scholarly journals „Na dwu i na czterech łapach”. Eseistyka nieantropocentryczna i pisarstwo Michała Cichego

2021 ◽  
pp. 279-310
Author(s):  
Anita Jarzyna
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
Open World ◽  
Starting Point

The starting point for the discussion presented in the article is the question whether it is possible and reasonable to distinguish the non-anthropocentric essay. The author refers to the latest genological findings, indicates why the assumed descriptive categories make it difficult to recognise that genre, and then formulates a range of counter-arguments (with a particular focus on subjectivity) and defines certain requirements for the non-anthropocentric essay. The later part of the article is devoted to the work of Michał Cichy as an example of a non-representative embodiment of that form. His essays, related to the concepts by Tim Ingold and Tadeusz Sławek, are examined from the angle of the practice of intertwining the open world, which abolishes the hitherto dominating position of the human subject and creates space for non-anthropocentric expression.

scholarly journals A poststructuralist review of selfies: Moving beyond heteronormative visual rhetoric

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Patricia Routh
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Visual Rhetoric ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Deleuze And Guattari ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Production And Distribution

Mobile devices can instantly create and distribute a digital self-portrait, or ‘selfie’ across a myriad of social networks. The word ‘selfie’ summarises a particular kind of cultural and photographic practice that is motivated by a combination of the agency and aspirational biases of the selfie producer and where they prefer to share on social networks. With a specific focus on gendered selfie production, this paper aims to explore the relevant theories for gender identity within online communities in which selfies are shared. From a theoretical starting point, firstly this paper employs the poststructuralist theories (Deleuze and Guattari, 1980) as interpretative filters for a decisive understanding of the inner “rhizome” of an individual’s ideal of “becoming”. This paper argues that the embodied human subject is transformed by self-exploration with the production and distribution of their selfies.

PREFIGURING THE POSTHUMAN: DICKENS AND PROSTHESIS

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Sussman ◽  
Gerhard Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
World View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inanimate Object ◽  
Material Thing ◽  
Metabolic Conversion ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Martin Chuzzlewit ◽  
Classic Essay

With every tool man is perfecting his own organs…. by means of spectacles he corrects defects in the lens of his own eye; by means of the telescope he sees into the far distance. Man has become a kind of prosthetic god.—Freud,Civilization and its DiscontentsDOROTHY VAN GHENT'S“View from Todgers's” classic essay of 1950 (about perspective inMartin Chuzzlewit) might be defined as the starting point for what we now accept as the veriest Dickens commonplace: the fact that an interchange between animate human subject and inanimate object characterizes his world view. The boundaries of person and material thing are permeable, are constantly criss-crossing, according to Van Ghent, in a “system that is presumed to be a nervous one…. its predications about persons or objects tend to be statements of metabolic conversion of one into the other” (221). But this persistent reading, expressed here in biological terms–“nervous” system, “metabolic conversion”–of Dickens's stylistic habit, itself depends upon attributing to Dickens the critic's sharp distinction between the “human” and the “inhuman” or “non-human.”

scholarly journals O CAMINHO DE HUMANIZAÇÃO PASSA PELA AFIRMAÇÃO DOS SERES HUMANOS: A CELEBRAÇÃO, UMA OPORTUNIDADE PARA RETOMAR O CAMINHO

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (123) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Pedro Trigo
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
Image Of God ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Second Vatican Council ◽  
Gaudium Et Spes ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Image Of God ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Human Family

O artigo apresenta uma leitura da Constituição Pastoral Gaudium et spes, acentuando a dimensão antropológico-teológica como base para a unificação da humanidade. O Concílio Vaticano II foi um acontecimento que visou a toda a humanidade, partindo da verdade do ser humano como ser criado à imagem de Deus. Por isso, a absoluta afirmação de cada ser humano constitui ponto de partida para a formação do sujeito humano comprometido com a humanização inclusiva. A mundialização da época atual torna-se imperativa para essa afirmação. A atenção à interioridade, à voz da consciência, que está diante de Deus, chama o ser humano a optar pela verdade e o bem. O cultivo que cada criatura humana tem de si mesma inclui o compromisso com a fraternidade. Configura-se assim um verdadeiro kairós, que exige atitudes e decisões fundamentais para a construção de um mundo humanizado. Tais exigências abrangem os âmbitos econômico, social e político que devem ser organizados a fim de propiciar a personalização e a dedicação ao bem da família humana.ABSTRACT: The article presents a reading of the Pastoral Constitution Gaudium et spes, accentuating the anthropological-theological dimension as the basis for the unification of mankind. The Second Vatican Council was an event which envisionedall humanity, starting from the truth of the human being as being created in the image of God. Therefore, the absolute affirmation of each human being constitutes a starting point for the formation of human subject compromised with the humanization that is inclusive. The globalization of the current epoch becomes imperative to that affirmation. Attention to interiority, to the voice of conscience, that is before God, calls the human being to opt for truth and good. The cultivation that each human being has of itself includes the commitment to fraternity. This results in a true kairos, which requires fundamental attitudes and decisions for the construction of a humanized world. Such requirements touch the economic, social and political realms that should be organized in order to favor the personalization and dedication of the welfare of the human family.

