scholarly journals Features of the coronavirus disease course in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
N. S. Kosmynina ◽  
I. Yu. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
General Weakness

The aim. To analyze the features of the coronavirus disease course in young children. Materials and methods. We analyzed case histories of 60 children aged 0 to 3 years who were hospitalized to the Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT” in the period from April to December 2020 with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease. Out of the 60 children 36 (60 %) were boys and 24 (40 %) were girls. Laboratory studies on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA were performed in samples of nasal and pharyngeal swabs by PCR at the State Institution “Lviv Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”. Blood and urinary laboratory tests were performed on the basis of the Laboratories in Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The result were statistically processed using Excel software from Microsoft Office 2019 packages. Quantitative characteristics were given as M ± m (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation of the arithmetic mean). Results. It was found that 40% of children under 1 year old and only 15% from 1 to 3 years old were hospitalized on the first day of the disease. Parents of sick children in 51 (85 %) cases confirmed the presence of contact with infected family members. The analysis of the disease clinical manifestations showed that during the disease course, most children with coronavirus disease had the following clinical manifestations: fever, runny nose, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and general weakness. Lymphopenia, which is the most common laboratory finding in adults with COVID-19, was found only in 28 % of children hospitalized to the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The presence of complications in the form of pneumonia was observed in 5 children, which amounted to 8.3 %. The average duration of inpatient treatment for children under 1 year of age was 7 days, and it was 6 days for children between 1 and 3 years of age. Conclusions. It was found that 85% of child inpatients were in contact with family members in whom the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed. The main manifestations of coronavirus disease were fever ˃38 °C and general weakness in more than 55% of children aged 0 to 3 years. The level of leukocytes within the age norm was observed in 46.6% of children, leukopenia– in 35.0%, and lymphopenia– in 28.3%. The course of the disease among young children was mild, and only 8.3% of children had the moderately severe course, complicated by pneumonia.

scholarly journals CLINICO-ETIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN OF MOSCOW IN 2015—2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Molochkova ◽  
O. B. Kovalev ◽  
A. L. Rossina ◽  
O. V. Shamsheva ◽  
A. A. Korsunsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Infectious Disease Department ◽  
Topical Diagnosis ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Causative Agents

A retrospective analysis of the etiological structure and clinical manifestations of acute intestinal infections was conducted in 8459  children hospitalized in a specialized infectious disease department at the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 in Moscow,  in 2015—2017 based on the study of statistical reports of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 for 2015—2017 and 2417 case histories of children aged 1 month to 18 years old.It was found that children with age 1—7 years of age (58.5%) are more likely to have acute intestinal infections and are hospitalized. The etiological interpretation of acute intestinal infections remains at a low level and is 28.6%. The leading causative agents of acute intestinal infections are viruses (83%), mainly rotaviruses (62%), less often noroviruses (18%). Topical diagnosis in the vast majority of patients with acute intestinal infections was gastroenteritis (74.7%), which leads to the development of toxicosis with exsiccosis,  especially in young children, which is the reason for hospitalization  in the hospital. The share of bacterial diarrhea is small (17%), among them salmonella  is significant, and in young children  — staphylococcal infection. In recent years, the relevance of identifying campylobacter and clostridium, these pathogens may be the cause of the development of diarrhea with hemoccolitis.

‘Look it Daddy’

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-119
Author(s):  
Darcey K. Searles
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Family Life ◽  
American English ◽  
Video Conferencing ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Life Data ◽  
To Receive

Video-mediated technologies enable families with young children to participate in interactions with remote family members. This article examines how a family with young children uses the affordances of video conferencing to 'show' items or themselves. Findings indicate that there are two types of shows in these remote family interactions: those that are designed to receive identification, and those that are designed to receive appreciation and/or assessment. These shows are also often collaboratively produced between a child and her co-present parent. Finally, this paper considers the implications of these shows for our understanding of how families remotely participate in family life. Data are in American English.

MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA IN PRACTICE OF PRIMARY CARE AND FAMILY PHYISICIANS

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
V. I Pozhar ◽  
O. V. Doroshenko ◽  
M. I. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Endocrine Tumors ◽  
Endocrine Neoplasia ◽  
Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis

Multiple endocrine neoplasia is characterized with a predisposition to tumors involving two or more endocrine glands. The four main forms of the disease are inherited as an autosomal dominant syndrome or may occur sporadically. In addition to these four forms, six other syndromes are associated with the presence of multiple endocrine and other neoplasms of the organs: hyperparathyroidism − jaw tumors, Carney complex, von Hippel−Lindau disease, neurofibromatosis type 1, Cowden syndrome and McCune − Albright syndrome. The diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome can be established in humans by one of the three available criteria: clinical features, family history, genetic analysis. Mutation analysis during these syndromes is useful in clinical practice to confirm the clinical diagnosis; identifying family members who tolerate the mutation and need to be screened, and identifying family members who do not tolerate the mutation. Syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia (Wermer syndrome) is characterized by the presence of a triad of tumors, including tumors of the parathyroid glands, pheochromocytoma and tumors of the parathyroid gland. It occurs less frequently in combination with Hirschsprung's disease, caused by the absence of vegetative ganglion cells in the intestine terminal parts, that leads to colonic enlargement, severe constipation and obstruction. This syndrome may be associated with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, the clinical manifestations of which are pruritus and lichenoid lesions, usually located in the upper back. A clinical case of MEN2 syndrome in a 52−year−old patient is presented. It is noted that for such patients, in addition to timely syndromic rather than component diagnosis of this endocrine multipathology, the spread of neoplastic process in medullary thyroid cancer to its capsule and surrounding tissues, as well as the presence of metastases in peripheral lymph nodes are important. As a rule, such patients cannot be timely cured. Key words: multiple endocrine neoplasia, endocrine tumors, genetic analysis, family history.

scholarly journals Novel missense mutation of SASH1 in a Chinese family with dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Cao ◽  
Ruixue Zhang ◽  
Liang Yong ◽  
Shirui Chen ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missense Mutation ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignment ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Multiple Sequence

Abstract Background Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a pigmentary dermatosis characterized by generalized mottled macules with hypopigmention and hyperpigmention. ABCB6 and SASH1 are recently reported pathogenic genes related to DUH, and the aim of this study was to identify the causative mutations in a Chinese family with DUH. Methods Sanger sequencing was performed to investigate the clinical manifestation and molecular genetic basis of these familial cases of DUH, bioinformatics tools and multiple sequence alignment were used to analyse the pathogenicity of mutations. Results A novel missense mutation, c.1529G>A, in the SASH1 gene was identified, and this mutation was not found in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Database of Short Genetic Variation, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, ClinVar, or 1000 Genomes Project databases. All in silico predictors suggested that the observed substitution mutation was deleterious. Furthermore, multiple sequence alignment of SASH1 revealed that the p.S510N mutation was highly conserved during evolution. In addition, we reviewed the previously reported DUH-related gene mutations in SASH1 and ABCB6. Conclusion Although the affected family members had identical mutations, differences in the clinical manifestations of these family members were observed, which reveals the complexity of the phenotype-influencing factors in DUH. Our findings reveal the mutation responsible for DUH in this family and broaden the mutational spectrum of the SASH1 gene.

scholarly journals POS1199 CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SARS-CoV2 INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH RHEUMATIC AND MUSCULUSKELETAL DISEASES – SURVEY DATA FROM GERMANY

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 882.1-882
Author(s):  
C. Sengler ◽  
S. Eulert ◽  
M. Niewerth ◽  
T. Kallinich ◽  
H. Wittkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
German Society ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Failure

