scholarly journals Memory and History: A Comparison of the Past in Slovak Prose of the Post-2000 Period

Porównania ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-99
Author(s):  
Vladimír Barborík
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
New Millennium

This study focuses on how two kinds of memory: historical and personal are reflected in a section of Slovak literature of the past two decades. A variety of autobiographical genres and biographically-stylised fictional prose draw on personal memory, and history, is the domain of historical genres, particularly the novel. After the 1990s, the present was deemed important and historical presentations of the past were parodiedin the prose of Peter Pišťanek and Igor Otčenáš. At the beginning of the new millennium, however, prose portraying and reflecting on the past reappeared. Memory- based writing which is concerned with an individual situated within history, or outside of it, is more persuasive. Memory-based writing is used in different forms of autobiographical writing: within fiction it takes a form of biographical stylisation (e. g. Vilikovský, Kopcsay and Rozner). In the past ten to fifteen years, there has been a renewed interest in history in Slovak literature, mainly in pre-1989 history (e. g. Rankov, Krištúfek and Lavrík), which had been mistreated in pre-1989 Slovak literature, and later there was no interest in it or it was even rejected in the 1990s.During that time, historical memory was exploited to meet societal requirement. Silvester Lavrík was an exception—he was able to marry the two basic approaches to the past (personal history and historical) in a form of a dispute between them.

Das Geschichtsbild Walter Benjamins und die Inszenierung von Erinnerung in Regina Scheers Roman Machandel

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Christoph Seifener
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
East German

The following article discusses Regina Scheer’s novel Machandel (2014) and the approach to personal memory and historical perception that Scheer develops by drawing on Walter Benjamin’s famous essay On the Concepts of History, published in 1940. The article examines formal and narrative aspects of the novel, which tells the story of a family and an East German village from the 1930s until the present day, in order to demonstrate how Scheer rejects the possibility of direct access to history and the reconstruction of the past. Special attention is devoted to the specific meanings of different forms of silence and the role of literature in the process of cultural memory.

scholarly journals “Sarajevo. Plan grada”: the specifics of the chronotope

2020 ◽  
pp. 412-422
Author(s):  
Evgeniia V. Shatko
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Space ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia ◽  
The City

The scene of the novel written by M. Jergović “Sarajevo. Plan grada” (2015) — the writer’s hometown, the key space for all his writing. It’s some sort of a fl uid romanized map. The novel describes several cultural and historical Sarajevoes at the same time, such as an Ottoman city, and Austro-Hungarian, and Sarajevo during the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and a city of the Tito era, and then Sarajevo before and after the war of the 1990s. in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The space of the city in the novel is the past of the today’s city, marked for the author by political and ideological attempts to recode and even erase the historical memory. The fragmented text of the novel consists of personal memories, literary plots, the history of the city, refl ections on memory and obliteration — it is a monument dedicated to the old, disappearing or even already dis-appeared Sarajevo. According to E. Kazas, Jergović created the most voluminous, comprehensive and most reliable image of Sarajevo in Bos-nian literature.

scholarly journals Historical Memory and the Identity of Places: Approaches to War in Works by Énard and Rastello

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Patrizia Farinelli
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Shared Fate

In this article we will examine the form taken by memories of the war in Yugoslavia during the 1990s in the novel Zone (2008) by Mathias Énard and in the collection of documentary prose La guerra in casa (1998) by Luca Rastello. Our aim is to show that in both works, albeit in different ways, the memory of violent historical events opens up a new approach to the identity of places according to which the identity of this place is not imaginable except in relational terms. Whilst in eyewitness accounts from the collection La guerra in casa, places and geographical areas are redefined only in the categories of “within” and “outside”, of “over there” and “over here” (places where people had direct experience of war and violence and those where people remained at that time outside it), in Énard’s novel they have a more fluid identity. The “here” and the “there” tend to be more entwined because of their shared fate; at the same time also history is represented as a network: individual and collective experiences, the past and the present, the historical and the mythical dimensions often intersect.

scholarly journals Framing of Identity and Personal History through Multiperspective Narratives in Margaret Atwood’s The Blind Assassin

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Dev Mayurakshi
Keyword(s):  
Public History ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shifting Identities

