scholarly journals Natural Phyto-Active Antihyperglycemic Moieties as Preventive Therapeutics for Diabetes Type II

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (sp1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Agnihotri ◽  
Harsha Kashyap ◽  
Sarika Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Health Concern ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Natural Remedy ◽  
Impaired Insulin ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Diabetes mellitus type-II (DM II) is a state characterized by hyperglycemia as fallout of endocrine dysfunction. This condition comes under the category of lifestyle diseases. The impaired insulin secretion, resistance or a combination of both results in the dysregulation of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism. The extremities of this state are associated with other detrimental complications such as cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, hepatopathy and neuropathy etc. DM II has now become a growing epidemic and a major health concern globally. Naturopathy deals with the development of promising therapeutics using herbal origin to ensure minimal or no other side effects with best efficacy of the drug as a promising candidate against a diseased condition. Therefore the review aims to find out a range of medicinal plants that can be used as a natural remedy for the management of DM II, through isolation of active plant moieties (specifically proteins) with antihyperglycemic properties. The active plant metabolites, with antidiabetic potential based on the available pharmacological reports are used as herbal cure against DM II. These isolated active plant moieties, possessing antihyperglycemic properties, might play a significant role in the development of a formulation of plant protein moieties (as a preventive therapeutic) to reduce the prevalence of DM II and to serve the mankind.

scholarly journals Identification of Risk Factors Associated with Obesity and Overweight—A Machine Learning Overview

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayan Chatterjee ◽  
Martin W. Gerdes ◽  
Santiago G. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Social determining factors such as the adverse influence of globalization, supermarket growth, fast unplanned urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, economy, and social position slowly develop behavioral risk factors in humans. Behavioral risk factors such as unhealthy habits, improper diet, and physical inactivity lead to physiological risks, and “obesity/overweight” is one of the consequences. “Obesity and overweight” are one of the major lifestyle diseases that leads to other health conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer, diabetes type II, hypertension, and depression. It is not restricted within the age and socio-economic background of human beings. The “World Health Organization” (WHO) has anticipated that 30% of global death will be caused by lifestyle diseases by 2030 and it can be prevented with the appropriate identification of associated risk factors and behavioral intervention plans. Health behavior change should be given priority to avoid life-threatening damages. The primary purpose of this study is not to present a risk prediction model but to provide a review of various machine learning (ML) methods and their execution using available sample health data in a public repository related to lifestyle diseases, such as obesity, CVDs, and diabetes type II. In this study, we targeted people, both male and female, in the age group of >20 and <60, excluding pregnancy and genetic factors. This paper qualifies as a tutorial article on how to use different ML methods to identify potential risk factors of obesity/overweight. Although institutions such as “Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)” and “National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE)” guidelines work to understand the cause and consequences of overweight/obesity, we aimed to utilize the potential of data science to assess the correlated risk factors of obesity/overweight after analyzing the existing datasets available in “Kaggle” and “University of California, Irvine (UCI) database”, and to check how the potential risk factors are changing with the change in body-energy imbalance with data-visualization techniques and regression analysis. Analyzing existing obesity/overweight related data using machine learning algorithms did not produce any brand-new risk factors, but it helped us to understand: (a) how are identified risk factors related to weight change and how do we visualize it? (b) what will be the nature of the data (potential monitorable risk factors) to be collected over time to develop our intended eCoach system for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle targeting “obesity and overweight” as a study case in the future? (c) why have we used the existing “Kaggle” and “UCI” datasets for our preliminary study? (d) which classification and regression models are performing better with a corresponding limited volume of the dataset following performance metrics?

scholarly journals Ethnicity, Ethnic Food And Diabetes Mellitus Type-II

2019 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Fareeha Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Norms And Values