Background:Although children and adolescents are less likely to develop COVID-19 and generally show milder disease courses, it is unclear what impact the SARS-CoV2 infection has on children and adolescents with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD). Due to their underlying disease as well as therapeutic immunosuppression these patients may be at higher risk of being more severely affected by SARS-CoV2. Furthermore, SARS-CoV2 infection might trigger a flare of the underlying disease.Objectives:To evaluate clinical characteristics and disease course of COVID-19 in children and adolescents with RMD and to analyze possible effects of SARS-CoV2 infection on the underlying disease under different therapeutic regimens.Methods:Data from juvenile patients with RMD recorded via the SARS-CoV2 questionnaire within the National Pediatric Rheumatology Database and the registry for hospitalized children and adolescents with COVID-19 of the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases were analyzed. In addition to age, sex and diagnosis, information was collected about the date and method of a positive SARS-CoV2 testing, reason for testing, on clinical manifestations, disease course, treatment and outcome of COVID-19, on drug therapy at the time of virus detection, on disease activity (NRS 0 – 10, 0 = best) of the underlying disease at the last visit before and after the SARS-CoV2 infection.Results:From April 17th 2020 until January 25th 2021, data of 67 patients with RMD and confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection were collected. Mean age was 13.5 ± 3.9 years with equal sex distribution. The majority of patients were diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, 64%), 12 (18%) patients had an autoinflammatory disease (FMF, CAPS, PFAPA, TRAPS) and 5 (7%) a connective tissue disease. Fifty-two patients (78%) were treated with a disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), 39% with a biological DMARD and 9% systemic glucocorticoids at the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nineteen patients (28%) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 because of typical symptoms, the majority (67%) because of contact to an infected person. PCR was used most often (in 60 %).52 patients (78%) developed symptoms of COVID-19, 15 patients remained asymptomatic. The most common symptom of COVID-19 was rhinitis (42%) and fever (38%), followed by fatigue (34%), taste/smell disorder (33%), sore throat (27%) and cough (23%).Disease severity was graded as mild in 44 of 52 (85%) symptomatic patients, only two patients were hospitalized, one of whom required intensive care and died of cardiorespiratory failure 3 days after symptom onset. In 22 of 26 (85%) SARS-CoV2-positive patients, no relevant increase in disease activity (difference in NRS ≤ 1 before/after infection) of the underlying disease was observed 31 days after symptom onset (median, IQR 17-52 days). One patient, who had paused tocilizumab for 2 doses, experienced a flare of his seronegative polyarthritis 2 months after asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.Conclusion:In our cohort, the clinical picture of COVID-19 in children and adolescents with RMD was similar to that of healthy peers. The majority of patients showed mild disease course with good outcome under various medications, however, one patient with a severe course of COVID-19 died. In addition, SARS-CoV2 infection does not appear to have a relevant impact on the underlying disease activity, whereas discontinuation of therapy might pose a risk of flare.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

Intrafamilial Organ Donation Is Often an Altruistic Act

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Spital
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Logical Conclusion ◽  
Prima Facie Duty

In their recent article, Glannon and Ross remind us that family members have obligations to help each other that strangers do not have. They argue, I believe correctly, that what creates moral obligations within families is not genetic relationship but rather a sharing of intimacy. For no one are these obligations stronger than they are for parents of young children. This observation leads the authors to the logical conclusion that organ donation by a parent to her child is not optional but rather a prima facie duty. However, Glannon and Ross go a step further by suggesting that because parent-to-child organ donation is a duty, it cannot be altruistic. They assert that “altruistic acts are optional, nonobligatory…supererogatory…. Given that altruism consists in purely optional actions presupposing no duty to aid others, any parental act that counts as meeting a child's needs cannot be altruistic.” Here I think the authors go too far.

scholarly journals Postoperative agitation syndrome in young children with perinatal damage to the central nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
V.I. Snisar ◽  
O.S. Pavlysh
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting ◽  
The Central Nervous System