: Margaret Atwood’s The Blind Assassin (2000) is an engagement in layers of shifting identities and their eventual unravelling. The novel is dominated by the character and voice of Iris Chase, an octogenarian who slowly and fumblingly presents to the reader the fragmented and complex personal history of her family. The novel becomes an exercise in historiography through Iris’s visitations to her and her sister Laura’s youth in order to explain their tenuous relationship which is achieved through three parallel sources: Iris’s own attempts at a memoir, journalistic documents and letters from the past, and excerpts from an infamous novel published forty years previously. My paper will explore the three narrative structures present in the novel, and attempt to understand the questions of authorship and writing, and their importance in building a historiographic narrative. It will try to examine the ways in which retrospective interventions into public history helps to counter and create identities which were hitherto repressed under social decorum. This paper will borrow from Linda Hutcheon’s writings of the postmodern metanarratives in order to compose a lucid understanding of what alternative historiography in literature can achieve, keeping at the centre Atwood’s novel.

scholarly journals First Lithuanian Museum – Baublys in Dionizas Poška’s Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Deima Katinaitė
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Mikhail Bakhtin ◽  
Research Question ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Personal Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Scholarly Attention

This article discusses Baublys – a nineteenth-century garden pavilion in Lithuania, Samogitia, established in the trunk of an oak tree by Lithuanian boyar and writer Dionizas Poška. Because of its ambiguity, Baublys has attracted considerable scholarly attention and, for the same reason, remains forgotten, generating a relatively small number of texts. Although interpretations vary, the place of Baublys in Lithuanian culture is still unclear. What is it? Is it a regional curiosity or a proto-museum? This article looks at Baublys through its function and aims at demonstrating that Baublys is not only a proto-museum, but also a prototype of today’s interactive museum, containing the analogues of modern practices of museology: interactivity, communicational features and performativity. My methodology is constructed invoking the conceptual metaphor of the mask and referring to the theories of Hans Belting and Mikhail Bakhtin. According to the Bakhtinian dialogic imagination and literary concepts of the epic and the novel, the analogy of the mask and the monument is used. The research question is what Baublys does as a mask during Poška’s lifetime and what it does as a monument today. How did its semantics and agency change after “becoming” a monument? The article shows that for Poška Baublys is a theatre of historical and personal memory, activated by structure, a set of finds, analogues (Sibile Temple, other garden pavilions) and performance. An empty Baublys is a monument – a reference to the past, which lacks the collection of the museum – Poška’s finds. Baublys is not only a museum, but might be perceived as a monument to museums, even a monument to the idea of a museum.

scholarly journals Problems of historical memory and its preservation, responsibility, forgiveness. From the novel “Silence” to the story “Relatives” by Y.V. Bondarev

Neophilology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 503-511
Author(s):  
Lili Jin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moral Meaning

Based on two relatively early works by Y.V. Bondarev, the novel “Silence” and the story “Relatives”, investigated the problems of spiritual and moral meaning, which were fundamental for the front-line writer throughout his difficult, long-term creative path. We trace the beginning of their artistic and philosophical development in the synthesis of “peace–war” in the named works of 1960s based on the development of some characters, both major and minor, specific situations, collisions. We note the main artistic and philosophical aspects: synthesis of the past, present, future, sacredness of memory, peaceful “silence” and psychological extreme. We analyze poetic techniques developed by the author that help to solve the assigned tasks: dream–reality, polyphonic monologues, “dialogue in a monologue”, etc.

scholarly journals The Role Of Historical Memory In Promoting The Concept Of Belonging To The Homeland In A Novel "Mazurka For Two Dead Men" Of The Spanish Novelist Camilo Jose Cela El Papel De La Memoria Histórica En El Apoyo Del Concepto De Pertenencia A La Patria , En La Novela “Mazurca Para Dos Muertos”, De Camilo José Cela

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (45) ◽  
pp. 248-286
Author(s):  
Qasem Mohammed Helal Saleem ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
Camilo Jose Cela ◽  
Identidad Nacional ◽  
The Past

