. After a period of less than 1 (one) month then conducted again the measurement of follow-up of the study subjects in the measurement again using the scale of anti-corruption perception. The results of the second data collection were analysed with Paired Samples Test and obtained the value of 0.623 sign meaning p> 0.05 or no significant difference between post test data with follow-up data so that the hypothesis of this study was rejected.

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