One of the complications of the postoperative period in children is postanesthetic agitation, a significant emotional and uncontrollable worry, clouding of consciousness, feeling of anxiety and fear, inappropriate behavior, irritability, inconso­lable crying, aggressive and negative attitude towards parents and medical staff. Postoperative agitation is very important for clinicians and hospitals, it has a risk of harming a patient, staying longer in the ward after anesthesia, and increasing the period of postoperative recovery. The frequency of postoperative agitation depends on age group. Most often agitation occurs in young children. There is evidence that agitation can also be due to the immature nervous system and a consequence of pathological conditions of the central nervous system (asthenoneurotic syndrome, encephalopathy, hyperactivity syndrome, perinatal posthypoxic and organic brain lesions, history of prematurity, epilepsy, psychophysical and speech delay, etc.). That is why the goal of our research was to study the patterns of clinical manifestations of postoperative agitation syndrome in children with prenatal da­mage to the central nervous system. The work was performed based on the analysis of the postoperative period in 109 young children: 59 patients with acquired hydrocephalus, who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting, and 50 children without neurological disorders in whom reconstructive surge­ries were carried out. Depending on the type anesthetic management, each group was divided into two subgroups: children, who received inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane, and those, who received total intravenous anesthesia using propofol. In the postoperative period, the behavior of children was assessed on a Pediatric Ane­sthesia Emergence Delirium scale 30 minutes after anesthesia was completed. Criterion for the development of agitation was the presence of excitement in a child with a score of ≥ 10 points. Study showed that young children with perinatal damage to the central nervous system and children whose anesthetic provision is carried out using sevoflurane are the most vulnerable to the development of agitation syndrome. Agitation in such children is more pronounced and longer. These cases require prediction, detection and active surveillance.

scholarly journals Symptomatic manifestations of the disease caused by coronavirus (COVID-19) in adults: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rosa de Sousa Neto ◽  
Ana Raquel Batista de Carvalho ◽  
Erika Morganna Neves de Oliveira ◽  
Rosilane de Lima Brito Magalhães ◽  
Maria Eliete Batista Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Cough Headache

ABSTRACT Objective To identify symptoms of COVID-19 in adults in the scientific literature. Method Systematic review of studies published from December 1, 2019 to April 21, 2020 from the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, in order to answer the following research question: “What are the symptoms caused by COVID-19 in adults?” using the keywords “Symptoms”, “Clinical Manifestations”, “Coronavirus”, “COVID-19”. Results Of the total 105 references, 13 references that addressed the symptoms of COVID-19 were selected. Fever and normal or dry cough were symptoms present in all studies. Conclusion The symptoms identified in adult patients were fever, normal or dry cough, headache, pharyngalgia, dyspnea, diarrhea, myalgia, vomiting, sputum or expectoration, anxiety or chest pain, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, rhinorrhea, runny nose or nasal congestion, dizziness, chills, systemic pain, mental confusion, hemoptysis, asthma, taste disorder, smell disorder, belching and tachycardia.

scholarly journals Familial adenomatous colorectal polyposis complicated by colonic obturation: a clinical case

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
V. M. Durleshter ◽  
A. A. Kryachko ◽  
K. D. Chuguzov ◽  
M. K. Tarlanova
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Colorectal Polyposis ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Group 2

Background. Colorectal obturation is a fairly rare complication in patients with colorectal polyposis. Case descriptions of colonic obturation with underlying familial adenomatous colorectal polyposis have not been reported to date in national and foreign literature.Clinical Case Description. Patient G., female, 31 yo, was emergently admitted to a surgical unit with a preliminary diagnosis: acute intestinal obstruction, complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stool and gas outlet blockage, marked general weakness. Clinical and biochemical blood tests without peculiarities. Signs of intestinal obstruction in abdominal ultrasonic and X-ray examination. Obstructive right hemicolectomy performed as emergent surgery. Diagnosis: transverse colonic C-r T3NoMo, stage II, clinical group 2. Patient had routine fibrocolonoscopy in six months; polyps were revealed in all operated colon portions. APC genetic test was positive, total colectomy was decided with single-barrel ileostomy excretion on anterior abdominal wall. Definitive diagnosis: transverse colonic C-r T3NoMo, stage II, developed with underlying familial adenomatous colorectal polyposis, clinical group 2.Conclusion. Diagnosis of familial adenomatous colorectal polyposis with acute intestinal obturation is challenging due to forced urgent surgical intervention and lack of time for a detailed deeper examination in avoidance of baleful consequences. The case reported demonstrates that clinical manifestations of familial adenomatous colorectal polyposis extend beyond the routine complaints of abdominal bloating, stool blockage and rectal bleeding towards a formidable complication of acute colonic obturation of polypoid genesis.

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