Ethnicity is the identity of an individual with respect to its culture, religion, ancestral pattern, norms and values, which by a person can give its identification. People of the same ethnicity lives together, becomes their group. The similarities or differences of people in their cultures can be languages, food, rituals, nationality, norms, and values that identify their ethnicity. In ethnic groups, Diabetes Mellitus Type-II is becoming very common. Diabetes type-II is a global disease nowadays, but in some ethnic groups, it is at higher risk, like in Africans, Hispanics and Native Americans. Some ethnic group have their specific ethnic foods. For this, the descriptive methodology has been used for the collection of data, including methods of an in-depth interview. From this above discussion, it has been concluded that some ethnic groups are at high risk of diabetes type 2, and some ethnic foods, which include those ingredients which are the risk factors of diabetes type II, should not be taken to reduce the risk of Diabetes type-II.

scholarly journals Creatine Kinase Activity in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type I and Type II

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adlija Jevrić-Čaušević ◽  
Maja Malenica ◽  
Tanja Dujić
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus can be looked upon as an array of diseases, all of which exhibit common symptoms. While pathogenesis of IDDM (insulin dependant diabetes mellitus) is well understood, the same is not true for diabetes mellitus type II. In the latter case, relative contribution of the two factors (insulin resistance or decreased insulin secretion) varies individually, being highly increased in peripheral tissues and strictly dependant on insulin for glucose uptake. Moreover, in patients with diabetes mellitus type II, disbalance at the level of regulation of glucose metabolism as well as lipid metabolism has been noted in skeletal muscles. It is normal to assume that in this type of diabetes, these changes are reflected at the level of total activity of enzyme creatine kinase. This experimental work was performed on a group of 80 regular patients of Sarajevo General Hospital. Forty of those patients were classified as patients with diabetes type I and forty as patients with diabetes type II. Each group of patients was carefully chosen and constituted of equal number of males and females. The same was applied for adequate controls. Concentration of glucose was determined for each patient with GOD method, while activity of creatine kinase was determined with CK-NAC activated kit. Statistical analysis of the results was performed with SPSS software for Windows. Obtained results point out highly expressed differences in enzyme activity between two populations examined. Changes in enzyme activity are more expressed in patients with diabetes type II. Positive correlation between concentration of glucose and serum activity of the enzyme is seen in both categories of diabetic patients which is not the case for the patients in control group. At the same time, correlation between age and type of diabetes does exist . This is not followed at the level of enzyme activity or concentration of glucose.

An Insight into Unani Hypoglycemic Drugs and Their Mechanism of Action.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fazil ◽  
Sadia Nikhat ◽  
Imran Ali
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Diabetes mellitus type-II is a major health problem characterized by hypo-insulinemia and insulin resistance; leading to hyperglycemia and its complications. In Unani medicine, it is known as ziyābetus. Several drugs are prescribed in Unani medicine as single and compound formulations for this disease. Most of these drugs have been studied on scientific parameters and shown significant activity in reducing the symptoms and complications of diabetes. Objectives: Critical evaluation of Unani medicines for treating diabetes patients. To provide complete information on this subject with the action of the mechanism so that proper treatment should be done with prospective research. Methods: Unani literature was reviewed extensively via various search engines for the herbs, shrubs used for diabetes treatment. Ten drugs were selected for the present review. Results and Conclusion: There is convincing evidence to suggest that the selected drugs have promising actions against diabetes and its complications. Also, none of the studies has reported any adverse effects with the drugs. Also, there is evidence to suggest that the method of usage described in Unani medicine may reduce or eliminate adverse events if any. Further, there is a great need to do more research on making medicine more effective. Besides, the review article is useful for treating patients effectively by advancing the research.

scholarly journals PROFIL PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIDIABETIK ORAL PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE II

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 660-666
Author(s):  
Ine Suharyani ◽  
Nisya Chairunisya ◽  
Aida Maftuhah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diabetes Patient ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Descriptive Research