scholarly journals Kleverig drama : Nieuwe ecokritische perspectieven in de poëzie van Dominique De Groen

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Claudia Zeller
Keyword(s):  
Human Subject ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Dark Ecology ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This article investigates new perspectives on ecocriticism through the works of the Flemish poet Dominique De Groen. Taking Timothy Morton’s notion of ‘dark ecology’ as a starting point, it argues that De Groen’s poetry represents a form of anthropocenic writing that exceeds the scope of traditional ecocriticism. Read through the lens of the Anthropocene as both a geological era and an episteme, her writing can shed light on the entanglement between the human subject and its environment that is central to the conceptualisation of the Anthropocene as discourse. It is argued that the discursive dimension of the Anthropocene can be a valuable way to not only broaden our understanding of ecocritical literature, but also to include literary texts focusing on questions of labour, industrialisation, and capitalism in the anthropocenic debate.SamenvattingDit artikel verkent nieuwe perspectieven op de ecokritiek aan de hand van het werk van de Vlaamse dichter Dominique De Groen. Met Timothy Mortons notie van de donkere ecologie als uitgangspunt wordt er betoogd dat De Groens poëzie een vorm van antropocenisch schrijven vertegenwoordigt die buiten het bestek van de traditionele ecokritiek valt. Gelezen door de lens van het idee dat de term 'antropoceen' zowel een geologisch tijdperk als een épistémè aanduidt, kan haar werk een nieuw licht werpen op de verwevenheid van het menselijke subject en zijn milieu, een idee dat een grote rol speelt bij de conceptualisering van het antropoceen als discours. Dit artikel maakt inzichtelijk dat het in ogenschouw nemen van de discursieve dimensie van het antropoceen waardevol kan zijn, niet alleen om ons begrip van ecokritische literatuur te verbreden, maar ook om literaire teksten die kwesties van arbeid, industrialisering en kapitalisme thematiseren in het antropoceendebat te betrekken.

scholarly journals On the Difference Between Being and Object

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-153
Author(s):  
James Osborn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
German Philosophy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Philosophical Project ◽  
Object Oriented Ontology

If philosophy in the wake of Kant’s transcendental revolution tends to orient itself around a subjective principle, namely the human subject, then recently various schools of thought have proposed a counterrevolution in which philosophy is given an objective, nonhuman starting point. In this historical context, “object-oriented ontology” has sought to gain the status of first philosophy by identifying being in general with the object as such—that is, by systematically converting beings to objects. By tracing the provenance of this system to a key moment of late eighteenth-century German philosophy, this paper develops the idea of the difference between being and object in order to demonstrate that object-oriented thinking, contrary to its anti-Kantian claims, adheres to the central axiom of transcendental idealism, that this axiom contains an unsolvable paradox, and that Kant and Novalis give us the resources for a transformative philosophical project that meets the challenge of the cultural and theoretical turn to objects.

Crystal structure images of large gold clusters and growing crystals by HRTEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
L.R. Wallenberg ◽  
J.-O. Bovin ◽  
G. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Close Packing ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Molecular Weight Determination ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nucleation And Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Points Of View

Metallic clusters are interesting from various points of view, e.g. as a mean of spreading expensive catalysts on a support, or following heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic events. It is also possible to study nucleation and growth mechanisms for crystals with the cluster as known starting point.Gold-clusters containing 55 atoms were manufactured by reducing (C6H5)3PAuCl with B2H6 in benzene. The chemical composition was found to be Au9.2[P(C6H5)3]2Cl. Molecular-weight determination by means of an ultracentrifuge gave the formula Au55[P(C6H5)3]Cl6 A model was proposed from Mössbauer spectra by Schmid et al. with cubic close-packing of the 55 gold atoms in a cubeoctahedron as shown in Fig 1. The cluster is almost completely isolated from the surroundings by the twelve triphenylphosphane groups situated in each corner, and the chlorine atoms on the centre of the 3x3 square surfaces. This gives four groups of gold atoms, depending on the different types of surrounding.