The present study discusses the significant role of the historical memory in all the Spanish society aspects of life. When a novelist takes the role and puts on the mask of one of the novel’s protagonists or hidden characters, his memory of the events becomes the keywords of accessing the close-knit fabric of society and sheds lights on deteriorating social conceptions in a backwards social reality that rejects all new progressive ideas and modernity. Through concentrating on the society flawing aspects and employing everything of his stored memory, the author uses sarcasm to criticize and change such old deteriorating reality conceptions. Through reminding his community of the glories of their ancestors’ bright legacy, Cela’s work could be considered a wakeup call to bring life to, to revive the remains of the past and to save his country from the horror and miseries of the wars. Hence, the present study stresses all the author’s teachings and constant lessons reflecting and filling the novel with symbols of the Spanish patriotism. Resumen En esta investigación discutimos el gran e importante papel de la memoria histórica en todos los aspectos de la vida de la sociedad española, ya que el propio autor encarnaba a uno de los protagonistas de la novela a través de su memoria o llevaba la máscara de uno de los personajes de la novela. Personajes ocultos, pues su memoria de los hechos representó la clave para acceder a ese tejido social entrelazado, arrojó luz sobre muchos conceptos atrasados ​​a la luz de una realidad social en deterioro, que vive lejos de la cultura y el conocimiento, y carece de lógica en su comportamiento, e incluso no quiere conocer ni siquiera tratar nuevas ideas que pidan desarrollo o lo que se llama modernidad. El autor empleó todo lo que almacenaba su memoria en criticar esa realidad, con el fin de cambiar algunos de los conceptos a los que estaba acostumbrado durante largas épocas, presentando las situaciones e imágenes miserables y vergonzosas de esa sociedad, además de utilizar frases mezcladas con ironía. El trabajo de Cela fue como un grito para despertar a la comunidad, ya que presentamos sus muchos intentos de revivir los restos del pasado que podrían beneficiar a su sociedad, y brindarles respuestas y consejos para salir de esa realidad deterioro, además de salvar a su país de los horrores y miserias de la guerra, recordándole las grandes actitudes y elevados valores que narran las glorias de sus antepasados ​​y su gran herencia. Por tanto, nuestro foco en esta investigación estuvo en aquellas lecciones y sermones que fueron repetidos por el autor en fórmulas que sugieren y portan simbólicos que reflejan los significados de pertenencia y la identidad nacional española que llenaron las páginas de la novela.

Hydraulic Laboratory at University of Liège

2018 ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Willi H. Hager
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
The Novel ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
The Past ◽  
Comprehensive Picture

The Hydraulic Laboratory of Liège University, Belgium, is historically considered from its foundation in 1937 to the mid-1960s. The technical facilities of the various Buildings are highlighted, along with canals and instrumentation available. It is noted that in its initial era, comparatively few basic research has been conducted, mainly due to the professional background of the professors leading the establishment. This state was improved in the past 50 years, however, particularly since the Laboratory was dislocated to its current position in the novel University Campus. Biographies of the leading persons associated with the Liège Hydraulic Laboratory are also presented, so that a comprehensive picture is given of one of the currently leading hydraulic Laboratories of Europe.

The Pornographer and McGahern's Allusive Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-297
Author(s):  
Tom Walker
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Past

Allusions to other texts abound in John McGahern's fiction. His works repeatedly, though diffidently, refer to literary tradition. Yet the nature of such allusiveness is still unclear. This article focuses on how allusion in The Pornographer (1979) is depicted as an intellectual and social practice, embodying particular attitudes towards the function of texts and the knowledge they represent. Moreover, the critique of the practice of allusion that the novel undertakes is shown to have broader significance in terms of McGahern's whole oeuvre and its evolving attempts to salvage something of present value from the literature of the past.

A Review on Fast Dissolving Tablet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar T. Malsane ◽  
Smita S. Aher ◽  
R. B. Saudagar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Oral route is presently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most economical and most convenient method of drug delivery resulting in highest patient compliance. Over the past three decades, orally disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have gained considerable attention due to patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions because of tremors of extremities and dysphagia. In some cases such as motion sickness, sudden episodes of allergic attack or coughing, and an unavailability of water, swallowing conventional tablets may be difficult. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “Fast dissolving tablets” (FDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. The review describes the various formulation aspects, superdisintegrants employed and technologies developed for FDTs, along with various excipients, evaluation tests, marketed formulation and drugs used in this research area.

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