Peningkatan kasus serta tingkat kematian pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus disebabkan oleh perkembangan teknologi yang mempengaruhi pola hidup masyarakat. Pola hidup ini dapat memberikan dampak negatif berupa meningkatnya prevalensi berbagai penyakit degeneratif salah satunya Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi di RSUD 45 Kuningan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, data diambil dengan metode retrospektif dengan melihat rekam medis pasien rawat jalan yang berobat pada periode bulan Juli-Desember 2013 di RSUD 45 Kuningan. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan metode random sebanyak 60 sampel dari 130 pasien rawat jalan penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II di RSUD 45 Kuningan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 60 pasien, 45% menggunakan obat antidiabetik oral tunggal yaitu metformin dan sisanya merupakan kombinasi dengan obat lain. Penggunaan kombinasi yang paling banyak adalah metformin+glikuidon sebanyak 15%. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II didominasi oleh perempuan sebanyak 53%,sedangkan berdasarkan usia paling banyak 46-65 tahun sebanyak 82%. Berdasarkan kadar gula darah sewaktu, penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II yang paling banyak dengan nilai ≥ 200 mg/dl adalah 65%. Penyakit penyerta yang menyertai Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II yang paling banyak adalah penyakit dispepsia sebanyak 13,33%, hipertensi 10%, dan rheumatoid arthtritis 6,66%. Obat penyerta yang paling banyak diberikan kepada pasien Diabetes Mellitus yaitu Amlodipin/Amdixal sebanyak 43%.Kata Kunci : Diabetes Mellitus, antidiabetik oral. ABSTRACTThe increased of case and mortality of Mellitus Diabetes patient because of the growth of technology expanding very fast recently, can influence pattern live society. Pattern live this also can give negative impact to increase of various degenerativedisease like MellitusDiabetes. Mellitus Diabetes Type II represent as one of the disease which high amount case in RSUD 45 Kuningan.This research represent descriptive research, data taken with retrosfectivemethod and studying medical record of some patient which medicinize at period of July until December 2013. Sampel taken use method of random counted 60 sample from 130 outpatient patient of Diabetes Mellitus Type of II.Result of this research showd that from 60 patient, 45% usedsingle oral antidiabeticwas metformin. Usage of combination which at most is metformin+glikuidon counted 15%. According to the gender, patient of Diabetes Mellitus Type of II predominated by woman was 53%. While to age faction that is among/between 46-65 year counted 82%. Azzording to blood sugar concentrated, patient of Mellitus Diabetes Type of II which at most with value ≥ 200 mg / dl counted 65%. Disease in combination with Diabetes Mellitus Type II aredyspepsia counted 13,33%, hypertension 10%, and rheumatoid arthtritis 6,66%. The most drug incombination was Amlodipin / Amdixal counted 43%.Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus, oral antidiabetik drug.

scholarly journals Coagulation Disturbance among Essential Hypertensive and Diabetes Mellitus Type II Patients - Khartoum State

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Maye M Merghani ◽  
Fathelrahman M Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Diabetic Type ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: This was a descriptive study conducted in Khartoum. The aim was to compare the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen level between type II diabetic patients, hypertensive patient, patients had both diseases and control.Materials and Methods: Analytical experimental study was done in Khartoum state, Sudan, during the period of March 2014 to April 2014 to measure coagulation disturbance among essential hypertensive and diabetes mellitus type II patients. The study included 120 consecutive persons were enrolled; 30 had diabetes type II, 30 had diabetes mellitus type II plus hypertension, 30 had hypertension against 30 healthy individual setting as control.Results: The result found that prothrombin time (PT) was significantly increased in diabetic type II and hypertensive patients compared with control (p-value<0.05) and it was normal among patients with diabetes type II with hypertension compared to control (p-value>0.05). While, it was significantly decreased in patients with diabetes type II with hypertension compared to who had only hypertension or only diabetes, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was significantly increased in diabetic type II and among patients with both diseases compared with control (p-value<0.05); it was also, insignificantly different between hypertensive patients and control (p-value >0.05) but it was significantly increased in patients with both diseases compared to who had only hypertension or only diabetes. Fibrinogen level was significantly increased in diabetic type II and patients with both diseases compared to control (p-value <0.05) and statistically insignificant difference between hypertensive patients and control (p-value >0.05) and significantly increase in patients with both diseases compared to who had only hypertension or only diabetes.Conclusion: Our results was concluded a significant correlation between PT and duration of diseased in patients with both diseases (p-value 0.001). In conclusion, fibrinogen was significantly increased in patients with diabetes plus hypertension compared to patients with hypertension or patients with diabetes type II.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.424-429

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