Two isoprenylated flavonoids from Dorstenia psilurus activate AMPK, stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit glucose production and lower glycemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3687-3704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aphrodite T. Choumessi ◽  
Manuel Johanns ◽  
Claire Beaufay ◽  
Marie-France Herent ◽  
Vincent Stroobant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Structural Isomer ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Ampk Activation ◽  
Starting Point

Root extracts of a Cameroon medicinal plant, Dorstenia psilurus, were purified by screening for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in incubated mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). Two isoprenylated flavones that activated AMPK were isolated. Compound 1 was identified as artelasticin by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 2D-NMR while its structural isomer, compound 2, was isolated for the first time and differed only by the position of one double bond on one isoprenyl substituent. Treatment of MEFs with purified compound 1 or compound 2 led to rapid and robust AMPK activation at low micromolar concentrations and increased the intracellular AMP:ATP ratio. In oxygen consumption experiments on isolated rat liver mitochondria, compound 1 and compound 2 inhibited complex II of the electron transport chain and in freeze–thawed mitochondria succinate dehydrogenase was inhibited. In incubated rat skeletal muscles, both compounds activated AMPK and stimulated glucose uptake. Moreover, these effects were lost in muscles pre-incubated with AMPK inhibitor SBI-0206965, suggesting AMPK dependency. Incubation of mouse hepatocytes with compound 1 or compound 2 led to AMPK activation, but glucose production was decreased in hepatocytes from both wild-type and AMPKβ1−/− mice, suggesting that this effect was not AMPK-dependent. However, when administered intraperitoneally to high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, compound 1 and compound 2 had blood glucose-lowering effects. In addition, compound 1 and compound 2 reduced the viability of several human cancer cells in culture. The flavonoids we have identified could be a starting point for the development of new drugs to treat type 2 diabetes.

Overview of Current Approaches to Aural Rehabilitation for Adults With Cochlear Implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1175-1187
Author(s):  
Rachel Glade ◽  
Erin Taylor ◽  
Deborah S. Culbertson ◽  
Christin Ray
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Aural Rehabilitation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Hearing Health

Purpose This clinical focus article provides an overview of clinical models currently being used for the provision of comprehensive aural rehabilitation (AR) for adults with cochlear implants (CIs) in the Unites States. Method Clinical AR models utilized by hearing health care providers from nine clinics across the United States were discussed with regard to interprofessional AR practice patterns in the adult CI population. The clinical models were presented in the context of existing knowledge and gaps in the literature. Future directions were proposed for optimizing the provision of AR for the adult CI patient population. Findings/Conclusions There is a general agreement that AR is an integral part of hearing health care for adults with CIs. While the provision of AR is feasible in different clinical practice settings, service delivery models are variable across hearing health care professionals and settings. AR may include interprofessional collaboration among surgeons, audiologists, and speech-language pathologists with varying roles based on the characteristics of a particular setting. Despite various existing barriers, the clinical practice patterns identified here provide a starting point toward a more standard approach to comprehensive AR for adults with CIs.

A Quantitative Study of the Gastric Secretory Response to Sham Feeding in a Human Subject

1950 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry D. Janowitz ◽  
Franklin Hollander ◽  
David Orringer ◽  
Milton H. Levy ◽  
Asher Winkelstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Sham Feeding

Indirect Assessment of Attitudes with Response-Time-Based Measures

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Degner ◽  
Dirk Wentura ◽  
Klaus Rothermund
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Scale Theory ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories

Abstract: We review research on response-latency based (“implicit”) measures of attitudes by examining what hopes and intentions researchers have associated with their usage. We identified the hopes of (1) gaining better measures of interindividual differences in attitudes as compared to self-report measures (quality hope); (2) better predicting behavior, or predicting other behaviors, as compared to self-reports (incremental validity hope); (3) linking social-cognitive theories more adequately to empirical research (theory-link hope). We argue that the third hope should be the starting point for using these measures. Any attempt to improve these measures should include the search for a small-scale theory that adequately explains the basic effects found with such a measure. To date, small-scale theories for different measures are not equally well developed.

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